APPENDIX 5
Select Reading
List on Persistent Identifiers and Naming Schemes
1. General Digital libraries and architecture
Engelbart, Douglas C. Knowledge-Domain Interoperability and an Open
Hyperdocument System, June 1990 (AUGMENT,132082,)
http://www.bootstrap.org/augdocs/augment-132082.htm
Arms, William. Key Concepts in the Architecture of the Digital
Library in D-Lib Magazine, July 1995
http://www.dlib.org/dlib/July95/07arms.html
Kahn, Robert and Wilensky, Robert. A framework for distributed
digital object services. May, 1995.
http://www.CNRI.Reston.VA.US/home/cstr/arch/k-w.html
Sollins, Karen R. and Jeffrey R. Van Dyke. Linking in a Global
Information Architecture
http://www.w3.org/Conferences/WWW4/Papers/193/
2. General naming issues
Causton, Laurie. Identifying and describing Web resources.
(European Commission DGXIII/E-4)
[2004 update: items on this site
(www.elpub.org) are no longer available for download. Requests for specific
docs can be sent to the webmaster at webmaster@elpub.org]
Green, Brian. Unique Identifiers: a brief introduction / by Brian
Green and Mark Bide (undated, probably 1997)
http://www.bic.org.uk/uniquid.html
Miller, James S. W3C and Digital Libraries. In D-Lib Magazine,
November 1996.
http://www.dlib.org/dlib/november96/11miller.html
Payette, Sandra. Persistent Identifiers on the Digital Terrain /
by Sandra Payette in RLG Diginews Vol. 2, no. 2 (April 15, 1998) ISSN 1093-5371
http://www.rlg.org/preserv/diginews/diginews22.html#Identifiers
Powell, Andy. Unique identifiers in a digital world. in Ariadne,
Issue 8 (9 April 1997)
http://www.ariadne.ac.uk/issue8/unique-identifiers
Requirements for an Identification Scheme for BIBLINK May 1977 in
BIBLINK - LB 4034, Section D2.1 Identification
http://hosted.ukoln.ac.uk/biblink/wp2/d2.1/doc0004.htm
Van der Werf-Davelaar, Titia. Identification, location and versioning
of web-resources URI Discussion paper. DONOR 1999
http://www.kb.nl/coop/donor/rapporten/URI.html
3. Citation linking
Atkins, Helen. Reference Linking with DOIs: a Case Study / Atkins
et al. in D-Lib Magazine, February 2000
http://www.dlib.org/dlib/february00/02risher.html
Caplan, Priscilla and Flecker, D. Choosing the Appropriate Copy .
Caplan & D. Flecker. Digital Library Federation Architecture Committee.
September 1999
http://www.niso.org/news/reports/DLFarch.html
CrossRef - the central source for reference linking
http://www.crossref.org/
Doyle, Mark. Citing and Linking in Electronic Scholarly Publishing: a
Pragmatic Approach / Mark Doyle. American Physical Society, [1999?]
http://www.bth.se/elpub99/ap.nsf/0/e7afb3280e8bfe47c12566ff0037b4f8/$FILE/51-59.pdf
Flecker, Dale. Citation - E-Journal Links from the (Academic) Library
Viewpoint : a presentation to the NISO/NFAIS/SSP Linking Workshop 11 February
1999, Washington, DC
http://www.niso.org//presentations/flecker.html
Hellman, Eric S. Scholarly Link Specification Framework S-Link-S
Outline. Openly Informatics, Inc (March 20, 2001)
http://www.openly.com/SLinkS/SLinkS.html
Hitchcock, Steve. Towards Universal Linking for Electronic
Journals / Steve Hitchcock et al. Open Journal Project in Serials Review,
Vol. 24, No. 1 (Spring 1998) pp. 21-33.
http://journals.ecs.soton.ac.uk/IFIP-SerRev98.html
Integrating and navigating eprint archives through
citation-linking. NSF / JISC - eLib Collaborative Project: International
Digital Libraries Research Programme
http://www.princeton.edu/~harnad/citation.html
Paskin, Norman. E-Citations: actionable identifiers and scholarly
referencing. Version 1.2, December 17, 1999.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1000/170
The Scholarly Link Specification Framework, S-Link-S Home page
http://www.openly.com/SLinkS/
4. Naming systems general issues
Information Object Numbering Systems (IONS) (JTAP report 42),
Division of Learning Development De Monfort University
http://www.jtap.ac.uk/reports/htm/jtap-042.html#_Toc454868885
Library of Congress Network Development and MARC Standards Office.
Naming Conventions for Digital Resources / prepared by Rebecca Guenther
http://lcweb.loc.gov/marc/naming.html
Naming and linking strategy RLG Digital Collections Project Studies
in Scarlet Project
http://www.rlg.org/scarlet/. [2004
update: Information page only is still available at this address]
Paskin, Norman. Information Identifiers / by Norman Paskin (Originally
published in Learned publishing, Vol. 10 No. 2, (April 1997) pp 135-156 )
http://www.elsevier.com/inca/homepage/about/infoident/Menu.shtml
The Relationship between URNs, Handles, and PURLs. Library of
Congress National Digital Library Program 1997.
http://lcweb2.loc.gov/ammem/award/docs/PURL-handle.html
Universal Document Naming Systems: Links
http://elib.cs.sfu.ca/USIN/naming.html
5. Specific naming schemes
5.1 Handles
see publications/papers etc at http://www.handle.net/index.html
Library of Congress, NDLP (National Digital Library Program)
Internal documentation. Handle Server: Overview
http://lcweb2.loc.gov/ammem/award/docs/handle-server.html
Library of Congress, NDLP (National Digital Library Program) Internal
documentation. A global system of Handle Servers.
http://lcweb2.loc.gov/ammem/award/docs/h-s3.html
Library of Congress, NDLP (National Digital Library Program) Internal
documentation. More on handles and naming authorities.
http://lcweb2.loc.gov/ammem/award/docs/h-s2.html
[See also the descriptions of DOIs use of the Handle system by Norman Paskin.]
5.2 DOI
About the DOI system. IDF April 2001
http://www.doi.org/about_the_doi.html
Bide, Mark. In Search of the Unicorn: the Digital Object Identifier
from a User Perspective 1998 (British Library Research and Innovation
Report; 89).
http://www.bic.org.uk/unicorn2.pdf
Davidson, Lloyd A. Digital Object Identifiers: Promise and Problems
for Scholarly Publishing / by Lloyd A. Davidson and Kimberly Douglas in
Journal of Electronic Publishing, Volume 4, Issue 2 (Dec. 1998) ISSN 1080-2711
http://www.press.umich.edu/jep/04-02/davidson.html
DOI Deployment IDF Discussion paper:
http://www.doi.org/deployment2.pdf
DOI Home page
http://www.doi.org/
Erickson, John S. The DOI and Rights Management: Tying Up Loose
Ends. in Trialogue No. 11, Summer 1999.
[2004 update: Trialogue not
available]
The INDECS metadata framework : principles, model and data
dictionary, June 2000 / Godfrey Rust, Mark Bide
http://www.indecs.org/pdf/schema.pdf
Lynch, Clifford, Identifiers and Their Role in Networked Information
Applications in ARL: A Bimonthly newsletter of research library issues and
actions. No. 194 (October 13, 1997)
Arms, William. Digital Object Identifiers (DOIs) and Clifford Lynch's
five questions on identifiers / by William Y. Arms, Corporation for
National Research Initiatives in ARL: A Bimonthly newsletter of research
library issues and actions. No. 194 (October 13, 1997)
Miller, Paul. I am a name and a number : with JISC joining the
International DOI Foundation, explores the use of systems such as the Digital
Object Identifier. In Ariadne, Issue 24, Jun-2000
http://www.ariadne.ac.uk
/issue24/metadata/
National Information Standards Organization (US). Syntax for the Digital Object Identifier : an American national standard developed by the National Information Standards Organization. Bethesda : NISO, 2000. ISBN 1-880124-47-5. ANSI/NISO Z39.84-2000
Paskin, Norman. The DOI Handbook. Version 1.0.0 February 2001 [doi:10.1000/186]
International DOI Foundation
http://www.doi.org/handbook_2000/index.html
Paskin, Norman. Digital Object Identifier : implementing a standard
digital identifier as the key to effective rights management. April 2000
http://www.doi.org/doi_presentations/aprilpaper.pdf
Paskin, Norman. DOI: Current Status and Outlook in D-Lib Magazine
May 1999
http://www.dlib.org/dlib/may99/05paskin.html
Paskin, Norman. Position paper for W3C Workshop on Digital Rights
Management for the Web (22/23 January, 2000)
http://www.doi.org/2000/12/drm-ws/pp/doi-paskin.html
Paskin, Norman. From one to many : the next stage in DOI functionality / Norman
Paskin (DOI) and Laurence Lannom (CNRI) August 2000
http://dx.doi.org/10.1000/190/
Powell, Andy. Resolving DOI Based URNs Using Squid in D-Lib
Magazine, June 1998 ISSN: 1082-9873
http://www.dlib.org/dlib/dlib/june98/06powell.html
Requirements for DOI-Based Applications and Services: A DOI
Discussion Paper: Revised January 30, 1998
http://www.doi.org/topics/Erickson-Services/DOIServices_jse98.htm
Rosenblatt, Bill. The digital object identifier: solving the dilemma of Copyright protection online / by Bill Rosenblatt in Journal of Electronic Publishing Dec. 1997, Volume 3, Issue 2, ISSN 1080-2711
Rust, Godfrey. Metadata: the Right Approach. An Integrated
Model for Descriptive and Rights Metadata in E-commerce in D-Lib Magazine
July/August 1998
http://www.dlib.org/dlib/july98/rust/07rust.html
5.3 PURL
Introduction to Persistent Uniform Resource Locators / Keith
Shafer, Stuart Weibel, Erik Jul, Jon Fausey OCLC, 1996
http://purl.oclc.org/OCLC/PURL/INET96
Persistent URL Home page
http://purl.oclc.org/
PURL Frequently Asked Questions
http://purl.oclc.org/OCLC/PURL/FAQ
5.4 OAI
The Open Archives Initiative Protocol for Metadata Harvesting. 2.3.
Unique identifiers - Document Version 2001-04-24
http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/openarchivesprotocol.htm#Unique
Identifier
6. Publishing Industry schemes
SICI
SICI : Serial Item and Contribution Identifier Standard.
ANSI/NISO Z39.56-1996
http://www.niso.org/standards/standard_detail.cfm?std_id=530
BICI
Book Item and Component Identifier: BICI (Committee AP)/NISO
Draft standard at http://www.niso.org/pdfs/BICI-DS.pdf
PII
Publisher Item Identifier as a means of document identification.
American Institute of Physics
[2004 update: no longer available]
Publisher Item Identifier Adopted. American Institute of Physics
[2004 update: no longer available]
7. International Standard Numbering Schemes
ISSN
ISSN International Centre. Information concerning the ISSN
(International Standard Serial Number).
http://www.issn.org/
ISRN
International standard technical report number (ISRN) ISO
10444:1994
http://www.iso.org/iso/en/CatalogueDetailPage.CatalogueDetail?CSNUMBER=18506
ISMN
International standard music number (ISMN) ISO 10957:1993
http://www.collectionscanada.ca/iso/tc46sc9/standard/10957e.htm
ISBN
International standard book numbering (ISBN) ISO 2108:1992
http://www.collectionscanada.ca/iso/tc46sc9/standard/2108e.htm
8. URI/URN
URI
Peacock, Ian. What is...a URI? in: Ariadne, Issue 18 (1998)
http://www.ariadne.ac.uk/issue18/what-is/
RFC 2396 Uniform Resource Identifiers (URI): Generic Syntax. T.
Berners-Lee R. Fielding L. Masinter (August 1998)
http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2396.txt
RFC 1630 Uniform Resource Identifiers in WWW. T. Berners-Lee.
(June 1994)
http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc1630.txt
RFC 1738 Uniform Resource Locators (URL) T. Berners-Lee, L.
Masinter, M. McCahill (December 1994)
http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc1738.txt
RFC 1736 Functional recommendations for Internet Resource
Locators. J. Kunze (February 1995)
http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc1736.txt
RFC 2468 Resolution of Uniform Resource Identifiers using the Domain
Name System., Ron Daniel, M. Mealling (June 1997)
http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2468.txt
RFC 2717 Registration Procedures for URL Scheme Names. R. Petke,
I. King. (November 1999)
http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2717.txt
RFC 2718 Guidelines for new URL Schemes. L. Masinter, H.
Alvestrand, D. Zigmond, R. Petke, (November 1999)
http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2718.txt
URN
Uniform Resource Names : A Progress Report / The URN
Implementors. in D-Lib Magazine, February 1996.
http://www.dlib.org/dlib/february96/02arms.html
Uniform Resource Names (URN) Working Group Charter:
http://www.ietf.org/html.charters/OLD/urn-charter.html
RFC 1737 Functional requirements for Uniform Resource Names. K.
Sollins, L. Masinter (December 1994)
http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc1737.txt
RFC 2276 Architectural Principles for Uniform Resource Name
Resolution. K. Sollins (January 1998)
http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2276.txt
RFC 2141 URN Syntax. R. Moats (May 1997)
http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2141.txt
RFC 2483 URI Resolution Services necessary for URN resolution. M.
Mealling, Ron Daniel (January 1999)
http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2483.txt
RFC 2611 URN Namespace definition mechanisms. L. Daigle, D. van
Gulik, R. Iannella, P. Falstrom (June 1999)
http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2611.txt
URN implementation in National Libraries Hakli, Esko; Hakala,
Juha; Helsinki University Library 1998
http://linnea.helsinki.fi/urn/urnimp.html
Hakala, Juha. Uniform Resource Names In: Tietolinja News, 1/1999
http://hul.helsinki.fi/tietolinja/0199/urnart.html
URN/URI resolution
RFC 2168 Resolution of Uniform Resource Identifiers using the Domain
Name System (Experimental) June 1997 / R. Daniel and M. Mealling
http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2168.txt
RFC 2169 A Trivial Convention for using HTTP in URN Resolution
Experimental June 1997 / R. Daniel
http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2169.txt
Note: The following two documents are Internet drafts, and there is no guarantee that they will continue to exist beyond the expiry date.[2004 update: these items no longer accessible.]
Mealling, Michael. Dynamic Delegation Discovery System (DDDS)
Internet-Draft, February 8, 2001 (Expires: August 9, 2001)
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-urn-ddds-04.txt
Mealling, Michael. URI Resolution using the Dynamic Delegation
Discovery System Internet-Draft, February 8, 2001 (Expires: August 9, 2001)
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-urn-uri-res-ddds-03.txt
NBN
Hakala, Juha. Using National Bibliography Numbers as Uniform Resource
Names Internet-Oct 2001
http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3188.txt
Hakala, Juha URN implementation in national libraries
[2004
update: no longer accessible]
URN
Namespace ID Registration for the National Bibliography Number (NBN)
9. IETF standardisation process
RFC: 2026. Bradner, S. The Internet Standards Process -- Revision
3 BCP: 9. October 1996
http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2026.txt
10. Organisations
Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN)
http://www.icann.org/
Internet Engineering Task Force
http://www.ietf.org/overview.html
World Wide Web Consortium (W3C)
http://www.w3.org/
11. Mailing lists
Discuss-DOI: The DOI Mailing List
http://www.doi.org/mailman/listinfo/discuss-doi
Archives of uri@w3.org Mail Archives
http://lists.W3.org/Archives/Public/uri
Archives of xml-uri@w3.org Mail Archives
http://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/xml-uri/
Archives of urn-ietf@lists.netsol.com
http://LISTS.NETSOL.COM/archives/urn-ietf.html
12. Persistence
Web Pages Must Live Forever. Jakob Nielsen's Alertbox for
November 29, 1998:
http://www.useit.com/alertbox/981129.html
Cool URIs don't change / W3C
http://www.w3.org/Provider/Style/URI
13. Open URLs
Metadata OpenURL demonstrator. UKOLN
http://www.ukoln.ac.uk/metadata/openurl/
NISO Creates OpenURL Standard Committee NISO, March 2001
http://www.niso.org/news/releases/PR-OpenURL.html
Open Name Services OCLC
http://names.oclc.org/openurl/
Powell, Andy. Encoding OpenURLs in Dublin Core metadata / Andy
Powell and Ann Apps. in: Ariadne, Issue 27 (23-Mar-2001)
http://www.ariadne.ac.uk/issue27/metadata/
Van de Sompel, Open URL syntax description / Herbert Van de
Sompel; Patrick Hochstenbach; Oren Beit-Arie .
http://www.sfxit.com/openurl/openurl.html
[2005 note: no longer accessible]
page last updated 24 Jan 2007 : broken links removed
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