ABN Cataloguing Manual: Part B ABN Cataloguing policy

Part B.1 AACR2R Chapter 1: General rules for description

1.0Manifestations (edition or copy)

Preservation microform masters
When cataloguing preservation microform masters, participants should follow the instructions set out in part B.11 of this manual.

Exceptions to LC
The Standards Committee encourages the use of Library of Congress Rule Interpretations. However, chiefly to accommodate the needs of the national bibliography, which are different to that of a catalogue, the following exceptions are permissible but not encouraged on ABN:

a. The existence of an additional record based on the addition, deletion or change of an ISBN is allowable if it is in accordance with the issuing national agency's policy (ABN S.C. meeting September 1988).

b. The creation of a separate record based on 'a difference in the printing or copyright date' is an allowable option, in line with rule 2.4G2. [S.C. 3]

Copy cataloguing
When making the decision to attach holdings to a database record (copy cataloguing), participants should observe the criteria set down in LCRI 1.0. The LCRI criteria for reuse may be liberalised if necessary, to include, but not exceed, variations in the method of reproduction, e.g. facsimiles, microforms, provided that this information is not added to the shareable data in the record being copied. [ABN/SC/1984/RES/9]

To avoid the proliferation of records on the ANBD, ABN cataloguers are not required to create a new record if the only difference between a work in hand and a database record is the place of publication. [ABN/SC/RES/1991/6]

Remastered works
Note that a remastered sound recording in which the medium and content has not changed, is not considered to be a new manifestation. Such as, a 4 track sound recording on 3 cassettes remastered in 4 track with no changes albeit onto 4 cassettes. However, a 4 track recording remastered in 2 track would be a new manifestation.

Collective entries
The Standards Committee has endorsed the principle of collective entries on ABN for madeup collections, i.e. collections of textual material that, as a unit, do not constitute a publication (see also: LCRI 1.4 F10) e.g. copies of works which have won awards and are shelved together. These entries should conform to the minimum standard for books as detailed in Part E.2 of this manual.
[S.C. 5], [S.C. 6]

Videorecordings
When cataloguing videorecordings on ABN, it is permissible to create separate records for technical specifications, e.g. VHS, U-Matic, but it is not permissible to change technical specification data in the physical description and/or appropriate note area on a record which has holdings.
[ABN/SC/1986/RES/28]

1.1COptional addition. General material designation

List 2 is used. See subrule .1C for application of option in each chapter.

1.1E5Other title information in other languages

Apply option.

1.1F11Statements of responsibility in more than one language

Do not apply option.

1.2B4Edition statement lacking

Apply the option if necessary to distinguish between manifestly different editions that otherwise have the same details in the bibliographic description area.

1.2B5Edition statement in more than one language

Do not apply option.

1.2C4Parallel statements of responsibility relating to parallel editionstatements

Do not apply option.

1.2C5Parallel statements of responsibility relating to one edition statement

Do not apply option.

1.2E3Optional addition. Parallel statements of responsibility relating to parallel revised edition statements

Do not apply optional addition.

1.4C Place of publication, distribution, etc.

In tag IMP, subfield 'a', a qualification should be added to a local place name only (according to rule 1.4C3) 'if it is considered necessary for identification or ... to distinguish the place from others of the same name'. The first condition is interpreted to apply to places which are not well known.

Some examples, mostly for Australian places, are given below. For these examples, it is assumed that the local place name appears on the prescribed source, and that the name of the state or country does not.

Melbourne
Sydney
Adelaide
Perth [W.A.]
Newcastle [N.S.W.]
Wollongong
Woolloomooloo
Chippendale [N.S.W.]
London
New York

Where the name of the state or country appears on the prescribed source this can be abbreviated e.g. Peterborough, South Australia' is recorded as 'Peterborough, S. Aust.'.

Where the name of the state or country appears on the prescribed source in a nonstandard abbreviated form, record this form if it is recognisable with no further qualification being necessary e.g. Peterborough, S.A.

Where the name of the state or country does not appear on the prescribed source and the addition is considered necessary, the abbreviation should be recorded from AACR2R Appendix B e.g. Perth [W.A.]

In subfield 'a' of tag IMP, a qualification added to a local place name (where required by rule 1.4C3) should be preceded either by a comma or bracket e.g. Cambridge [England], [Perth, W.A.], or Mitchell, A.C.T. depending on whether the larger place name appears in the prescribed source or not.

1.4C3 Name of country, state, province, etc. in source of information

ABN does not follow the LC rule interpretation of 1.4C3; on the contrary, if a place of publication and the name of its largest jurisdiction(s) appear together in the source from which they are being transcribed, transcribe only as much as is necessary for identification of the place, e.g.

source: Taipei, Taiwan, China
transcription: Taipei

1.4C6 Uncertain place of publication

In tag IMP, subfield 'a', the abbreviation [S.l.] (sine loco) should only be used if the country of publication is completely uncertain. Thus, if the local place of publication is unknown but internal evidence suggests that the work is published in Queensland use [Queensland?] rather than [S.l.]. Similarly if the work is probably published somewhere in Australia, use [Australia?] in preference to [S.l.].

1.4C7 Address of publisher, distributor, etc.

Do not apply option.

1.4D2 Name of publisher, distributor, etc.

Do not apply option.

The abbreviated form Australian Govt. Pub. Service may be used for the Australian Government Publishing Service.

1.4D6 Distributor

Apply option.

1.4EOptional addition.Statement of function of publisher, distributor, etc.

Apply optional addition on a case by case basis.

1.4F5Optional addition. Copyright date

Apply optional addition.

1.4F7 Uncertain publication date

Apply option.

1.4F8 Multipart item dates

Apply option.

1.4G4Optional addition.Place, date of manufacture, name of manufacturer

Apply optional addition on a casebycase basis.

1.5A3 Physical description of other formats

Apply option.

1.5B4 Extent of item

Do not apply option given in c). Apply option given in d) on a case by case basis.

1.5B5 Extent of multipart item

Apply option.

1.5D2 Dimensions of container

Apply option on a case by case basis.

1.5E1Optional addition.Accompanying material

Apply optional addition on a casebycase basis.

1.6 Series area

The Standards Committee has decided that participants' attention should be drawn to the LC interpretation, and that in relation to section 2b: Numbers or letters not associated with a series title, to note that a series title may consist of as little as one alphabetic character. Some examples of acceptable series titles are DHEW, DOE/CS, R, and the British Parliamentary command papers. [S.C. 6]

Library of Congress rule interpretations now require the tracing of all series. This means that the TAG SERU/490 (series not traced) will no longer be input in ABN original cataloguing of high level records. However it may be used by cataloguers in less than high level records to transcribe a series statement where they do not wish to formulate a complex series tracing. The decision on whether a statement is, or is not, a series should be based on the guidelines appearing in the LC rule interpretations. These guidelines are summarised as follows:

1. Sources for series data

a. Information embedded in the text.

1.Preliminaries/Colophon. Generally, accept information embedded within text in the preliminaries or colophon as a source for the series. However, be careful not to include extraneous words in the series title, e.g.:

p. preceding t.p.: Concrete city // is the fourteenth volume // in the Essential poets
series // published by Guernica Editions.

SET-0$av$Essential poets ;$14th v.

If the extraneous data cannot readily be omitted, transcribe the whole statement as aquoted note. Follow the quotation by an indication of its source. Trace the series explicitly, e.g.:note: "A special issue of December magazine, comprising vol. 25, nos. 1-4, 1983" --T.p.versoSAU-0$av$December ;$v. 25.

2.Prefatory matter or text proper. Generally, reject information embedded in prefatory matter or the text proper as a source for the series. Instead, transcribe the information as a quoted note. Follow the quotation by an indication of its source. Do not trace. EXCEPTION : If such information was previously considered to constitute a series, continue to transcribe the information as a series statement ; continue to trace the series ; in addition, record in a general note the source of the series statement, e.g. Series statement from p. xviii.

b. Series statement appears only on jacket or in a bibliography.
If the series has already been established, accept the statement as a series. Enclose the series statement within square brackets. Record in a note the source of the series statement. Trace the series explicitly, e.g.:

SERD     $av    $[Technology tips ;$23]
NOG      $a     $Series statement from jacket.
SAU-0    $av    $Technology tips ;$23.

If the series has not yet been established, reject the statement as a source for the series. Give the statement in a quoted note, e.g.:

NOG     $a      $"Models in aggressive journalism, 5"--Jacket.

If an access point is considered appropriate, use a title added entry without any numbering, e.g.:

AEU0S   $a      $Models in aggressive journalism.

c. Series statement appears on a label or is stamped on the item.
Accept such information as if it were printed in the item. Record in a note the
source of the series statement.

d. Publisher's listing.
Accept a publisher's listing as the source of the series statement only if it is the sole source in the item.

e. Lecture series.
For a named lecture series, accept the name as a series only if:

1.it appears on the item as a series title (i.e. not extracted from another context)
AND

2. it has data that remains constant from issue to issue (same name, same issuing body, etc.)

In case of doubt, reject the name as a series. If rejected as a series, give the name as a note if it has not already been included in the body of the entry. In either case make a title added entry for the name, without numbers or dates, e.g.:

TILA0$a$From morality to religion : being the Gifford lecture delivered at the University of St. Andrews, 1938/
AEU0S$a$Gifford lecture.

NOG$a$"Stephanos Nirmalendu Ghose lectures on comparative religion, 1972- 73"--3rd prelim. p. AEU0S$a$Stephanos Nirmalendu Ghose lectures on comparative religion.

If a named lecture has already been treated as a series under AACR2, reevaluate the original decision. Continue to treat the name as a series if the statement appears on the item as a series title.

f. Series statement appears only in CIP data printed in the book.
Generally ignore such data.

g. Series title combined with monograph title.
If the series title occurs with the monograph title, separate them out and transcribe the series in the normal position. If necessary, omit the connecting preposition, explaining the omission in a note.

t.p.: Committee on Public Undertakings (1981-82) Seventh Lok Sabah
Fiftieth report on Engineering Projects (India) Ltd
TILA0$a$Engineering Projects (India) Ltd
SERD$av$Report / Committee on Public Undertakings ;$7th Lok Sabah, 50th
SACP$abtv$India.$Committee on Public Undertakings.$Report ;$7th Lok Sabah, 50th.

2. Phrases that are not considered series titles

a.If the phrase is essentially a statement (or restatement) of the name of the body from which the item emanated, reject it as a series. Give the phrase in a note if the name of the body is not given elsewhere in the bibliographic record, e.g.:

source: An Evangelical Theological Society Publication.
IMP$abc$Grand rapids :$Zondervan,$c1980.
NOG$a$"An Evangelical Theological Society Publication"

b. If the phrase includes a sub-imprint name, or the name of a subsidiary, division, etc., of a printing firm and is presumed to appear on all items from this arm of the firm, reject it as a series, but quote it in a note if the name is not given in the publication, etc., area, e.g.:

source: A Spectrum Book
IMP$abc$Englewood Cliffs, N.J. :$Prentice-Hall,$c1980.
NOG$a$"A Spectrum book"

c. If the phrase includes the name of an in-house editor, or the name or designation of some other official of the firm, etc., reject it as a series, but quote it as a note, e.g.:

NOG$a$"A Helen and Kurt Wolff book"

d. If the 'phrase' consists of letters or numbers that cannot be associated with a series title, reject it as a series statement if there is evidence that the combination is asssigned to every item or group of items the entity issues for internal control or identification purposes. Give it as a quoted note. In any case of doubt, reject the combination as a series statement.

NOG$a$"UC-13"
NOG$a$"SP-MN"
NOG$a$"DOE/EIA-0031/2"

ABN will make an exception to the LC rule interpretations by allowing cataloguers to trace series retrospectively if required. [ABN/SC/RES/1991/10]

1.7Notes

a. Materials suitable for people with print disabilities

ABN cataloguers are encouraged to supply an NIR field in minimum level records when cataloguing materials which may be used by people with print disabilities if print original bibliographical details can be found from the work in hand or are known.
[ABN/SC/RES/1990/12]

Example

MECP    $ab    $Australia.$Division of National Mapping
TILA0   $ah    $Tactual atlas of Australia${map(tactile)}
IMP     $abc   $Canberra :$Division of National Mapping, Dept of Resources
and Energy,${1987-}
COL     $abce  $ 1 atlas (various pagings of print and braille):$maps ;$30 cm.
x 42 cm. + 42 cm +$2 books of commentaries (28 cm.)
NIRN    $ptc   $Transcribed from:$Atlas of Australian Resources, 3rd series / 
Division of National Mapping,$Canberra : The Division, 1980-

b. Materials for people with limited language and literacy skills

Libraries acquiring 'easy to read' materials for people with limited language and literacy skills are encouraged to supply the standard note as described below when cataloguing such materials on the ANBD.'Easy to read' materials can be manifested in large print, standard print, braille, audio media, film media, computer files, or a combination of these.

The following practices are recomended;

- the general note (NOG) should be used to designate easy to read materials
- the text of the note should include the standard phrase ' Easy to read' as a means of identifying the type of material.
- information about the targeted age group/audience should be included in the appropriate note field.

Example:

NOG     $a $Easy to read.
NTU     $a $Targeted for adults with intellectual disability.

c. Australian interest

Cataloguers are permitted to optionally add a note to indicate that a work published overseas has Australian authorship or Australian subject matter, so that the record can be selected for inclusion in Recent Australian Publications (RAP). The NOQ tag is used for this note with text 'RAP. Australian interest'. For further instructions see NOQ in the ABN Data Preparation Maunual Part 2. [ABN/SC/1997/RES/3]

1.8B2 Standard numbers

Apply option.

1.8DOptional addition.Terms of availability

Apply optional addition for current items.

1.8E1 Qualification

Apply option.

1.10 Items made up of several types of material

The application of this rule requires a decision to be made on whether one of the components predominates. It is acknowledged that this is often difficult to decide and that opinions may differ, but the decision should be based upon the cataloguer's judgement of which component, if any, is the most important. Hard and fast rules cannot be set. Slides for example may simply provide background 'mood' images to support the sound. In other cases slides may predominate, with the sound being reduced to a brief identifying commentary.

The item should be treated as a kit, (rule 1.10C), only if it cannot reasonably be seen to have a predominant component.

1.10C2Physical description of multipart items

The instruction in AACR2R is to use the first method of description in this rule only if no further physical description of each item is desired, e.g.
1 sound cassette, 24 slides, 1 booklet.

The Standards Committee has extended the provisions of this rule to allow the first method of description also to be used when further physical description of the individual items is desired. The physical description should be formulated as described in rule 1.5E1, method d), optional addition, e.g.
1 sound cassette (30 min. : 3 3/4 ips, mono.), 24 slides (col.), 1 booklet (21 p. ; 25 cm.)

Apply the options given in 1.10C2 on a casebycase basis.

1.11 ABN will follow AACR2R rule 1.11 and Chapter 11 only for cataloguing original publications in microform. When cataloguing microforms which are reproductions of previously published materials, ABN will follow the Library of Congress rule interpretations for Chapter 11. [ABN/SC/1993/RES/2]

Part B.2: AACR2R Chapter 2: Books, pamphlets, and printed sheets

2.1COptional addition.General material designation

Apply optional addition, but do not use [text] for printed material.

2.2B3 Edition statement lacking

Apply the option if necessary to distinguish between manifestly different editions that otherwise have the same details in the bibliographic description area.

2.2B4 Edition statement in more than one language

Do not apply option.

2.4EOptional addition. Statement of function of publisher, distributor, etc.

Apply optional addition on a casebycase basis.

2.4G2Optional addition. Place, date of printing, name of printer

Apply optional addition on a casebycase basis.

2.5B7 Unnumbered pages or leaves

For high level records on ABN, AACR2 rule 2.5B7 should be followed. For minimum level records, cataloguers may follow the LC rule interpretation and record the extent statement as '1 v. (unpaged)' [ABN/SC/1990/RES/2]

2.5B8 Complicated or irregular paging.

For high level records on ABN, AACR2 rule 2.5B8 should be followed. For minimum level records, cataloguers may follow the LC rule interpretation and apply method 'c' only.
[ABN/SC/1990/RES/2]

2.5B9 Looseleaf publication

2.5B21Optional addition. Pagination

For high level records on ABN the optional addition should be applied. For minimum level records, cataloguers may follow the LC rule interpretation and not apply the optional addition.
[ABN/SC/1990/RES/2]

2.5C1 Illustrative matter

2.5C2 For high level recordson ABN, AACR2 rules 2.5C1 and 2.5C2 should be followed. For minimum level records, cataloguers may follow the LC rule interpretation and use 'ill.' to describe all illustrated printed monographs unless 2.5C6 is applicable. [ABN/SC/1990/RES/2]

2.7 Notes

a. Materials suitable for people with print disabilities

ABN cataloguers are encouraged to supply an NIR field in minimum level records when cataloguing materials which may be used by people with print disabilities if print original bibliographical details can be found from the work in hand or are known .

Example: 
MEPS     $ad     $Hunter, Norman, 1899-
TILAO    $ahbc   $Professor Branestawn round the bend${[braille} 
$and other incredible adventures /$Norman Hunter.
IMP      $abc    $Enfield, N.S.W.:$Royal Blind Society,$1989.
COL      $a      $2 v. of interpoint braille.
NIRN     $pcnnz  $Ed.transcribed:$London : Puffin, 1980.
$Originally published: London Bodley,
1977.$For children. --$ISBN 0140311564

b. Materials for people with limited language and literacy skills

Libraries acquiring 'easy to read' materials for people with limited language and literacy skills are encouraged to supply the standard note as described below when cataloguing such materials on the ANBD. 'Easy to read' materials can be manifested in large print, standard print, braille, audio media, computer files, or a combination of these.

The following practices are recomended:

-the general note (NOG) should be used to designate easy to read materials
-the text of the note should include the standard phrase 'Easy to read' as a means of identifying
the type of material
-information about the targeted age group/audience should be included in the appropriate note
field, [ABN/SC/RES/1991/7]

Example:
NOG     $a    $Easy to read.
NTU     $a    $Targeted for non English speaking students.

c. Australian interest

Cataloguers are permitted to optionally add a note to indicate that a work published overseas has Australian authorship or Australian subject matter, so that the record can be selected for inclusion in Recent Australian Publication Publications (RAP). The NOQ tag is used for this note with text 'RAP. Australian interest'. For further instructions see NOQ in the ABN Data Preparation Manual Part 2. [ABN/SC/1997/RES/3]

2.7B18 Contents Bibliography note and Indexes

For high level records on ABN, AACR2 rule 2.7B18 should be followed. For minimum level records, cataloguers may follow the LC rule interpretation and use the note 'Includes bibliographical references' to indicate the presence of bibliographical citations in any form. Minimum level records may also omit the note indicating the presence of an index. [ABN/SC/1990/RES/2]

2.8COptional addition.Terms of availability

Apply optional addtion for current items

2.16 Publication, etc., area

Apply options under rules 2.16C, E, and F.

2.17B1 Illustrations

Apply option on a casebycase basis, whenever the information is significant.

2.18C Bibliographic references

Apply option whenever the edition being catalogued is the edition listed, and the information is readily available in a standard list.

Part B.3: AACR2R Chapter 3: Cartographic materials

3.1COptional addition. General material designation

Apply the optional addition.

3.2B4 Edition statement in more than one language

Do not apply option.

3.3B2Optional addition. Additional scale information

Apply optional addition.

3.3C2Optional addition.Phrases associated with projection statement

Apply optional addition.

3.3DOptional addition. Statement of coordinates and equinox

Apply optional addition.

3.3D1 Other meridians

Apply option.

3.4D1 Name of publisher, distributor, etc.

Apply option.

3.4EOptional addition. Statement of function of publisher, distributor, etc.

Apply optional addition on a casebycase basis.

3.4G2Optional addition.Place, date of printing, name of printer

Apply optional addition on a casebycase basis.

3.5D3 Relief models

Apply option.

3.7 Notes

a. Materials suitable for people with print disabilities

ABN cataloguers are encouraged to supply an NIR field in minimum level records when cataloguing materials which may be used by people with print disabilities if print original bibliographical details can be found from the work in hand or are known.
[ABN/SC/RES/1990/12]

Example:
MECP    $ab    $Australia.$Division of National Mapping
TILA0   $ah    $Tactual atlas of Australia${map(tactile)}
IMP     $abc   $Canberra :$Division of National Mapping, Dept of 
Resources and Energy,${1987-}
COL     $abce  $1 atlas (various pagings of print and braille):
$maps ;$30 cm. x 42 cm. + 42 cm. +$2 books of 
commentaries (28 cm.) 
NIRN    $ptc   $Transcribed from:$Atlas of Australian Resources. 3rd series / 
Division of National Mapping,$Canberra : The Division, 1980-

3.8DOptional addition. Terms of availability

Apply optional addition for current items.

Part B.4: AACR2R Chapter 4: Manuscripts

4.1COptional addition. General material designation

Apply optional addition.

4.1F2Optional addition.Statements of responsibility

Apply optional addition.

4.4B1 Date of manuscript

Apply option.

4.5B1Optional addition.Extent of single manuscripts

Do not apply optional addition.

Part B.5: AACR2R Chapter 5: Music

5.1COptional addition. General material designation

Apply the optional addition.

5.2B4 Edition statement in more than one language

Do not apply option.

5.3Optional area. Musical presentation statement area

Apply optional area.

5.3B1Musical presentation statement in more than one language

Do not apply option.

5.4D1 Name of publisher, distributor, etc.

Apply option.

5.4EOptional addition. Statement of function of publisher, distributor, etc.

Apply optional addition on a casebycase basis.

5.4G2Optional addition.Place, date of printing, name of printer

Apply optional addition on a casebycase basis.

5.7 Notes

a. Materials suitable for people with print disabilities

ABN cataloguers are encouraged to supply an NIR field in minimum level records when cataloguing materials which may be used by people with print disabilities if print original bibliographical details can be found from the work in hand or are known.
[ABN/SC/RES/1990/12]

b. Australian interest

Cataloguers are permitted to optionally add a note to indicate that a work published overseas has Australian authorship or Australian subject matter, so that the record can be selected for inclusion in Recent Australian Publications (RAP). The NOQ tag is used for this note with text 'RAP. Australian interest'. For further instructions see NOQ in the ABN Data Preparation Maunual Part 2. [ABN/SC/1997/RES/3]

5.8DOptional addition. Terms of availability

Apply optional addition for current items.

Part B.6: AACR2R Chapter 6: Sound recordings

6.1COptional addition.General material designation

Apply optional addition.

6.2B4 Edition statement in more than one language

Do not apply option.

6.4D1 Name of publisher, distributor, etc.

Apply option.

6.4EOptional addition. Statement of function of publisher, distributor, etc.

Apply optional addition on a casebycase basis.

6.4G2Optional addition. Place, date of manufacture, name of manufacturer

Apply optional addition on a casebycase basis.

6.5B1 Extent of item (including specific material designation)

In addition to the system requirement note required by AACR2R (6.7B10), ABN cataloguers are permitted and advised to add the abbreviated system detail in the collation, e.g. 1 sound disc (CD)
[ABN/SC/1989/RES/12]

6.5C8Optional addition.Recording and reproduction characteristics

Apply the optional addition, whenever the information would be needed for selecting playback equipment.

6.7 Notes

a. Materials suitable for people with print disabilities

ABN cataloguers are encouraged to supply an NIR field in minimum level records when cataloguing materials which may be used by people with print disabilities if print original bibliographical details can be found from the work in hand or are known.
[ABN/SC/RES/1990/12]

Example:

MEPS    $a     $Barley, Nigel
TILA4   $ahbc  $The innocent anthropologist${sound recording}$notes from a mud hut /$Nigel Barley
IMP     $abc   $Melbourne :$Royal Victorian Institute for the BlindTertiary Resource Service,$1987.
COL     $ab    $2 sound cassettes (9 hr.) :$15/16 ips,4 track, mono. 
NIRN    $pcz   $Ed. recorded:$London : British Museum Publications, 
$1983. --ISBN 071480548

b. Materials for people with limited language and literacy skills

Libraries acquiring 'easy to read' materials for people with limited language and literacy skills are encouraged to supply the standard note as described below when cataloguing such materials on the ANBD. 'Easy to read' materials can be manifested in large print, standard print, braille, audio media, film media, computer files, or a combination of these.

The following practices are recomended:

- the general note (NOG) should be used to designate easy to read materials
- the text of the note should include the standard phrase 'Easy to read' as means of indentifying the type of material
- information about the targeted age group/audience should be included in the appropriate note field.
[ABN/SC/RES/1991/7]

Example: 
NOG     $a     $Easy to read.
NTU     $a     $Targeted for children with visual and hearing impairments.

6.7B10 See 6.5B1

6.8DOptional addition.Terms of availability

Apply optional addition for current items.

Part B.7: AACR2R Chapter 7: Motion pictures and videorecordings

7.0 Manifestations

Videorecordings
When cataloguing videorecordings on ABN, it is permissible to create separate records for technical specifications, e.g. VHS, U-Matic, but it is not permissible to change technical specification data in the physical description and/or appropriate note area on a record which has holdings. [ABN/SC/1986/RES/28]

7.1B2 Unedited material and newsfilm

Apply option on a case-by-case basis.

7.1COptional addition. General material designation

Apply optional addition.

7.1C2 General material designation

For interactive videodiscs it will be usual to treat the videodisc as the dominant component, with a GMD of videorecording. Details of the controlling system or software may be given in a system requirements note (NOG) in accordance with the format specified inAACR2 9.7B1

Create separate records for each version of the interactive videodisc having different system requirements.

If the controlling system or software is capable of standing alone, it is permissible to create a separate bibliographic record with the GMD of computer file.
[ABN/SC/1990/RES/17]

7.2B4 Edition statement in more than one language

Do not apply option.

7.4D1 Name of publisher, distributor, etc.

Details of distributors are to be entered in the note area (rule 7.7B9) rather than the publication area unless the data relating to the distributors is the only information available for the publication area. Any distributor details in the publication area may be removed to the note area. However, videos captioned by different distributors are separate editions and should have a separate record.
[ABN/SC/1988/RES/17]

7.4EOptional addition. Statement of function of publisher, distributor, etc.

Apply optional addition.

7.4F2 Original production date

Apply option.

7.5B1 Extent of item (including specific material designation)

In addition to the system requirement note required by AACR2R (7.7B10), ABN cataloguers are permitted and advised to add the abbreviated system detail in the collation, e.g.
1 videocassette (VHS)
1 videodisc (CD video) [ABN/SC/1989/RES/12]

7.7 Notes

a. Materials suitable for people with print disabilities

ABN cataloguers are encouraged to supply an NIR field in minimum level records when cataloguing materials which may be used by people with print disabilities if print original bibliographical details can be found from the work in hand or are known,
[ABN/SC/RES/1990/12]

Example:

MEU     $a    $Phantom of the opera (Motion picture) 
TILN4   $ah   $The Phantom of the opera${videorecording}
IMP     $abc  ${Bondi Beach, N.S.W.} :$Hollywood House Video,$c1982 
NOG     $a    $Facsimile of feature film.
NOG     $a    $Captioned in English.
NIR     $ptc  $Transcribed from:$The phantom of the opera
{videorecording} $United States : Universal Pictures,1925.

b. Materials for people with limited language and literacy skills

Libraries acquiring 'easy to read' materials for people with limited languages and literacy skills are encouraged to supply the standard note as described below when cataloguing such materials on the ANBD. 'Easy to read' materials can be manifested in large print, standard print, braille, audio media film media, computer files, or a combination of these.

The following practices are recomended:

- the general note (NOG) should be used to designate easy to read materials
- the text of the note should include the standard phrase 'Easy to read' as a means of identifying the type of material
- information about the targeted age group/audience should be included in the appropriate note field
[ABN/SC/RES/1991/7]

Example: 
NOG     $a    $Easy to read
NTU     $a    $Targeted for adults with intellectual disability.

7.7B9 See 7.4D1

7.7B10 See 7.5B1

7.8DOptional addition.Terms of availability

Apply optional addition.

Part B.8: AACR2R Chapter 8: Graphic materials

8.1COptional addition.General material designation

Apply optional addition.

8.2B4 Edition statement in more than one language

Do not apply option.

8.4EOptional addition.Statement of function of publisher, distributor, etc.

Apply optional addition on a casebycase basis.

8.4G2Optional addition.Place, name of manufacturer, and/or date of manufacture

Apply optional addition.

8.5B1 Extent of item (including specific material designation)

The ABN Standards Committee has adopted the following list of specific material designations as an interim network standard for the description of pictorial material. These terms may be used in addition to those already specified in the rule.

Single items                        Collective itemspainting                            sketchbook
watercolour                         album
drawing
print
collage
photomechanical reproduction

8.5C1g) Photographs

Apply option on a casebycase basis.

8.8DOptional addition. Terms of availability

Apply optional addition for current items.

Part B.9: AACR2R Chapter 9: Computer files

9.0 Electronic publications

Note that OCLC guidelines for the bibliographic description of Internet resources, Draft version, November 1992, has now been published in its final version as Cataloguing Internet resources:a manual and practical guide, edited by Nancy B. Olson, c1995, and is available via the Internet from OCLC.

Please note the use of fields TED and ELA, Electronic Location and Access in the sample record which follows.

See Part B.12 for guidelines on cataloguing electronic journals. [ABN/SC/1994/RES/4]

om abn96-160300 db 05/24/96 05/29/96 10/29/96 ANL:NR ANL

MECN     ¦a    ¦National Library of Australia.
TILA4    ¦ah   ¦The National Library of Australia¦{computer file}
ELAS     ¦u2   ¦http://www.nla.gov.au/¦http
IMP      ¦abc  ¦Canberra :¦National Library of Australia,¦{1995}-
NOG      ¦a    ¦Title from title display.
NOA      ¦a    ¦World Wide Web site of the National Library of
Australia. Contains information on the organisation and
its services and collections, Australian government resources 
and other resources of interest to library users. Provides
access to the National Library of Australia's Online Public
Access Catalogue (OPAC).
TED      ¦a    ¦Mode of access: Internet and World Wide Web 
Available at: http://www.nla.gov.au/
TYF      ¦a    ¦Text
SUCNL    ¦ax   ¦National Library of Australia¦Catalogs.
SUCNL    ¦ax   ¦National Library of Australia¦Information services.
SUCNL    ¦a    ¦National Library of Australia.
SUT-L    ¦azx  ¦Library resources¦Australia¦Information services. +
SUT-L    ¦ax   ¦Internet (Computer network)¦Information services.
VATAA    ¦a    ¦National Library of Australia home page
GAC      ¦a    ¦u-at----
DDCF     ¦a2   ¦027.594¦20
CAS      ¦ac   ¦ANL¦ANL
LON      ¦a    ¦(atABN)12276761
IMM      ¦a    ¦abn96158600
0FFD LENGTH= TY MAT= z TECH= ME IN B=
INTEL LV= DATE KY= m DATE 1= 1995 DATE2= 9999 LAN= eng
CNTRY= aca MODREC= CAT S= d GOV PUB= f CAT FORM= a

9.1COptional addition. General material designation

Apply optional addition.

9.1C2 General material designation

For interactive videodiscs it will be usual to treat the videodisc as the dominant component, with a GMD of videorecording. Details of the controlling system or software may be given in a system requirements note (NOG) in accordance with the format specified inAACR2 9.7B1

Create separate records for each version of the interactive videodisc having different system requirements.

If the controlling system or software is capable of standing alone, it is permissible to create a separate bibliographic record with the GMD of computer file.
[ABN/SC/1990/RES/17]

9.2B2 Acknowledging the need for guidelines in applying AACR2 rule 9.2B2 to superseding and cumulating CD ROMs, the Standards Committee considers that the word 'version' does not necessarily imply that the work is a new edition, and one record may be created for all 'version' of such a CD ROM. The CD ROM may be treated as a monograph or a serial according to the usual standards, depending on the intention of the publisher.
[ABN/SC/1995/RES/14]

9.2B6 Edition statement in more than one language

Do not apply option.

9.4EOptional addition. Statement of function of publisher, distributor, etc.

Apply optional addition on a casebycase basis.

9.7 Notes

a. Materials suitable for people with print disabilities

ABN cataloguers are encouraged to supply an NIR field in minimum level records when cataloguing materials which may be used by people with print disabilities if print original bibliographical details can be found from the work in hand or are known.
[ABN/SC/RES/1990/12]

Example : 
MEPF     $a    $Arrian.
TIL04    $ahc  $The campaigns of Alexander${computer file} /$Arrian ;
translated by Aubrey de Selincourt ; rev. with a new introd.
and notes by J. R. Hamilton.
IMP      $ab   $Melbourne :$Royal Victorian Institute for the Blind. Tertiary Resource Service
COL      $ac   $Computer disk ; 5 1/4 in.
NIR      $pcz  $Ed. transcribed:$Harmondsworth Penguin, 1971. --
$ISBN 0140442537

b. Materials for people with limited language and literacy skills

Libraries acquiring 'easy to read' materials for people with limited language and literacy skills are encouraged to supply the standard note as described below when cataloguing such materials on the ANBD. Easy to read' materials can be manifested in large print, standard print, braille, audio media, film media, computer files, or a combination of these.

The following practices are recomended:

- the general note (NOG) should be used to designate easy to read materials
- the text of the note should include the standard phrase. 'Easy to read' as a means of identifying the type of material
- information about the targeted age group/audience should be included in the appropriate note field.
[ABN/SC/RES/1991/7]

Example: 
NOG     $a $Easy to read.
NTU     $a $Targeted for adults with visual and hearing impairments.

c. Australian interest

Cataloguers are permitted to optionally add a note to indicate that a work published overseas has Australian authorship or Australian subject matter, so that the record can be selected for inclusion in Recent Australian Publications (RAP). The NOQ tag is used for this note with text 'RAP. Australian interest'. For further instructions see NOQ in the ABN Data Preparation Maunual Part 2. [ABN/SC/1997/RES/3]

9.8DOptional addition. Terms of availability

Apply optional addition for current items.

Part B.10: AACR2R Chapter 10: Three dimensional artifacts and realia

10.1COptional addition. General material designation

Apply optional addition.

10.2B4 Edition statement in more than one language

Do not apply option.

10.4EOptional addition. Statement of function of publisher, distributor, etc.

Apply optional addition on a casebycase basis.

10.4G3Optional addition.Place, name of manufacturer, and/or date of manufacture

Apply optional addition.

10.5B2Details of component pieces

Apply option on a casebycase basis.

10.7 Notes

a. Materials suitable for people with print disabilities

ABN cataloguers are encouraged to supply an NIR field in minimum level records when cataloguing materials which may be used by people with print disabilities if print original bibliographical details can be found from the work in hand or are known.
[ABN/SC/RES/1990/12]

10.8DOptional addition.Terms of availability

Apply optional addition for current items.

Part B.11: AACR2R Chapter 11: Microforms

ABN will follow AACR2R rule 1.11 and Chapter 11 only for cataloguing original publications in microform. When cataloguing microforms which are reproductions of previously published materials, ABN will follow the Library of Congress rule interpretations for Chapter 11. [ABN/SC/1993/RES/2]

When cataloguing microreproductions of materials prepared or assembled specifically for bringing out an original edition in microform, do not follow these instructions. Catalogue according to AACR2 Chapter 11.

Follow these instructions for microform reproductions, for example:

This section contains two sets of instructions which are very similar:

(1) Instructions for cataloguing microform reproductions generally

(2) Specific instructions for cataloguing preservation microform reproductions and copies generated from that master.

This set of instructions contains the same instructions as the first, together with some extra instructions necessary for cataloguing preservation microform masters.

Instructions for Cataloguing Microform Reproductions

1. Bibliographic data

Transcribe the bibliographic data appropriate to the original work being reproduced in the following areas:

2. General material designation

Add the general material designation '[microform]' after the title proper.

3. NOX field

A NOX field is only required when it is the preservation microform master being catalogued or when a library is reporting an intention to produce a preservation microform master (see later section). One record is shared for three generations of microform, and therefore a NOX field is not added for second or third generation microforms.

Give in a single note all other details relating to the reproduction and the publication/availability of the master. Include in the note the following bibliographic data in the order listed:

4. DFF field

The generation of the microform should be identified in the DFF field, character position 11. A
separate DFF field should be used for each generation of microform, although it is not
compulsory to include a DFF field when cataloguing service copies (third generation or working
copies).

5. Multiple filmings of a serial

In order to simplify access to records for the preservation of microform masters and service copies, the Standards Committee recommends that multiple filmings of a serial be described in one bibliographic record, using the following guidelines:

6. Holdings statement

When completing holdings statements for microforms, cataloguers should identify first generation and printing masters by including the appropriate designation in brackets at the end of the holdings statement. It is optional to identify service copies in holdings statements.

There are different terms for the three generations of preservation microforms:

1. First generation master
2. Printing master (also described as Second generation or copying master)
3. Service copy (also described as Third generation or working copy)

ABN Standards Committee recommends this terminology although it is not compulsory to use it. [ABN/SC/1994/RES/7]

Example:

as abn89-152639 db 06/19/89 11/13/89 10/04/91 NSL:M ANL-S
TILN4    |ah        |The Gundagai independent|{microform}
DATX     |az        |Began in Aug. 1928.|Cf. Newspapers in Australian Libraries.
IMPN     |ab        |Gundagai, N.S.W. :|Patrick John Sullivan.
COL      |ac        |v. :|63 cm.
NOX      |ambcde7   |Microfilm.|Jan. 1929-Dec. 1949.|Canberra, A.C.T. :
Produced for National Library of Australia by W. & F. Pascoe :
Available from W. & F. Pascoe, 1992.|12 reels : safety base, 
diacetate ; 35 mm.|m19291949xnan a
SUG-L    |ax        |Gundagai (N.S.W.)|Newspapers
DFF      |a         |hdubfb---baad
DFF      |a         |hdubfb---baba
PHYX     |tcw       |Gundagai independent|original|abn89-152616
PRENC    |t         |Gundagai independent and pastoral, agricultural and mining advocate
PRENA    |t         |Gundagai times and Tumut, Adelong and Murrumbidgee district advertiser
CAS      |acd       |ANL-S|ANL-S|NSL:R
LON      |a         |(atABN)6423770
IMM      |a         |abn89142009
FFD PUB STAT= c BEG DT= 1928 END D= 9999 CNTRY= xna FREQ= c
REGLTY= r ISDS= TYPE SER= n PHY MED= e REPRO= a
TYPE MAT= CONTENTS= GOV PB= CONF= TI PG= u
INDEX= u CUM IND= u ORG ALPH= a SL ENTRY= MOD REC=
CAT S= d CAT FORM= a LAN= eng

Note: The new Library of Congress guidelines for linking bibliographic records for micro reproductions to records for originals also apply in these circumstances. These guidelines appear in CSB 55. The guidelines recommend that the coded data in field 008 (FFD) should reflect the original, except for 008/32 (REPRO in ABN) which should reflect the reproduction. A REPRO code 'a' for microfilm has been used in this example.

HOLDINGS DISPLAY

1. The Gundagai independent {microform} abn89-152616

ANL Jan. 24, 1929-Dec. 28, 1949      Cold store mfm NX 156 (first generation master)
ANL Jan. 24, 1929-Dec. 29, 1949      mfm NX 156 (printing master)
ANL Jan. 24, 1929-Dec. 28, 1949      mfm NX 156 (service copy)
SXX Jan. 24, 1929-Dec. 28, 1949      Micro Z39.50 (service copy)

In the above example, the first DFF field indicates a first generation master (which is reflected in the first ANL holding) and the second DFF field indicates a printing master (which is reflected in the second ANL holding). It is not necessary to include a DFF field for a service copy generation. The inclusion of the words "service copy" in the holdings statement is optional.

In addition, the above example contains subfield '7' in the NOX field - use of this subfield is optional.

It is hoped that these guidelines will help prevent duplication of preservation microfilming activity. However if more than one preservation microform master is produced for a title because different periods of the title are being covered, then a separate record should be made for each time period covered. The time period covered is shown in the 'm' subfield of the NOX field.

Reporting preservation intentions to the National Bibliographic Database

Institutions are encouraged to report to the ANBD their intentions toproduce preservation microform masters. This can be done via subfield 'd' in the NOX field or via a general note (NOG) in an interim record. Once production is underway, the information may optionally be updated to reflect progress.

Examples:

NOX   |ambcd   |Microfilm.|Sept. 1898-Dec. 1918.|Canberra, A.C.T. :
|National Library of Australia,|Production planned 1994.
NOX   |ambcd   |Microfilm.|Sept. 1898-Dec. 1918.|Balgowlah, N.S.W. :|W. & F. 
Pascoe for National Library of Australia,|Production commenced 
August 1994.
NOX   |ambcd   |Microfilm.|Sept. 1898-Dec. 1918.|Balgowlah, N.S.W. :|W. & F. Pascoe
for National Library of Australia,|Production commenced August 
1994, completion expected March 1995.

The above examples show the same record amended to reflect progress beyond the planning stage. When production reaches each new stage, the NOX field of the record may be updated so that all ANBD users are aware of the progress. Reporting progress is not mandatory . It is up to each institution to decide whether it will report projects in progress, and if so, whether it will also report the different stages of production. However, it is important to report the initial intention to produce a preservation microform master. The National Preservation Office (NPO) conference in Adelaide in May 1994 passed the following resolution:

That Australian libraries catalogue their preservation microform masters on the Australian National Bibliographic Database and report planned microfilming projects, in accordance with the ANBD standard.

Preservation Microform Masters

The following pages contain new instructions and guidelines concerned with preservation microform masters.

ABN/SC/1993/RES/21
The Standards Committee recommends that the interim ABN standard for cataloguing preservation microform masters should be based on a two record approach, with one bibliographic record for the original work, and a second bibliographic record for the preservation microform master and all other microform copies generated from that master.

ABN/SC/1994/RES/6
The Standards Committee recommends that when cataloguing first generation preservation microform masters, and reproductions based upon them, field 533 should be used for describing the first generation preservation microform master.

ABN/SC/1994/RES/7
The Standards Committee recommends that when cataloguing first generation preservation microform masters, or printing masters which have been reproduced from them, the generation of the microform should be identified in a separate 007/DFF field for each generation of microform, and the location of the first generation master and the second generation printing master should be identified in a note in parentheses after the holdings statement.

While it is recognised that a variety of terms are used to identify the three generations of microform reproduction, the preferred terminology for use in the holdings statement is the terminology used in the USMARC format, namely 'first generation master' for the first generation, or 'printing master' for the second generation.

When cataloguing third generation ('service copies') of preservation microform masters, a separate 007/DFF field may be supplied, although it is not required that service copies be identified in either the 007/DFF field or the holdings statement.

ABN/SC/1994/RES/8
The Standards Committee recommends that, in order to coordinate the national effort in producing preservation microfilm masters of works in Australian collections, institutions undertaking preservation microfilming should report their intentions to the ANBD, by means of a note in field 533/NOX, or in the case of an interim record, by means of a general note (500/NOG).

ABN/SC/1995/RES/8
The Standards Committee recommends that catalogue records for preservation microform masters should include a note to identify the use of acetate base films so that the rate of deterioration of masters can be monitored. The note should be provided in field 533/NOX, subfield 'e'.

11.1COptional addition. General material designation
Apply optional addition, use [microform].

11.2B4 Edition statement in more than one language
Do not apply option.

11.4EOptional addition. Statement of function of publisher, distributor, etc.
Apply optional addition on a casebycase basis.

11.5B1 Extent of item
Do not apply option.

11.7 Notes

a. Australian print

Cataloguers are permitted to optionally add to a note to indicate that a work published overseas has Australian authorship or Australian subject matter, so that the record can be selected for inclusion in Recent Australian Publications (RAP). The NOQ tag is used for this note with text 'RAP. Australian interest'. For further instructions see NOQ in the ABN Data Preparation Manual Part 2. [ABN/SC/1997/RES/3]

11.8DOptional addition. Terms of availability

Apply optional addition for current items.

Part B.12: AACR2 Chapter 12 Serials

12.0 General rules

a. Non-print serials

The Standards Committee in principle adopts the Library of Congress practice for cataloguing non-print serials, i.e. that they be catalogued primarily in terms of their physical format, with seriality expressed as an additional characteristics. However, LC policy is currently under review and may be modified, pending the outcome of MARBI coding of electronic items. The Committee therefore recommends that until LC policy is finally decided. ABN cataloguers continue to follow current ABN policy, permitting non-print serial to be catalogued in any form
[ABN/SC/1997/RES/2]

b. Electronic journals

The Standards Committee has recomended that the following be adopted as provisional guidelines for cataloguing electronic journals: [ABN/SC/1994/RES/4]

General material designation
{Computer file} should be used as the GMD in accordance with AACR2 instructions.

Specific material designation
"electronic journal" may be used in the collection field to indicate the nature of the publication. When included in the collation, it will appear in the ABN brief citation as well as the full. bibliographic display:

Examples:

1. Elecronic antiquity {computer file} : communicating the classics / University of Tasmania, Australia. Vol. 1, issue 1 (June 1993)- {Hobart} : University of Tasmania. electronic journal. abn94-016019

2. CLIONET {computer file} : the Australian electronic journal of history. Vol. 1, no. 1 (Mar. 1993)- {Townsville, Qld. : James Cook University of North Queensland, Dept. of History and Politics}, 1993- electronic journal. abn94-032339

Mode of access
Information relating to the mode of access should be included for remote access files (AACR2 9.7B1c). This may include whether access is free, where subscriptions can be placed or other message information. The PRI field may used for details of cost or to indicate free access.

The TED field should be used to indicate the mode of access.
The ELA field shouls be used for electronic address if applicable.

Examples:

Available online via Internet: gopher info utas. edu.au; select Publications opinion.

Available online via Internet by sending a subscription request to the address:
hipgt@marlin.jcu.edu.au; also available via Internet: gopher marlin.jcu.edu.au, select JCU Academic Departments option, then select History option; also available via FTP.

Summary note
A summary note should be included to convey the purpose and content of the item (AACR2 9.7B17 & 9.7B18) unless they are obvious from the title or subtitle.

Source of title note
A source of title note should be included (AACR2 9.7B3)

Example of a catalogue record for an electronic journal:

as abn94-16019 db 01/18/94 01/18/94 02/03/94 ANL-SER ANL-S
TILN0   |ahbc  |Electronic antiquity|{computer file} :|communicating 1.2.C2 
the classics /|University of Tasmania, Australia. 
DATN    |a     |Vol. 1, issue 1 (June 1993)-
IMPNR   |ab    |{Hobart} :|University of Tasmania.
COL     |a     |electronic journal.
NOG     |a     |Title from title screen. 9.7B3 
NOQ     |a     |ANB94/04i
TED     |a     |Available online via INTERNET
ELAR    |adfz  |info.utas.edu.au|select publications optional| 
Electronic antiquity|also available via FTP
SUT-L   |ax    |Civilization, Ancient|Periodicals.
SUT-L   |ax    |Civilization, Classical|Periodicals.
SUT-L   |ax    |Classical philology|Periodicals.
SUT-L   |ax    |Classical antiquities|Periodicals.
SUT-L   |ax    |Philosophy|Periodicals.
AECNA   |a     |University of Tasmania.
PRI     |a     |Free
FRQ     |a     |Monthly
KEYS0   |a     |Electronic antiquity
ABBN    |a     |Electron. antiq
SSN     |a     |1320-3606
DDCF    |a2    |930.05|20
CAS     |ac    |ANL-S|ANL-S
LON     |a     |(atABN)10668904
LCDN    |x     |3
IMM     |a     |abn94016007
FFD PUB STAT= c BEG DT= 1993 END D= 9999 CNTRY= tma FREQ= m
REGLTY= r ISDS= 3 TYPE SER= p PHY MED= z REPRO=
TYPE MAT= CONTENTS= GOV PB= CONF= TI PG=
INDEX= u CUM IND= u ORG ALPH= a SL ENTRY= MOD REC=
CAT S= d CAT FORM= a LAN= eng

Holdings statement
The holdings statement should indicate that the journal is available electronically.

Example:

ANL   Vol. 1, issue 1- June 1993-     {Available electronically : Ask at Information 
Desk}
Electronic journal.

12.7 Notes

a. Materials suitable for people with print disabilities

ABN cataloguers are encouraged to supply an NIR field in minimum level record when cataloguing materials which may be used by people with print disabilities if print original bibliographical details can be found from the work in hand or are known. [ABN/SC/RES/1990/12}

Example: 
MEU     $a      $Link-up (Canberra, A.C.T.)
TILN0   $ahc    $Link-up${sound recording} /$National Library of Australia.
DATX    $a      $Began in 1981
IMPNR   $abfg   $Canberra :$National Library of Australia.${Burwood, 
N.S.W.}$Royal Blind Society of New South Wales) 
COL     $a      $sound cassettes
NIR     $ptcnx  $Recorded from:$Link-up.$Canberra : National Library of Australia. 
$Began 1980. --$ISSN 0158- 5460

b. Materials for people with limited language and literacy skills

Libraries acquiring 'easy to read' materials for people with limited language and literacy skills are encouraged to supply the standard note as described below when cataloguing such materials on the ANBD. 'Easy to read' materials can be manifested in large print, standard print, braille, audio media, film media, computer files, or a combination of these.

The following practices are recomended:
- the general note (NOG) should be used to designate easy to read materials
- the text of the note should include the standard phrase 'Easy to read' as a means of identifying the type of material
- Information about the targeted age group/audience should be included in the appropriate note field. [ABN/SC/RES/1991/7]

Example:
NOG     $a    $Easy to read.
NTU     $a    $Targeted for non English speaking students.

c. Australian print

Cataloguers are permitted to optionally add to a note to indicate that a work published overseas has Australian authorship or Australian subject matter, so that the record can be selected for inclusion in Recent Australian Publications (RAP). The NOQ tag is used for this note with text 'RAP. Australian interest'. For further instructions see NOQ in the ABN Data Preparation Manual Part 2.
[ABN/SC/1997/RES/3]

Part B.13: AACR2R Chapter 13 Analysis

The ABN Standards Committee has agreed to the following definition of an analytic.
[ABN/SC/1983/RES/67]

An analytic is a bibliographic record which describes a component part.

A component part is a bibliographic unit that when published or issued is physically contained in or attached to another bibliographic unit (the host item) such that the location of the component part is dependent on the physical identification and location of the host item.

Note: An item which conforms to the above definition is still considered to be a component part even though it may be physically detached by some libraries for storage in the library collection

Part B.21: AACR2R Chapter 21 Choice of access points

21.0DOptional addition. Designations of function

Do not apply option.

ABN allows this option to be applied for nonbook material, including manuscripts. That is, relator codes (which are codified designations of function) can be added to name headings in nonbook records but they are not searchable on ABN. See Appendix A of the ABN data preparation manual, Part 1.Headings[ABN/SC/1990/RES/3]

21.1B1 Entry under corporate body. Definition

The Standards Committee has decided that with regard to LCRI on the definition of a conference the wording be changed from 'must include' to 'generally includes' in the section: 'Another important point to bear in mind when deciding whether a phrase is a name is that the phrase generally includes a word that connotes a meeting: "symposium", "conference", "workshop", "colloqium" etc.'[S.C. 4]

21.2A Add the following to the list of exceptions which do not indicate a change in the title proper of a newspaper:
e) a change lasting less than one year, after which time the newspaper reverts to its former title
f) a change in title for a Saturday and /or Sunday issue, after which the paper returns to its daily title. [ABN/SC/1993/RES/3]

21.7B Collections and works produced under editorial direction

21.7C The Standards Committee has decided to reject the LC exception to making analytical added entries for sound recording collections 'containing pop, folk, ethnic or jazz music', as some music libraries would even give separate catalogue entries for each item regardless of the number of works in the collection. [S.C. 4]

21.18B Arrangements, transcriptions, etc.

Do not apply option.

21.27A Academic disputations

Do not apply option.

21.28A Related works: Scope

Apply the alternative rule for librettos and other texts set to music.

21.29G Added entries: General rule

Do not apply option.

21.30G1Added entries: Related works

Dates of publication may be added to uniform titles if considered necessary in accordance with this rule. If the date is included use subfield 'f'

21.30JA Added entries: Titles

The Standards Committee supports the liberal application of added entries where appropriate, as given in LCRI. However, some LC directions to apply title added entries are not appropriate in ABN as they reflect the needs of the LC computer system. [S.C. 3]

In ABN, an ampersand is filed as if it were the word 'and' therefore the ABN Standards Committee has substituted the following guideline for Guideline 4 of the LC interpretation of rule 21.30J.

'When any symbol (other than the ampersand) used to represent the word "and" occurs as one of the first words filed on in a title proper or other title for which a title added entry is made, make an additional titleadded entry substituting the word "and" in the language of the title. If a title in English includes an ampersand, an additional title added entry substituting the word 'and' may be made if required by the local system. If a title in any language other than English includes an ampersand, a title added entry should not be made from the TIL field but from an added entry title field, substituting 'and' in the language of the title, for the ampersand.' [ABN/SC/1990/RES/1]

The Standards Committee has resolved to extend AACR2R rule 21.30J to allow an added entry for any title. [ABN/SC/1985/RES/42]

The Standards Committee recommends that uniform title added entries be made for all video recordings of episodes of TV programs. The heading should be qualified with (Television program) where required or where the heading has already been verified in this form. Similar recommendations apply to sound recordings of radio programs.
[ABN/SC/1996/RES13]

For example

Title:               Reform of the Australian tax system : draft white paper, June 
1985.
Title added entry:   Tax reform white paper
Justification:       The work became known by this name, which was used in another
work entitled:       Tax reform white paper: implications and analysis / 
by Bernard Marks.

The Standards Committee has resolved that when cataloguing a report of a Royal Commission, Committee of Inquiry, etc., with which the name of the Commissioner, Chairman etc. has, or could, become closely associated, make a title added entry consisting of the surname of the Commissioner, Chairman etc., plus the word 'report', e.g. for the Report of the New South Wales Royal Commissioninto Drug Trafficking, make an added title entry 'Woodward report' which is the popular title by which this report is known. The criterion for creating such a title added entry is the appearance of such a title in subsequent publications, or the use of it in the media. [ABN/SC/1985/RES/22]

For example:

Title:              Report of the Royal commission into Drug Trafficking :
October 1979, The honourable Mr. Justice Woodward.
Added entry:        Woodward report

For looseleaf publications which change their titles, make an added entry for all the earlier titles.

21.30JB Uniform titles for television and radio programs

The Standards Committee recommends that uniform title added entries be made for all video recordings of episodes of TV programs. The heading should be qualified with (Television program) where required or where the heading has already been verified in this form. Similar recommendations apply to sound recordings of radio programs.
[ABN/SC/1996/RES13]

21.30L Added entries: Series

As a result of decisions taken by the ABN Standards Committee the ABN standard for the tracing of series has been defined as follows:

21.30L Added entries: Series

The standard established for the tracing of series on ABN is that outlined in theLCRI. This means that, in original cataloguing of high level records, all series in the bibliographic description should be traced.

In copy cataloguing, reconsideration of the series tracing is optional and participants may trace any series formerly untraced. [ABN/SC/RES/1991/10]

Apply option.

21.30M Added entries: Analytical entries

Dates of publication may be added to uniform titles if considered necessary in accordance with this rule. If a date is included always use subfield 'f'.

ABN will not follow the LC interpretation which prohibits the tracing of titles for analytical entries entered under a name heading. Participants may trace the title in addition to the name heading/title tracing. [ABN/SC/1984/RES/23]

Example:

MECN     $a     $Women's Cooperative Guild (Great Britain)
TILA0    $ac    $Working women and divorce /$The Women's Cooperative 
Guild. The Married working woman / Anna Martin.
AEPSN    $at    $Martin, Anna.$Married working woman.
AED0S    $a     $Married working woman.

In Cataloguing collections of full text serials (e.g. full text serials on CD-ROM), cataloguers wishing to provide access to each title in the collection are encouraged to create separate analytical records for each title. Cataloguers are discouraged from creating multiple title added entry fields in the collection record because it would create records of unwieldy length. [ABN/SC/RES/1992/2]

Example:

abn92207829
TILN0    $ah     $Acta anaethesiologica Scandinavica$[computer file] 
DATN     $a      $Vol. 1, no. 1 (1957)-
IMPN     $abc    $Copenhagen, Denmark :$Munksgaard,$1957-
COL      $ab     $v. :$ill.
NOX      $adef   $Computer laser optical disk.$Issue on computer laser optical
disk began with 1991 issues.$4 3/4in.$In: ADONIS [computer file].
Amsterdam : ADONIS BV, 1991-
NOY      $a      $Vols. for 1957- issued by the Nordisk anaestesiologisk forening.
SUT-L    $ax     $Anesthesiology$Periodicals.
AEU0S    $a      $ADONIS (Amsterdam, Netherlands)
AECNA    $a      $Nordisk anaestesiologisk forening.
SPL      $tx     $Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica.$Supplementum.
PHYX     $tcwx   $Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica$Original$sn783586$0001-5172. 
FRQ      $ab     $Eight issues per annum,$1985-
FFR      $ab     $Bimonthly,$ -1984.
KEYSO    $a      $Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica
ABBN     $a      $Acta anesthesiol. Scand.
SSNF     $a      $0001-5172

21.36C Particular cases

Do not apply options given in rules 21.36C1C3 and 21.36C5C9.

Part B.22: AACR2R Chapter 22: Headings for persons

Compatible headings
When AACR2 was first introduced, the Library of Congress developted a policy whereby headings
similar to AACR2 headings could remain unchanged, so as to minimise the expense for libraries adopting a new code of cataloguing rules. This policy on 'compatible' headings ceased in September 1982, however LC decided that all pre1981 headings that were regarded as compatible up until September 1982 would not be converted to AACR2 form. These compatible headings are coded AACR2d in LCNA, and are not considered to be valid headings for ABN. LCRI 22.1 discusses compatible headings and lists the categories of headings that have been coded AACR2d.

Punctuation
Although examples of personal name headings in AACR2R omit spaces between initials, spaces are
required because of LC practice and because of ABN's online searching capacity, and should be
included.

22.1A,B Choice of name

Under AACR2R rule 22.1B, in establishing the form of heading for persons working in a nonverbal context, or persons not known primarily as authors, reference sources should be used

This rule causes problems, particularly for people who are not known primarily as authors,
e.g., politicians. Frequently one form of name is shown in conventional reference sources
such as encyclopedias, hANBDooks etc, while another form consistently appears in other
reference sources, typically works by and about the person. Note the LC rule interpretation
under 22.1B 2c: 'pick the form that is most likely to be the one sought by library users'.
Note also the ABACUS interpretation (ROD news no. 9, p.6) that 'if a person is
predominantly identified in a particular field by a form of name not used on chief sources
for the person's publications, use that form'.
In practice, this will frequently lead to the omission of subsequent forenames which appear
in conventional reference sources.

Examples:

Bill Hayden           not      William George Hayden
Sir Billy Snedden     not      Sir Billy Mackie Snedden
Ian Viner             not      Robert Ian Viner

22.3C2 Persons entered under surname

Apply the alternative rule.

22.3D Spelling

See Part C.2 of this manual regarding Indonesian and Malaysian names.

22.4B2 Order of elements

An exception is made for Vietnamese names, which should be established in direct order without a comma. [ABN/SC/1985/RES/21]

22.17 Dates

Apply the optional provision and add dates whenever they are known or can be readily found (i.e., on the item or on the ABN database). There is no requirement to search for dates unless the heading conflicts with an existing heading.

Under AACR2R,month and day of birth may be added to an author's year of birth if necessary to break a conflict, e.g.
Brown, Thomas H., 1940 Jan. 19
and
Brown, Thomas H., 1940 Mar. 8

Under AACR1, the month and day of birth were enclosed in parentheses e.g. Brown, Thomas H., 1940 (Mar. 8) . Unfortunately the existing WLN sortkey production routine depends on the presence of parentheses to construct differing sortkeys for these headings. Until this routine is amended, the AACR1 form, with parentheses, should be used by ABN participants. In this case the code 'j' should be used in the NOV field of the vocabulary record.

Under AACR2R authors who are dead should have a date of birth added in the form 'b. 1866', and not in the form '1866', whenever the date of death is unknown. ABN does not apply the '100 year' rule. An open date with a hyphen is used consistently for authors born 1880 or later.
[ABN/SC/1984/RES/66]

22.18 Fuller forms

Apply the optional provision and make the additions specified whenever they are known or can be readily found (i.e on the item or on the ABN database). Do not search reference sources for additional information unless the heading conflicts with an existing heading.
[ABN/SC/1988/RES/1]

22.19 Distinguishing terms: Terms of address, etc.

The Standards Committee has decided that on the question of LC interpretations of these rules an existing heading which contains a term of address as an addition may be changed if dates become known (see Part C.9). [S.C. 4]

Part B.23: AACR2R Chapter 23: Geographic names

When establishing geographic headings see also Part C.7.

In variance to AACR2R, ABN will use the following forms of geographic names:
Great Britain (instead of United Kingdom)
Soviet Union (instead of U.S.S.R.)

23.2 Gazetteers to be consulted

General rules:
ABN will not follow LCRI, but will use the place names given at the end of this Part, and the list of gazetteers given in Part C.7. [S.C. 5]

Pinyin romanisation

Add the Pinyin form of geographic qualifier to headings in the Pinyin form.
[ABN/SC/1993/RES/23]

23.2B Use of 'St.' and 'Mt.'

General rules:
ABN will not follow the LC interpretation, where it says '... for "Saint" or "St." and "Mount" or "Mt.", always use the spelled out form regardless of the item in hand or other evidence.' [S.C. 5]

23.3 Changes of name

See also LCRI 23.4B regarding qualifiers for places that have changed name. [S.C. 5]

23.4 Additions to place names

Note: This is not a change in policy from 23.4 but a rewording of the rule for easier interpretation.

a.Note the several exceptions to the rule which states that names of places should be added to by the name of the country in which the place is located (23.4E). Exceptions are Australia, Canada, United States, Malaysia, Soviet Union and Yugoslavia.

b. Do not add Australia, Canada, Malaysia, Yugoslavia, Soviet Union or United States to the names of the states, provinces or territories of those countries, e.g.

Georgia
Penang
Croatia
Ukraine
Ontario
Western Australia
NB Washington (State)

c. When these states, provinces, etc. are used as qualifiers for places which constitute entry elements, abbreviations listed in AACR2R Appendix B.14 must be used where applicable, e.g.

Sydney (N.S.W.)
Darwin (N.T.)
Chicago (Ill.)
Montreal (Quebec)
George Town (Penang)
Kiev (Ukraine)
Bastia (Corsica)
Split (Croatia)
Boston (England)
Moscow (R.S.F.S.R.)
Waterville (Ireland)
Stirling (Scotland)
Edinburgh (Scotland)

Note that places in Germany and Korea are not qualified by the name of the republic, e.g. Munich (Germany), Seoul (Korea). However, use Berlin (Germany : East) and Berlin (Germany : West). Note the use of (space) : (space) in the qualifier where you are in fact qualifying 'Berlin' not 'Germany'. [S.C. 4]

A list of states, provinces, counties and regions and their abbreviations when used as additions, is given at the end of this section.

d. Do not add Great Britain to the names of its constituent countries, i.e.

England
Northern Ireland
Scotland
Wales
Channel Islands

Note that in the British Isles counties, regions, cities, towns, etc. are qualified by country, e.g., Bangor (Wales)

e. Do not add the name of the country to the name of an island or island group if the island is itself a jurisdiction (i.e. a state, province, etc.), unless it is located near the country and is commonly associated with it, e.g.

Falkland Islands
Madeira Islands
Sicily (Italy)
Corsica (France)

If the island is not itself a jurisdiction, it must be qualified by the jurisdiction of which it is part, e.g.
Kangaroo Island (S. Aust.)

23.4F1 Distinguishing between otherwise identical place names

For the United States, use county names to distinguish between places with the same name within one state, e.g. Spring (Berks County, Pa.)

For Australia, use a narrower jurisdiction, i.e. shire, municipality or district (do not use undefined regions) e.g. Elderslie (Patrick Plains, N.S.W.)
Elderslie (Wollondilly, N.S.W.)

23.4F2 Identifying places

For the purposes of interpreting rule 23.4F2 the term 'city' does not include the conurbation which surrounds most large cities, the individual components of which may have legal status in their own right.

This rule should be applied only where there is clear evidence that the place is a section of, or falls within the legal boundaries of the city itself.

If, after consulting the tools listed in Part C.7, there is doubt that the place is in a city, consider that it is not and do not apply rule 23.4F2.

Consider the fact that a national agency has treated a place in its own country under the provision of 23.4F2 sufficient evidence that the place is in a city according to the definitions above.
[ABN/SC/1986/RES/12]

Place name abbreviations

States, provinces, territories, counties and regions

Place name                                  Abbreviation when               
used as addition 
AUSTRALIA                                       
Australian Capital Territory             A.C.T
New South Wales                          N.S.W
Northern Territory                       N.T.
Queensland                               Qld.
South Australia                          S.Aust
Tasmania                                 Tas.
Victoria                                 Vic.
Western Australia                        W.A.

CANADA                                           
Alberta                                  Alta.
British Columbia                         B.C. 
Manitoba                                 Man. 
New Brunswick                            N.B. 
Newfoundland                             Nfld.
Northwest Territories                    N.W.T
Nova Scotia                              N.S. 
Ontario                                  Ont. 
Prince Edward Island                     P.E.I
Quebec (Province)                             
Saskatchewan                             Sask.
Yukon Territory                          Yukon

YUGOSLAVIA                                       
Bosnia and Hercegovina                        
[ABN/SC/1986/RES/23]                         
Croatia                                       
Macedonia (Republic)                          
[ABN/SC/1986/RES/23]                         
Montenegro                                    
Serbia                                        
Slovenia                                      

SOVIET UNION                                     
Armenian S.S.R.                               
Azerbaijan S.S.R.                             
Byelorussian S.S.R.                           
Estonia                                       
Georgian S.S.R.                               
Kazakh S.S.R.                                 
Kirghiz S.S.R.                                
Latvia                                        
Lithuania                                     
Moldavian S.S.R.                              
Russian S.F.S.R.                        R.S.F.S.R
Tajik S.S.R.                                    
Turkmen S.S.R.                                  
Ukraine                                         
Uzbek S.S.R                                     

UNITED STATES                                       
Alabama                                 Ala.     
Alaska                                           
Arkansas                                Ark.     
Arizona                                 Ariz.    
California                              Calif.   
Colorado                                Colo.    
Connecticut                             Conn.    
Delaware                                Del.     
District of Columbia                    D.C.     
Florida                                 Fla.     
Georgia                                 Ga.      
Idaho                                            
Illinois                                Ill.     
Indiana                                 Ind.     
Iowa                                             
Kansas                                  Kan.     
Kentucky                                Ky.      
Louisiana                               La.      
Maine                                   Me.      
Maryland                                Md.      
Massachusetts                           Mass.    
Michigan                                Mich.    
Minnesota                               Minn.    
Mississippi                             Miss.    
Missouri                                Mo.      
Montana                                 Mont.    
Nebraska                                Neb.     
Nevada                                  Nev.     
New Hampshire                           N.H.     
New Jersey                              N.J.     
New Mexico                              N.M.     
New York                                N.Y.     
North Carolina                          N.C.     
North Dakota                            N.D.     
Ohio                                             
Oklahoma                                Okla.    
Oregon                                  Or.      
Pennsylvania                            Pa.      
Rhode Island                            R.I.     
South Carolina                          S.C.     
South Dakota                            S.D.     
Tennessee                               Tenn.    
Texas                                   Tex.     
Utah                                             
Vermont                                 Vt.      
Virginia                                Va.      
Washington (State)                      Wash.    
West Virginia                           W.Va.    
Wisconsin                               Wis.     
Wyoming                                 Wyo.     

MALAYSIA                                                     
Johor                                                     
Kedah                                                     
Kelantan                                                  
Kuala Lumpur  (Malaysia)                                  
 [ABN/SC/1986/RES/23]                                        
Malacca (State)                                           
          [ABN/SC/1986/RES/23]                               
Negeri Sembilan                                           
Pahang                                                    
Perak                                                     
Perlis                                                    
Pinang                                                    
          [ABN/SC/1986/RES/23]                               
Sabah                                                     
Sarawak                                                   
Selangor                                                  
Terengganu                                                

INDONESIA                                                    
Aceh (Indonesia)                                          
Bali (Indonesia : Province)                               
Bengkulu (Indonesia : Province)                           
Irian Jaya (Indonesia)                                    
Jakarta Raya (Indonesia)                                  
Jambi (Indonesia : Province)                              
Jawa Barat (Indonesia)                                    
Jawa Tengah (Indonesia)                                   
Jawa Timur (Indonesia)                                    
Kalimantan Barat (Indonesia)                              
Kalimantan Selatan (Indonesia)                            
Kalimantan Tengah (Indonesia)                             
Kalimantan Timur (Indonesia)                              
Lampung (Indonesia)                                       
Maluku (Indonesia)                                        
Nusa Tenggara Barat (Indonesia)                           
Nusa Tenggara Timur (Indonesia)                           
Riau (Indonesia : Province)                               
Sulawesi Selatan (Indonesia)                              
Sulawesi Tengah (Indonesia)                               
Sulawesi Tenggara (Indonesia)                             
Sulawesi Utara (Indonesia)                                
Sumatera Barat (Indonesia)                                
Sumatera Selatan (Indonesia)                               
Sumatera Utara (Indonesia)                                
Timor Timur (Indonesia)                                   
Yogyakarta (Indonesia :                                   
Daerah Istimewa)                                          

Hierarchical Place name

This form of added entry is assigned to give access to a bibliographic record through a hierarchical form of a place name related to a particular attribute (e.g., for newspapers, the name of the community served, for rare books, the place of publication or printing).

The following hierarchical forms are used:

- United States: Name of country, state, county, and city

- Australian & Canadian: Name of the country, province or territory, and city

- England, Ireland, Northern Ireland, Scotland, and Wales: Name of country, county, or island area and city

- Malaysia, Soviet Union, Yugoslavia: Name of the country, constituent state, and city

All other foreign countries: name of country and city

Part B.24: AACR2R Chapter 24: Headings for corporate bodies

Compatible headings

When AACR2 was first introduced, the Library of Congress developed a policy whereby headings similar to AACR2 headings could remain unchanged, so as to minimise the expense for libraries adopting a new code of cataloguing rules. This policy on 'compatible' headings ceased in September 1982, however LC decided that all pre1981 headings that were regarded as compatible up until September 1982 would not be converted to AACR2 form. These compatible headings are coded AACR2d in LCNA, and are not considered to be valid headings for ABN. LCRI 24.1 discusses compatible headings and lists the categories of headings that have been coded AACR2d.

24.1B Romanization

Do not apply alternative rule.

24.2C Variant names. General rules

See Part C.2 of this manual regarding Indonesian and Malaysian names.

24.3A Language

Do not apply alternative rule.

24.4C2 Additions: Names of countries, states, provinces, etc.

Note that places in Germany and Korea are not qualified by the name of the republic, e.g., Munich (Germany), Seoul (Korea).

24.4C4 Pinyin romanisation

Add the Pinyin form of geographic qualifier to headings in the Pinyin form.
[ABN/SC/1993/RES/23]

24.4C8 Additions: Year(s)

ABN will not add dates to headings to distinguish government departments that change their name and then revert to a former name. [ABN/SC/1989/RES/2]

24.7B2 Conference numbering

Apply option.

24.13A Subordinate and related bodies entered subordinately
Type 2
ABN will use the same list of words as the Australian national bibliography to normally imply administrative subordination in the Australian context. The list is:

advisory
authority
board
bureau
commission
committee committee
directorate
office
secretariat
service
task force
working ...

The remaining terms which are used by the Library of Congress (CSB 41 p.52) are not considered to automatically imply administrative subordination in the Australian context. They are:

administration
administrative ...
agency
group
panel

24.18A Government agencies entered subordinately

Type 2
See rule 24.13A Type 2 above.
In the Australian context when 'Commonwealth' is used as a substitute for the name of the government, regard it as implying the name of the government in the wording of the name and enter the body independently, for example Commonwealth Legal Aid Commission (Australia). [ABN/SC/1989/RES/1]

Type 5
'An agency that is a ministry or similar major executive agency (i.e. one that has no other agency above it) ...' Interpret this rule narrowly: for Australian agencies, limit subordinate entry under this rule to major public service departments.

24.24 Corporate headings for Australian Military Forces

ABN will use the headings listed in Part C.5 of this manual.
[ABN/SC/1986/RES/24]

Part B.25: AACR2R Chapter 25: Uniform titles

25.1 Use of uniform titles

This rule should be applied in accordance with the policy of individual ABN participants, except as required in the specification for high level records. [S.C. 6]

25.2A General rule

ABN is applying the option to omit the square brackets if the uniform title is a heading (tags MEU, SUU, AEU, SAU). But in addition the square brackets around all uniform titles should be omitted because:

1. Tag UTI generates the brackets in output products, and
2. It is US/MARC coding policy to omit the brackets in a 't'
subfield of a heading (tags AEP, AEC, etc).

Further information is given in section 5.4.7 of the ABN authority control manual.

25.3A Works created after 1500 (Orthographic reform)

ABN will not follow LCRI for Indonesian and Malaysian titles. See Part C.2 of this manual. [S.C. 3]

25.5D Additions to uniform titles

Do not apply option.

Part B.26: AACR2R Chapter 26: References

26.1 General rule

Legends
In contrast to LCRI 26.0, ABN will not change from the print constants 'see' and 'see also' until further notice.
[S.C. 3]

Forms of references
ABN will follow the interpretation in LCRI 26.0 regardless of what appears on the LCNA microfiche for that heading at the time of checking.
[S.C. 3]

Although the Standards Committee has decided that it is generally optional to make references from variant forms, it has suggested participants may find the following guideline useful. Participants should also keep in mind the use of references to trap variant national agency records under the automatic mapping facility. [S.C. 6]

LC Name Authorities Suggested ABN Practice

Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von, 17491832
x Gete, Vol'fgang                              x Goethe, J. W., 17491832
x Gete, Jogann                                 x Von Goethe, Johann Wolfgang, 1749-1832
x Gette
x Gote, Iokhan Vol'fgang Wolfgang, 1749-
x Jutah Yuhan Fulfjanj 1832
x Goethe, J. W.
x Von Goethe, Johann Wolfgang
United States. Dept. of Transportation
x United States. Transportation,               x United States. Secretary
Dept. of                                       of Transportation
x United States. Secretary of
Transportation
x United States. Office of
x United States. Office of the                   the Secretary of
Secretary of Transportation                    Transportation

Combined references
The interpretation in LCRI 26.0 is irrelevant because the WLN software determines how references are made.

Former/later name references
The Standards Committee has decided there is no obligation to create former/later name references from/to forms that do not exist on the Vocabulary File, but a participant may make such references if it wishes. In the case of references copied from LC, see references from former/later names should be input as FN/LN references not as UFs. [S.C. 6]

26.2A3 Different entry elements.

ABN will follow the interpretation in LCRI 26.2 4 except that such references should not be made for names which begin with the following prefixes: Fitz, Mac, Mc, M', O', U'. [S.C. 6]

26.2D1 Explanatory references

ABN will follow this rule, not the option in rule 26.2D2. A specific reference is preferred.

26.2D2 Explanatory references under prefixes of surnames

Do not apply option.

26.3A3 Different forms of the name

References from inverted names of government subheadings
ABN will not follow the LC interpretation.
[S.C. 3]

References from inverted names of conferences, exhibitions, fairs, festivals, etc.
ABN will not follow the LC interpretation.
[ABN/SC/1986/RES/9]

Terms of royal privilege
ABN will not follow the LC interpretation.
[S.C. 3]

Romanisation of Chinese
'SEE' references from Pinyin to Wade-Giles romanisation should be replaced with 'SEE ALSO' notes. In applying Library of Congress Name Authorities to romanised chinese headings in ABN, do not create 'see' references from Pinyin to Wade-Giles, create 'see also' notes instead. [ABN/SC/RES/1992/7]

Example:

NAPS    $ad    $Mao, Tse-Tung,$1893-1976.    [Wade-Giles romanisation] 
NOA     $a     $Works by this author may also be found under the alternative romanisation.
See also: Mao, Zedong, 1893-1976.

NAPS    $ad    $Mao, Zedong, $1893-1976.     [Pinyin romanisation] 
NOA     $a     $Works by this author may also be found under the alternative romanisation.
See also: Mao, Tse-Tung, 1893-1976.

Example:

NAPS    $ad   $Chou, En-Lai,$1898-1976.       [Wade-Giles romanisation]
NOA     $a    $Works by this author may also be found under the alternative romanisation.
See also: Zhou, Enlai, 1898-1976.

NAPS    $ad   $Zhou, Enlai,$1898-1976.           [Pinyin romanisation]
NOA     $a    $Works by this author may also be found under the alternative romanisation.
See also: Chou, En-Lai, 1898-1976.

26.3A4 Initials

ABN will follow the LC interpretation.
[S.C. 6]
Briefly, the policy with respect to headings and references is as follows:

1. Do not leave spaces between initials in either headings or references (rule 24.1)
2. Make a reference from the opposite form of punctuation (rule 26.3A4)

Examples

World Meteorological Organization (UFs from WMO and W.M.O.)
IMCO (UF from I.M.C.O.)
A.G.A. (UF from AGA)

ABN treats a fullstop, space and a combination of both in exactly the same way for filing. But for searching, a space and a full stop are treated differently (full stops are ignored).

26.3A7 Different forms of heading

References from Local Place
ABN has decided that the LC interpretation should be an allowable option.
[S.C. 3]

References from jurisdiction
ABN has decided that the LC interpretation should be an allowable option.
[S.C. 3]

26.3C1 Explanatory references

ABN will not follow the LC interpretation. The rule: 'Make an explanatory reference when more detailed guidance than a see or see also reference is required' should be followed without further interpretation. [S.C. 3]

26.3C2 Acronyms

See the explanation under 26.3A4.

26.4B2 Titles of parts of a work catalogued independently

Do not apply option.

26.4D2 Explanatory references for titles of parts of a work catalogued independently

Do not apply option.

26.6A References instead of added entries common to many editions

Do not apply option.


Contents and Introduction | Part A Tools and Abbrevs. | Part C Name, Subject Heading Policy | Part D Cataloguing Guidelines | Part E Cataloguing Standards | Part F Miscellaneous | Part G Subject Heading Policy

ABN Cataloguing Manual: Part C ABN names and subject heading policy

ABN Cataloguing Manual: Part C ABN names and subject heading policy

Part C.1: Establishing personal names on ABN

[ABN/SC/1987/RES/3]

These guidelines should be followed when personal name headings are established on ABN.

1. Check the ABN Authority File.

2. If a verified heading is found on ABN, use this form. See Part C.9Changing verified authority records on ABN

3. If no heading or an unverified heading is found on ABN, check LCNA.

4. If no heading is found in LCNA, or the heading found is designatedAACR, AACR2d, ALA, RETRO or UNEVAL, establish a heading by examining statements of responsibility on ABN and applying AACR2R rules and LC and ABN interpretations of those rules, see AACR2R, LCRI or CSB, and Parts B.22 and C.9. See Part C.6 for reference sources that may be useful when setting up a name heading.

5. If a heading is found in LCNA designated AACR2, AACR2 EVAL, AACR2

RETRO or AACR2 UNEVAL*, use this form unless:

a. The heading contains incorrect information, such as a spelling error or wrong date(s) etc. Establish a corrected version of the heading on ABN and create a mapping reference from the LCNA form.

b. The name is Vietnamese. Apply ABN interpretation of rule 22.4B2 (See Parts B.22 and C.3) to formulate the heading and create a mapping reference from the LCNA form.

c. The name is Indonesian or Malaysian. Apply ABN interpretation of rule 22.3D (See Parts B.22 and C.2) to establish the heading, and if this is different from the LCNA form, create a mapping reference from the LCNA form.

d. The heading in LCNA conflicts with a heading already in the ABN Authority File, (e.g. the same heading used for different people). If additional data is available, the LCNA form or the database form may be modified to resolve the conflict. (See Part C.9). If no such data is available, then add to the heading an additional NOV field: 'Conflict unresolved'.

Generally use the LCNA form exactly as it appears, unless one of the above four conditions apply.

* For LCNA headings designated AACR2 UNEVAL do not use the references accompanying the heading without scrutiny as these have not been evaluated by LC as conformity to AACR2

If the date of birth becomes known, add this to a reference or, if there is no reference, create an additional NOV field

e.g. NOV $a $Born 1952.

Do not add a date of death when known to an LCNA heading that is open dated. Add information to a reference, or create an additional NOV field.

Part C.2: Indonesian and Malaysian names

All Indonesian and Malaysian names should be established in the new spelling resulting from the change of orthography in these countries in 1972. This applies to personal, corporate and geographic names as well as uniform and traced series titles.

Note: This is a change in policy from LCRI 22.3D, 24.2C and 25.3A. [S.C. 3]

The following information is provided for guidance in the application of this standard.

Spelling changes in Indonesia :

1945 :    oe became u
diacritics were dropped

1972 :    dj became j
ch became kh
j became y
nj became ny
sj became sy
tj became c

Spelling changes in Malaysia :
1972     sh became sy
ch became c

Works by corporate bodies (especially government bodies) after 1972 will almost invariably have new spelling for their own names.

Personal names are more idiosyncratic, and show a faster rate of conversion to new spelling in Indonesia than in Malaysia. Increasingly, even if the person did not use new spelling, they are referred to in reference sources in new spelling.

Consideration of personal names for conformity to new orthography will be restricted to people working/publishing in Indonesia and Malaysia, and/or writing in the field of Indonesian/Malaysian studies.

Atlas Indonesia is a recommended reference tool for Indonesian place names in new orthography.

For the purpose of verifying Indonesian or Malaysian personal names on ABN, participants are not required to use headings found in LCNA, but to apply ABNAACR2R interpretations in formulating the heading (that is, to use the new orthography). [ABN/SC/1987/RES/2]

For guidelines on establishing personal names on ABN, see Part C.1.

Assistance in the establishment and verification of Indonesian and Malaysian names may be sought from the ABN Office.

Part C.3: Vietnamese names

For the purpose of verifying Vietnamese personal names on ABN, participants are not required to use headings found in LCNA, but to apply ABN AACR2R interpretations in formulating the headings, which allows Vietnamese names to be established in direct order without a comma. (See 22.4B2 in Part B.22 of this manual.) [ABN/SC/1987/RES/1]

For guidelines on establishing personal names on ABN, see Part C.1.

Part C.3.4: Nationalities in Australia and the United States

Establish headings for individual nationalities living in Australia or the United States in the composite form:

[qualifier designating country of origin] Australians (May Subd Geog)

e.g.
German Americans (May Subd Geog)
Vietnamese Australians (may Subd Geog)

Do not hyphenate these headings.

Such headings represent the permanent residents of Austraia or the untied States, incdluding naturalized citizens. For aliens living in Australia or the United States, students from abroad, etc., assign a heading of the type, e.g. Japanese--United States.

Reference pattern

Always provide the following references for nationality headings int he United States and Australia:

[Nationality] Americans (May Subd Geog)
450 [Nationality] Americans--United States
550 Ethnology--United States
550 [Nationality]--United States

e.g.

German Americans (May subd Geog)
450 German Americans--United States
550 Ethnology--United States
550 Germans--United States

In addition, for nationality headings in Australia Provide the folloowing references:

450 New Australians
450 [Alernative nationality adjective] Australians
551 Australia--Emigration and immigration
551 Australia--Population

e.g.

British Australians
450 British Australiansj--Australia
450 New Australians
450 Anglo Australians
550 Ethnology--Australia
550 British--Australia
551 Australia--Emigration and immigration
551 Australia--Population

Do not establish names for groups already identified with ethnic groups whose names are in composite form, e.g. use Russian Germans--United States, not Russian German Americans; use French Canadians--United Sates, not French Canadian Americans.

For information on Nationalities- foreign countries including the United States see the Library of Congress Subject Cataloguing Manual H1919.5.

Part C.4: Setting up of Australian local government authorities for AACR2R

ABN will follow the guidelines used in the Australian national bibliography to establish headings for Australian local government authorities. They are as follows:

1. When town and shire or district have the same name

Town is set up as:
Town (State)
e.g. Tamworth (N.S.W.)
Angaston (S. Aust.)

Shire or District is set up as:
Shire (State : Shire) or District (State : District)
e.g.  Tamworth (N.S.W. : Shire)
Angaston (S. Aust. : District)

c) Town Council is set up as:
Town (State). Council
e.g.  Tamworth (N.S.W.). Council

d) Shire or District Council is set up as:
Shire (State : Shire). Council or
District (State : District). Council
e.g.     Tamworth (N.S.W. : Shire). Council
Angaston (S. Aust. : District). Council

2. When the name of a shire or district is not also the name of a town

a) Shire or District is set up as:
Shire (State) or
District (State)

e.g.     Plantagenet (W.A.)
Barossa (S. Aust.)

b) Shire or District council is set up as:
Shire (State). Council or
District (State). Council

e.g.     Plantagenet (W.A.). Council
Barossa (S. Aust.). Council

3. City Councils and Corporations

a) A City Council is set up as:
City (State). Council

e.g.    Townsville (Qld). Council

b) If the body consistently uses corporation on its publications, use that form, even though
the authority may also have a council.

e.g. Unley (S. Aust.). Corporation

Make a reference from the Council

e.g.    Unley (S. Aust.). Council
see     Unley (S. Aust.). Corporation

4. When suburb and municipality have the same name

a) Suburb is set up as:
Suburb (State)

e.g.    Randwick (N.S.W.)

b) Municipality is set up as:
Municipality (State : Municipality)

e.g.    Randwick (N.S.W. : Municipality)

c) Municipal Council is set up as:
Municipality (State : Municipality). Council

e.g.    Randwick (N.S.W. : Municipality). Council

5. When the name of a municipality is not also the name of a suburb etc.

a) Municipality is set up as:
Municipality (State)

e.g.   Holroyd (N.S.W.)
b) Municipal Council is set up as:
Municipal (State). Council
e.g.   Holroyd (N.S.W.). Council

6. Local Government bodies which are not also jurisdictions

When a body is set up for the provision of utilities and services within several local government areas, enter the body under its own name.

e.g.  Blue Mountains County Council

In all cases make references from the form of the name not used.

e.g.  Sunshine City Council
see   Sunshine (Vic.). Council

Tamworth Shire Council
see   Tamworth (N.S.W. : Shire). Council

City of Unley Corporation
see   Unley (S. Aust.). Corporation

Consult postcodes to determine whether town and shire, district or municipality have the same name.

Part C.5: Headings for Australian military forces

[ABN/SC/1986/RES/24]

The following is a list of headings to be used on ABN for the Australian Army, Air Force and Navy, and includes guidelines on establishing headings for an individual unit or component of the Army.

Army

Use the following headings for the Australian Army, expeditionary forces and reserves.

1901-1905       Australia. Commonwealth Military Forces
x Commonwealth Military Forces (Australia)
x CMF
x C.M.F.

1905-           Australia. Army
x AMF
x Australia. Australian Military Forces
x Australian Military Forces
x A.M.F.
x Australia. Australian Regular Army
x ARA
x A.R.A.
x Australian Regular Army
x Australia. Regular Army
x Regular Army (Australia)

1914-1921       Australia. Army. Australian Imperial Force (19141921) 
x A.I.F. (19141921)
x AIF (19141921)
x Australia. Australian Imperial Force (19141921)
x Australian Imperial Force (19141921)
x First AIF

1939-1945       Australia. Army. Australian Imperial Force, 2nd (19391946) 
x A.I.F. (19391946)
x AIF (19391946)
x Australia. Australian Imperial Force, 2nd (19391946)
x Australian Imperial Force, 2nd (19391946)
x Second AIF

1905-1946       Australia. Army. Militia
x Australia. Militia
x Militia (Australia)

1941 1945       Australia. Army. Volunteer Defence Corps
x V.D.C.
x VDC
x Volunteer Defence Corps (Australia)
x Australia. Volunteer Defence Corps
Former name: Returned Services League of Australia.
Volunteer Defence Corps

1948-1983       Australia. Army. Citizen Military Forces
x Citizen Military Forces (Australia)
x C.M.F.
x CMF
x Australia. Citizen Military Forces

1983            Australia. Army. Australian Army Reserve
x Australia. Australian Army Reserve
x Australian Army Reserve
x A.A.R.
x AAR
x Australia. Army Reserve

Establishing headings for individual units
When establishing a heading for an individual unit or component of the Army, enter it directly under the heading for the principal service of which it is a part as instructed in AACR2R rule 24.24A1, e.g.

Australia. Army. Battalion, 10th.

not

Australia. Army. Royal South Australia Regiment. Battalion, 10th.

Australia. Army. Light Horse Regiment, 6th.
not
Australia. Army. Australian Imperial Force (19141921). Light Horse Regiment, 6th.

Include other elements of the hierarchy only when it is known that a conflict exists, such as when an infantry battalion was raised with the same number for both the homebased and expeditionary forces in the Second World War, e.g.

Australia. Army. Australian Imperial Force, 2nd. (19391946). Battalion, 2nd.

Since this occurrence is extremely rare, in case of doubt, omit the hierarchy, e.g.

Australia. Army. Battalion, 2nd.

If a military unit is numbered, record the numbering in arabic ordinal numbers regardless of the form in which it appears on the publication, e.g.

Australia. Army. Battalion, 10th.
not
Australia. Army. Battalion, Tenth.

Record the numbering of the second A.I.F. battalions in the form 2/XX, e.g.

Australia. Army. Battalion, 2/3rd.
not
Australia. Army. Battalion, 2nd/3rd.
Australia. Army. Battalion, Second Third.

When establishing a heading for an infantry battalion, record only the word 'battalion' and the number of the unit, regardless of the way the name is written on the item being catalogued, e.g.

Third Australian Infantry Battalion
4th Infantry Battalion
5th Battalion

would become:

Australia. Army. Battalion, 3rd.
Australia. Army. Battalion, 4th
Australia. Army. Battalion, 5th.

thus providing useful collocation and lessening the possibility of duplicate headings.

Air force

Use the following headings for the Australian Air Force and its Reserves.

1914-1919       Australia. Army. Australian Flying Corps
x Australian Flying Corps
x Australia. Australian Flying Corps

1919-1921       Australia. Australian Air Corps
x Australian Air Corps

1921            Australia. Royal Australian Air Force
x Royal Australian Air Force
x R.A.A.F.
x RAAF

1928-1939       Australia. Royal Australian Air Force. Auxiliary Air Force
x Australia. Auxiliary Air Force
x Auxiliary Air Force (Australia)

1939-1960       Australia. Royal Australian Air Force. Citizens' Air Force
x Australia. Citizens' Air Force
x Citizens' Air Force (Australia)

1960            Australia. Royal Australian Air Force. Auxiliary Air Force (1960)
x Australia. Auxiliary Air Force
x Auxiliary Air Force (Australia)

Navy
Use the following headings for the Australian Navy and its Reserves.

Australia. Commonwealth Naval Forces
x Commonwealth Naval Forces (Australia)

1913            Australia. Royal Australian Navy
x R.A.N.
x RAN
x Royal Australian Navy

1911            Australia. Royal Australian Naval Reserve
x Royal Australian Naval Reserve
x Naval Reserve (Australia)
x Australia. Naval Reserve

Part C.6: Sources for establishing name headings on ABN

All headings established must conform to ABN standards; that is, comply with AACR2R rules, LC interpretation of the rules, and any ABN variations from the rules and interpretations.

LCNA is the chief authority for determining the correct form of a name for use on ABN, and must be checked. Other reference tools need only be consulted when necessary, such as to resolve conflicts, to ascertain LC required qualifiers, etc.

The following gives mandatory and suggested reference sources that are to be consulted when establishing name headings on ABN. The tools listed are not definitive and have a bias towards the arts. It is assumed that the most recent editions will be consulted. More detailed guidelines for establishing personal and geographic name headings are given in Parts C.1 and C.7.

Personal names

All personal names must be checked in LCNA, and established according to the guidelines set out in Part C.1.

The following may also be consulted:

BL/BSD name authority list (known as BLAISE)
Canadiana authorities
Names of persons : national usage for entry in catalogues / compiled
by the IFLA International Office of UBC. London : The Office.

If necessary consult appropriate encyclopedias listed at the end of this Part.

Corporate names

All corporate names must be checked in LCNA.

If a heading in LCNA designated AACR2, AACR2 EVAL, AACR2 RETRO or AACR2 UNEVAL, use this form unless the heading contains incorrect information such as a spelling error. If there is an error in the LCNA heading, establish a corrected version of the heading on ABN and create a mapping reference from the LCNA form.

[Note: For LCNA headings designated AACR2 UNEVAL do not use the references accompanying the heading without scrutiny, as these have not been evaluated by LC as conforming to AACR2.]

United States government bodies and instrumentalities not found in LCNA must be checked in:

United States government manual. Washington, D.C. : Office of the Federal Register, National
rchives and Records Service, General Services Administration.

Learned institutions not found in LCNA must be checked in:

The World of Learning. London : Europa Publications.

The following directories can be checked if appropriate:

Commonwealth government directory ... Canberra : AGPS.
NSW government directory. Sydney : New South Wales Government Information Service.
Victorian government directory. Melbourne : Dept. of the Premier
Queensland government directory. Brisbane : State Public Relations Bureau, Premier's Dept
Northern Territory government directory : a guide to departments and authorities of the Northern Territory government. Darwin : Commonwealth Government Printer
Directory of government agencies. Hobart : Dept. of the Premier and Cabinet
South Australia government directory. Adelaide : Government of South Australia.
Organization of the government of Canada. Ottawa : Information Canada.
Britain ... : an official hANBDook. London : H.M.S.O.
Ireland : a directory and yearbook. Dublin : Institute of Public Administration.
Encyclopedia of associations. Detroit : Gale Research.
Directory of British associations and associations in Ireland. Beckenham, England : CBD Research.
Professional organizations in the Commonwealth / ed. by Norman Tett and John Chadwick. London : Hutchison for the Commonwealth Foundation.
Directory of European associations. Beckenham, England : CBD Research.

Uniform title

All uniform titles must be checked in LCNA. [ABN/SC/1986/RES/14]

If a heading in LCNA designated AACR2, AACR2 EVAL, AACR2 RETRO or AACR2 UNEVAL, use this form unless the heading contains incorrect information such as a spelling error. If there is an error in the LCNA heading, establish a corrected version of the heading on ABN and create a mapping reference from the LCNA form.

[Note: For LCNA headings designated AACR2 UNEVAL do not use the references accompanying the heading without scrutiny, as these have not been evaluated by LC as conforming to AACR2.]

Anonymous classics : a list of uniform headings for European literatures / compiled by the IFLA International Office of UBC. London : The Office, can be consulted if necessary.

Series

If a heading in LCNA designated AACR2, AACR2 EVAL, AACR2 RETRO or AACR2 UNEVAL, use this form unless the heading contains incorrect information such as a spelling error. If there is an error in the LCNA heading, establish a corrected version of the heading on ABN and create a mapping reference from the LCNA form.

[Note: For LCNA headings designated AACR2 UNEVAL do not use the references accompanying the heading without scrutiny, as these have not been evaluated by LC as conforming to AACR2.]

All series must be checked in LCNA. [ABN/SC/1986/RES/6]

Monographic series. Washington, D.C. : Library of Congress, may also be consulted.

Encyclopedias, etc.

The following are suggested sources that can be consulted when establishing name headings:

Encyclopaedia Britannica. Chicago : Encyclopaedia Britannica.
New Catholic encyclopedia. New York : McGraw Hill.
Encyclopaedia Judaica. Jerusalem : Encyclopaedia Judaica.
Encyclopaedia of religion and ethics. Edinburgh : T & T Clark.
Encyclopedia of philosophy. New York : Macmillan.
Dictionary of national biography. London : Oxford University Press.
Australian dictionary of biography. Melbourne : Melbourne University Press.
Australian encyclopaedia. Sydney : Grolier Society.
Who's who. London : Adam and Charles Black.
Contemporary authors. Detroit : Gale Research.
Biography and genealogy master index. Detroit : Gale Research.
Penguin companion to literature. London : Penguin.
Cassell's Encyclopaedia of world literature. London : Cassell & Co.
Kompass (various editions depending on country etc.)
Encyclopedia of world art. New York : McGraw Hill.
Artists' working names authority list. Canberra : ANG.
Oxford companion to music. London : Oxford University Press.
Grove's dictionary of music and musicians. London : Macmillan.
Who's who in Australia. Melbourne : Herald and Weekly Times.

Part C.7: Establishing geographic names on ABN

The following method for establishing and verifying geographic names on ABN was devised with close attention to AACR2R (23.2A) which dictates that English usage take precedence over the use of the vernacular form.
[S.C. 5]

1. To determine the correct form of a geographic name that is a state, province or republic of Australia, Canada, Yugoslavia, the Soviet Union, the United States, Malaysia, or Indonesia, check LCNA or LCSH first, then the list of place name abbreviations at the end of Part B.23.

2. If not listed in LCNA, LCSH or in the list of place name abbreviations in Part B.23, check the sources given for the following countries. (For full bibliographic details of the titles listed see Part F.5).

Australia
Australia 1:250,000 and 1:1,000,000 master names gazetteer.
BMR earth science atlas
(for geological formations)
[ABN/SC/1986/RES/31]

Canada
Canada gazetteer atlas.

Great Britain
Bartholomew gazetteer of places in Britain.
Gazetteer of Great Britain.

United States
Columbia Lippincott gazetteer of the world.

New Zealand
New Zealand atlas.

Indonesia
Times atlas or Macquarie illustrated world atlas.
Atlas Indonesia. [ABN/SC/1986/RES/7]

Other countries

In line with AACR2R (Rule 23.2A) use the English form of name in preference to the vernacular. When making a decision remember that the name in the catalogue should reflect as much as possible the catalogue user's concept of the name. You will notice that Lippincott's editorial policy is to prefer the English form of name whereas that of the Times is to favour the vernacular.

First check the name against Columbia Lippincott gazetteer of the world. If the name corresponds with that given in an English publication, then use it. If it is not there, check Penguin encyclopaedia of places.

If it is not there, prefer the vernacular and consult the Times atlas of the world.

If still unable to locate, use BGN (United States. Board on Geographic Names) available from the Board, U.S. Geological Survey National Centre, Denver, Colorado.

Or use a specialist atlas or gazetteer published in the country of origin.

If still unable to locate the name, use the form found in the item being catalogued.

Participants may ask the ABN reviewers to check any of the above tools not held in their libraries by inputting messages on the record, indicating which sources have been checked and what forms were used in these sources.

3. For places where names have changed recently, such as Africa and China, use Placename changes since 1900 : a world gazetteer. It prefers the vernacular, but this is a logical outcome of world acknowledgement of such names as Zaire, Zimbabwe, etc. which have not been translated into English.

For places which had undergone earlier name changes, such as through colonial expansion, a useful source that provides English preferred names with historical details is the Times gazetteer of the world, 1899 edition. It is important to use this edition because later editions altered policy to the vernacular which conflicts with AACR2R rules.

4. Chinese geographic names used in Library of Congress topical and geographic subject headings should follow LCSH policy. [ABN/SC/1993/RES/24]

Part C.9: Changing verified authority records on ABN

The January 1982 meeting of the ABN Standards Committee discussed and endorsed the principle of slowing down the rate of change of verified headings. Because of the problems caused for users of ABN, including those taking records from ABN to maintain card catalogues, ANB, and ABN Authorities, the Committee decided to limit the extent of change to verified records in ABN. Note that in all cases a verified heading may be changed if it contains an error, e.g. typographic error, wrong date, etc.

Personal name headings

Participants should only change established or verified personal name headings under the following circumstances:

a. there is a need to distinguish between two authors with the same name.
b. the original heading clearly no longer represents predominant usage.
c. an incoming LC heading creates a conflict and the LC heading is flagged AACR2 in LCNA and does not conflict with ABN rule interpretations and options.
d. when additional or updated birth and death data information becomes available for Australian headings

[ABN/SC/1997/RES/1]

To explain these further:

a. Where a personal name heading has been established and a record enters ABN for a different person with the same name, attempts should be made to distinguish the authors and change either or both forms to add additional distinguishing information. For example, ABN has verified the heading for Mike Harding, a photographer, as 'Harding, Mike'. At a later date when ABN is searched further records have been added, and linked to this heading are items on auditing, photography and novels. Attempts should be made in this case to distinguish the different authors.

Changes to verified headings are not allowed where additional name information has come to hand, but no conflict exists. For example, 'Blake, Trevor L.' has been established on ABN. When a subsequent item is received by this author, the dust jacket gives his full name as Trevor Lloyd Blake. This heading should not be changed to 'Blake, Trevor L. (Trevor Lloyd)' unless there is another Trevor L. Blake on the database. Of course a UF reference may be made from the fuller form of name if desired.

Changes to headings linked only to CIP records are the only changes exempt from the statements made above. If, for example, a CIP entry gives the author as A. Fairley, and when the item is received the statement of responsibility says 'Alan Fairley', the heading on ABN should be changed from 'Fairley, A.' to 'Fairley, Alan' even if there is no other A. Fairley on the database.

b. Verified personal name headings can be changed when the original heading clearly no longer represents the predominant usage of the author. This decision to change should be applied with discretion and such changes should not be actively sought out. This restriction is necessary because there is often no guarantee that an author will use a particular form of name consistently in his publications. The original verified form of name may have been based on just one record and a second record entering the database may contain a different form but this change does not necessarily mean a readily discernible consistent change of form. The third and subsequent records entering the database may well necessitate change back to the original verified form.

c. With the exception of Australian headings, verified personal name headings may be changed to LCNA form if an LC record entering the database creates a conflicting heading in the Vocabulary File and the LC heading is flagged AACR2 in LCNA and does not conflict with ABN rule interpretations and options.

In these circumstances, exercise judgement as to whether it is better to change the existing heading to the LCNA form. For example, in the case of a prolific literary author where the LCNA form cannot be adequately mapped because of the frequent occurrence of subdivisions, the LCNA form of heading should be used; however, in the case of writers of nonfiction who are unlikely to be the subject of other works, a library may choose to merge the LCNA heading to the ABN form and create a mapping reference.

d. The Standards Committee recognises the 'reference value' of having a person's life and death dates in the authority file and consequently allows the amendment of Australian personal name authority records to include such data. Implementation on ABN is optional and will result in a small amount of ongoing maintenance to eliminate duplicate headings from national and local systems. [ABN/SC/1997/RES/1]

Corporate name headings

Verified corporate name headings can only be changed in the following situations:

a. A subsequent heading produces a conflict and it is necessary to change the original heading to distinguish the different corporate bodies.

b. Where the original heading does not conform to ABN rule interpretations and options. For example, a heading verified before the arrival of CSB 11, which would now be qualified, should be changed to the qualified form, regardless of the form found on a national agency authority fiche.

c. Headings can be changed when the original heading clearly no longer represents the predominant usage of the body.

d. With the exception of Australian headings, verified corporate name headings may be changed to LCNA form if an LC record entering the database creates a conflicting heading and the LC heading is flagged AACR2 in LCNA and does not conflict with ABN rule interpretations and options.

Part C.10: Authority work on high level records

Whenever a participant inputs a high level record or upgrades a record to high level status, that participant is required to complete authority work on all name, series and uniform title headings in the record.

The Standards Committee has determined that authority work on the headings should be completed within a month of the input or upgrading of the record to high level status. This requirement will be enforced in the following ways:

a. Any participant finding a high level record which does not satisfy the above requirements may request the ABN Office to delete the high level flag.

b. The Australian National Bibliography Unit may delete the high level LCD flag from any record which does not satisfy the above criteria and which is preventing an ANB record from entering the database.

Participants are free to choose a method which best suits their workflow to ensure that all headings in their high level records are worked on. Some possible methods are suggested in the ABN authority control manual. [ABN/SC/1984/RES/61]

Part C 11 : Subject Headings and genre headings for fiction
[ABN/SC/1994/RES/10]

ABN users may add subject headings and genre headings for fiction in accordance with Guidelines on subject access to individual works of fiction, drama, etc. Chicago : American Library Association, 1990.

The SGE (Genre/form heading) tag should be used for genre headings.

ABN users may not remove these headings from records on ABN if the headings are in accordance with the above guidelines.

Part C 12: Guidelines for using the SUN field to Enhance Access by the use of Uncontrolled Index Terms

TheABN Standards Committee wishes to encourage the use of USMARC field 653 (SUN in ABN) for uncontrolled index terms, in order to enhance records on ABN. These guidelines are offered to assist cataloguers to create data in the SUN field. The guidelines have been based on the Library of Congress Guidelines for applying field 653 to MLC records, which appear in the Library of Congress Cataloguing service bulletin no 50, Fall 1990.

Scope of guidelines

These guidelines may be applied to any bibliographic record, but they will be particularly useful for records for which a cataloguer is unable to assign subject headings, such as foreign language materials. The guidelines allow the cataloguer to enhance access quickly and inexpensively by providing additional terms which may be indexed by the computer system to improve subject access. These guidelines are offered to assist cataloguers to assign terms quickly and easily in the SUN field.

Format of field 653/SUN

Example:

TILA0      $a     Monnaie, institutions financieres et politique monetaire
SUNG       $aaa   Money;$a financial institutions;$monetary policy

(The USMARC format has defined indicators to allow the cataloguer to express the level (hierarchy) of the index terms. For the time being, the Standards Committeee does not suggest that different levels be used, as this would detract from the speed and simplicity of the process).

Selection of words for the SUN field

Example:     SUNG    $a   $Breach of promise
Example: 
TILA0  $a   $Guia do estudante de historia medieval portuguesa 
SUNG   $a   $Portuguese medieval history
Example 
TILA3   $a   La caravana del hambre
SUNG    $a   $Hunger
Example: 
TILA2   $a   $A glasznoszty
SUNG    $a   $Glasnost
Example: 
TILA0   $a   $My name is Hilda
SUNG    $a   $Hilda Kramer
TILA0   $a   $Catedral de la Immaculata Concepción Valladolid de Comayagua
SUNG    $a   $Cathedral of the Immaculate Conception 

Contents and Introduction | Part A Tools and Abbrevs. | Part B Cataloguing Policy | Part D Cataloguing Guidelines | Part E Cataloguing Standards | Part F Miscellaneous | Part G Subject Heading Policy