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Archiving

Limit to: Software archiving | Web archiving

In ensuring persistent access to digital heritage, the complementary processes of archiving and preservation are intertwined. In her paper 'Ensuring Long-Term Access to Online Publications', Margaret Phillips distinguishes between the two activities: archiving involves the identification, collection and provision of access to digital records in their current format, whilst preservation refers to the management of electronic materials so that they remain accessible as technology changes. Nevertheless, the twin processes are difficult to separate and both are included in the discussion of archiving which follows below. To add to this complexity, a coherent understanding of what constitutes a reliable archive for storage of archived materials has proved difficult to define. This is partly due to the diversity of digital record types and archival interests, though a recent joint RLG-OCLC draft report, which documents the work of the Digital Archive Attributes Working Group, has made an important contribution to this area.

The dynamic and ephemeral nature of digital publications presents a special challenge for archiving. Unless persistent identification systems are employed, documents can be moved to new locations without trace or disappear entirely from the web, or incorporate changes to content in a way which can prove difficult to capture and control. In addition, rapid changes in technology mean that documents created in current formats, may be obsolete and inaccessible within a decade. As many electronic documents contain links to or are functionally dependent on other internet locations, guarantees of functionality present added challenges for any archival system. The facility with which electronic documents may be reproduced means that intellectual property rights issues also need to be addressed before materials can be copied. Once electronic records have been collected, archival repositories also require appropriate infrastructures to enable storage, maintenance and access over the long term.

To find answers to such problems, defining work in digital archiving was carried out by the joint Commission on Preservation & Access (CPA)/RLG Task Force on Archiving of Digital Information. Its seminal report, issued in 1996, marked a turning point in thinking about archiving issues, and introduced important recommendations for the attributes of trusted digital repositories. Drawing on the work of the Task Force, the OAIS Reference Model, as developed by the Consultative Committee for Space Data Systems (CCSDS), has provided an influential international standard framework for digital archival systems. The OAIS has been widely adopted, and has been used to inform important undertakings such as the NEDLIB and CEDARS programs. The work of the OAI (Open Archives Initiative) has also made valuable contributions to the development of an interoperable architecture for the various archival systems.

Several other schemes have proved to be important in pioneering new approaches for capture and long-term digital archiving. From its inception in 1996, the Swedish Kulturarw3 (Cultural Heritage Cubed) project has explored methods for the collection, preservation and provision of access to Swedish online documents, based on a model of periodic harvesting of the entire Swedish domain. Adopting a different approach, the National Library of Australia has concurrently created the PANDORA archive, which is an archive of selected Australian online publications deemed to be of national significance and long term research value. In Finland, the EVA archival system to collect, register and store internet publications and ensure their long-term preservation, has been a joint project of libraries, publishers and expert organisations within the country since 1997.

Under this topic are links to resources detailing digital archiving projects, as well as to articles and papers which provide contributions to digital archiving theory.

Text last updated: Jan 2002

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Articles

100-Year Archive DILEMMA
Mearian, Lucas (Date Created: Jul 2005)
"As digital tapes and optical discs pile higher and higher in the cavernous rooms of offsite archive providers, businesses are finding them increasingly expensive to maintain. The storage industry is working on the problems of data archiving from various angles. One solution to the backward-compatibility problem is to convert data to common plain-text formats, such as ASCII or Unicode. Another approach is to use PDF files to store long-term data. On the media side, the Storage Networking Industry Association is working toward solving what it calls the '100-year archive dilemma' through a standards effort for media."
http://www.computerworld.com/hardwaretopics/storage/story/0,10801,1033
82,00.html
Computerworld, Vol. 39, Issue 30 (July 25, 2005)
2007 Australian Federal Election on the Internet
Crook, Edgar (Date Created: Dec 2007) (Australia)
This paper describes the challenge of archiving web sites for the Australian 2007 Federal Election in the PANDORA web archive.
http://www.nla.gov.au/nla/staffpaper/2007/documents/Election2007.pdf
Historical 2nd ECDL Workshop on Web Archiving
Day, Michael In: Cultivate Interactive (Date Created: Nov 2002)
A report from the 2nd ECDL Workshop on Web Archiving held in Rome on the 19th September 2002 organised by the Bibliothèque nationale de France (BnF) and the Vienna University of Technology.
http://www.cultivate-int.org/issue8/ecdlws2/
Historical 3rd ECDL Workshop on Web Archiving
Day, Michael In: Ariadne (Date Created: 30 Oct 2003)
A report on the 3rd ECDL Workshop on Web Archives held in Trondheim in August 2003, describing work presented on identifiers, web archiving tools and experiences in web archiving from various countries.
http://www.ariadne.ac.uk/issue37/ecdl-web-archiving-rpt/
4th International Web Archiving Workshop
Day, Michael (Date Created: 30 Oct 2004)
The 4th International Web Archiving Workshop was held at the University of Bath in September as part of ECDL 2004. This workshop report features a paragraph summary of each paper.
http://www.ariadne.ac.uk/issue41/ecdl-web-archiving-rpt/
In Ariadne, Issue 4, October 2004
Historical 5th Joint Technical Symposium : Image and Sound Archiving and Access - the challenges of the 3rd Millennium: Abstracts
Joint Technical Symposium/Commission Superieure Technique de l'Image et du Son (Date Created: Jan 2000) (France)
Abstracts of papers and posters presented at this meeting are available in pdf.
http://web.archive.org/web/20041010230730/http://www.cst.fr/jts2000/en
/index.htm
Full proceedings (book or CD-ROM) may be ordered from JTS Paris secretariat: http://www.cst.fr/jts2000/en/index.htm#actes
New 9th International Web Archiving Workshop (IWAW 2009) Corfu, Greece, September/October, 2009: Workshop Proceedings
Masanes, Julien (ed.); Rauber, Andreas (ed.); Spaniol, Marc (ed.) (Date Created: Oct 2009)
This workshop proceedings (56 p.) includes 7 papers given at IWAW 2009 (Corfu, Greece 30 September - 1 October 2009).
http://www.iwaw.net/09/IWAW2009.pdf
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Historical Access in the Future Tense
Greenstein, Daniel; Ivey, Bill; Kenney, Anne R.; Lavoie, Brian; Smith, Abby (Date Created: Apr 2004) (United States of America)
This report, based on papers presented at a Council on Library and Information Resources (CLIR) conference held in May 2003, focuses on preservation and stewardship in the education and research area, including digital preservation of the resources. Preservation topics related to institutional collaboration, cost of maintenance of a digital collection, legal challenges, and policy issues are discussed. Papers include Mapping the Preservation Landscape by Abby Smith ; Library Stewardship in the Digital Age by Daniel Greenstein ; Collection, Preservation and the Changing Resource Base by Anne R. Kenney ; Issues in Intangible Cultural Heritage by Bill Ivey ; Of Mice and Memory : Economically Sustainable Preservation for the Twenty-first Century by Brian Lavoie ; In Support of Long Term Access by Abby Smith.
ISBN: 193232609x
http://www.clir.org/pubs/reports/pub126/pub126.pdf
Historical Access to Web Archives: the Nordic Web Archive Access Project
Brygfjeld, Svein Arne (Date Created: 22 Aug 2002) (Scandinavia)
Presented at the 68th IFLA General Conference and Council held in Glasgow, 18-24th August, 2002, this paper describes a prototype access system for access to large-scale web archives, as developed by the Nordic Web Archive Access Project. The project is an initiative of the National Libraries of Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden.
http://archive.ifla.org/IV/ifla68/papers/090-163e.pdf
Also available in French at http://archive.ifla.org/IV/ifla68/papers/090-163f.pdf
Accountability and Accessibility : Ensuring the Evidence of E-governance in Australia
Cunningham, Adrian; Phillips, Margaret E. (Date Created: Aug 2005) (Australia)
This article is an updated version of a earlier article called Keeping Online Information Accessible for E-governance and E-democracy published in 2004. The article focuses on the need for government agencies and other institutions to ensure that electronic publications and organisational records are collected, managed and preserved as a means of ensuring long-term access for the benefit of e-governance and e-democracy. The article provides definitions of online publications and online records; explores the role of libraries and archives in e-government, including initiatives undertaken at the National Library of Australia and National Archives of Australia; addresses factors that contribute to the vulnerability of online information; and concludes with a list of factors that inhibit the long-term availability of online information for e-governance and e-democracy.
http://www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/00012530510612059
Aslib Proceedings, ISSN 0001-253X , vol. 57, no. 4, pp. 301-317. Available via subscription from www.emeraldinsight.com
Historical Acid Free Bits : Recommendations for Long-Lasting Electronic Literature
Montfort, Nick; Wardrip-Fruin, Noah (Date Created: 14 Jun 2004)
The purpose of this article is to raise awareness of preservation issues for the creators of e-literature. The article begins by outlining the principles and methods of creating long lived e-literature. The author encourages the incorporation of preservation activities as part of the creation process or at least an awareness of preservation issues when decisions in the creation process are made, such as the use of non-proprietary systems, formats, and the use of adequate documentation.
http://www.eliterature.org/pad/afb.html
Adapting Existing Technologies for Digitally Archiving Personal Lives: Digital Forensics, Ancestral Computing, and Evolutionary Perspectives and Tools
John, Jeremy Leighton (Date Created: 29 Sep 2008) (United Kingdom)
This paper given at iPRES 2008 (British Library Conference Centre, 29-30 Sept. 2008) considers the use of existing technologies for digital curation in the context of personal digital archives and the Digital Manuscripts Project at the British Library. Technologies derived from computer forensics, data conversion, classic and evolutionary computing are discussed and the importance of using multiple technologies rather than a single approach is stressed.
http://www.bl.uk/ipres2008/presentations_day1/09_John.pdf
Addressing the Uncertain Future of Preserving the Past: Towards a Robust Strategy for Digital Archiving and Preservation
Stijn Hoorens; Jeff Rothenberg; Constantijn van Oranje; Martin van der Mandele; Ruth Levitt (Date Created: 2007) (Netherlands)
This report prepared for the Koninklijke Bibliotheek reviews the history of digital preservation, the role of National Libraries and publishers and discusses the dynamic environment of scholarly publishing. The report considers the strategy implications for the KB and its e-Depot archive.
http://www.rand.org/pubs/technical_reports/TR510/
Summary and Full document in PDF available for download from http://www.rand.org/pubs/technical_reports/TR510/ also available for sale. RAND (Technical ) Report TR-510-KB
Advancing Geospatial Data Curation
Bose, Rajendra; Reitsma, Femka (Date Created: Nov 2005) (United Kingdom)
This paper delivered at PV 2005 discusses the issues in the emerging discipline of Geospatial data curation.
http://www.ukoln.ac.uk/events/pv-2005/pv-2005-final-papers/030.pdf
Historical It Always Hurts the First Time: Experiences with Transferred Electronic Records
van Dijk, Marcel In: Cultivate Interactive (Date Created: Feb 2003) (Netherlands)
This case study notes the problems of transferring electronic records to the Amsterdam Public Record Office from a government agency. The study covers issues such as project planning, metadata, various file formats such as e-mails and text files.
http://www.cultivate-int.org/issue9/amsterdammro/
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Historical The Andrew W. Mellon Foundation's e-Journal Archiving Program: Summary of the Projects and their Progress
Digital Library Federation (DLF) (Last Updated: 28 Dec 2001) (United States of America)
An overview of progress to December 2001 of the electronic journal (e-journal) archiving projects under way at the Libraries of Cornell University, Harvard University, MIT, the University of Pennsylvania, the New York Public Library, the LOCKSS system project at the Stanford Libraries and the collaboration between Yale Library and Elsevier Science.
http://www.diglib.org/preserve/ejpreps.htm
Historical Application of Persistent Identifiers as One Approach to Ensure Guarantee Long-Term Availability of Online Theses : the Established Uniform Resource Name (URN) Management at Die Deutsche Bibliothek
Schroeder, Kathrin (Date Created: May 2003) (Germany)
This article discusses the implementation, management and structure of URNs at Die Deutsche Bibliothek (German National Library), within the international NBN (National Bibliography Number) name space of national libraries. Practical experiences of URN management including workflows, current activities and examples are also included.
http://edoc.hu-berlin.de/etd2003/schroeder-kathrin/HTML/index.html
Historical Applying the Lessons Learned from Retrospective Archiving to the Digital Archiving Conundrum
Heterick, Bruce (Date Created: 2002) (United States of America)
Since 1995 JSTOR has been converting back issues of paper journals into electronic formats. This article provides an overview of the activities of JSTOR in creating an archive of scholarly journals. Included in the piece is a summary of JSTOR’s mission; an explanation of who contributes and uses the archive; a discussion of principles considered fundamental to digital preservation; and a description of five main challenges in archiving electronic content (rights and responsibilities, content, functionality, migration and business model).
http://iospress.metapress.com/content/1wfdrr1waf8ddax8/
Available in Information Services & Use, Vol 22, Issue 2/3, 2002, pp. 113-120, ISSN 0167-5265
Appraisal of Digital Resources in the Public Sector: A General Introduction from a DELOS Report
Guercio,Maria (Date Created: 18 Nov 2008)
This briefing paper from Digital Preservation Europe provides an introduction to the appraisal and selection of digital resources in the public sector as part of the preservation process. It is based on research for a report for the DELOS project.
http://www.digitalpreservationeurope.eu/publications/briefs/Appraisal-
of-Digital-ResourcesEN.pdf
Digital Preservation Europe Briefing Paper
Appraising Digital Records for Long-Term Preservation
Eastwood, Terry (Date Created: Dec 2004)
This article discusses electronic record appraisal from an archival viewpoint but draws inferences that may be helpful in the preservation of other types of data, such as scientific data. The article discusses the various stages and processes of appraisal as a first step in digital preservation. The Appraisal Task Force of the InterPARES project is also outlined.
http://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/dsj/3/0/202/_pdf
Data Science Journal, ISSN 1683-1470, Vol. 3, 2004, pp. 202-208,
Approaches to Managing & Collecting Born-Digital Literary Materials for Scholarly Use: White Paper to the NEH Office of Digital Humanities
Farr, Erika; Kirschenbaum, Matthew G.; Kraus, Kari M.; Nelson, Naomi L.; Peters, Catherine Stollar; REside, Doug; Redwine, Gabriela (Date Created: May 2009) (United States of America)
This white paper (33 p.) reports on a series of visits and meetings for personnel working with the born-digital components of significant collections of literary material at Emory University, the Harry Ransom Humanities Research Centre at the University of Texas at Austin and the Maryland Institute for Technology in the Humanities. The purpose of the visits was to exchange knowledge and to prepare a larger collaborative proposal aimed at preserving and accessing the born digital documents and records of contemporary authors. The paper includes descriptions of digital components (hardware and software) of the selected personal papers collections and methods/tools and strategies used by the institutions to deal with them.
http://www.neh.gov/ODH/Default.aspx?tabid=111&id=37
APSR Sustainability Issues Discussion Paper
Bradley, Kevin (Date Created: 28 Jan 2005)
This comprehensive paper examines various aspects of digital sustainability. These include economic aspects, such as costing, funding and business models; technological aspects, such as repositories, formats, bit stream and persistence; and risk and risk management. Also included is a summary of specific issues and their associated tasks. The document also includes an extensive bibliography.
http://www.apsr.edu.au/documents/APSR_Sustainability_Issues_Paper.pdf
Architecture of DAMP : a System for Harvesting and Archiving Web Publications
Milinovic, Miroslav ; Topolscak, Nebojsa (Date Created: Jul 2005) (Croatia)
This article discusses the DAMP project (Digital Archive for Web Publications). DAMP is used to archive Croatian websites. It was developed by The University Computing Centre based at the University of Zagreb (SRCE) and the National and University Library (NUL) in Zagreb. The article discusses the first version of DAMP, including its architecture, the gathering process and future developments such as the instigation of an authentication and authorisation system.
http://widwisawn.cdlr.strath.ac.uk/Issues/Vol3/issue3_3_1.html
WIDWISAWN, Vol. 3, no. 3 (July 2005)
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Archival Data Format Requirements
Christensen, Steen S. (Date Created: Jul 2004) (Denmark)
This document discusses the requirements of the Netarkivet in terms of both file formats and metadata. The document outlines the basic requirements for storage formats that can be used for long term preservation. Different storage formats are then evaluated in relation to Netarkivet specifications and a recommendation for a suitable long term storage format is made.
http://netarkivet.dk/publikationer/Archival_format_requirements-2004.p
df
Archive Ingest and Handling Test (AIHT) : Final Report
Shirky, Clay (Date Created: Jun 2005) (United States of America)
The Archive Ingest and Handling Test (AIHT) was designed to test a proposed preservation architecture. The test had two phases; phase one tested the transfer from the donating archive and data handling within local systems; phase two tested export and import between the participants. The participants of the project were the Library of Congress, Stanford University, Old Dominion University, Johns Hopkins University and Harvard University Library. A common data set, the George Mason University 9/11 archive, provided the data for the test.
http://www.digitalpreservation.gov/partners/aiht/high/ndiipp_aiht_fina
l_report.pdf
Archive With Care
Rees, Peter (Date Created: Jun 2005)
This article covers the problems of a lack of open format standards from the perspective of the research data recorded in ELNs (Electronic Laboratory Notebooks), in particular their use by the pharmaceutical industry. Although formats like PDF/A can solve some problems, there is still reliance on proprietary file formats used in analytical instruments and other scientific software.
http://www.scientific-computing.com/features/feature.php?feature_id=40
Issue 82 (June 2005), Scientific Computing World
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Historical Archives in the Regions: An overview of the English Regional Archive Strategies
The National Council on Archives (Date Created: 2001) (United Kingdom)
This report draws together the nine English Regional Archive Strategies. A key area of work highlighted in the report is to find solutions for some of the larger challenges currently facing the domain, such as sustainable arrangements for the management and preservation of digital records, and improving access to conservation services across the regions.
http://www.ncaonline.org.uk/materials/archivesinregionsoverview.pdf
Historical Archiving and Accessing Web Pages : the Goddard Library Web Capture Project
Allen, Robert B. ; Anderson, Nikkia; Hodge, Gail; Senserini, Alessandro ; Smith, Daniel In: D-Lib magazine (Date Created: Nov 2004) (United States of America)
This is a report on capturing intranet web pages by the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center. The aim of the Web Capture project was to ensure the long term preservation of this information, and to extract and index metadata in a format that is searchable. The article discusses how this was achieved including descriptions of system flow, web site selection, and the capture process. Technical limitations of the process are also discussed.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1045/november2004-hodge
http://www.dlib.org/dlib/november04/hodge/11hodge.html
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Historical Archiving and Preserving PDF Files
Ockerbloom, John Mark In: RLG DigiNews (Date Created: Feb 2001)
This article examines the long-term preservation of Adobe Portable Document Format (PDF) files. Possible migration strategies for PDF documents are outlined and appropriate techniques for archiving are discussed.
http://worldcat.org/arcviewer/1/OCC/2007/08/08/0000070513/viewer/file5
58.html#feature2
Archiving Archaeological Data -- Is There a Viable Business Model for a U.S. Repository?
Eiteljorg, Harrison (Date Created: 2005) (United States of America)
This article explores the problems of a lack of active digital repositories for archaeological data in the United States. The author proposes that a lack of funding and a viable business model for this type of archive is in part responsible for this situation.
http://csanet.org/newsletter/winter05/nlw0501.html
CSA Newsletter, vol. XVII, no. 3 (Winter 2005)
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Historical Archiving Digital Cultural Artifacts: Organizing an Agenda for Action
Kahle, Brewster; Lyman, Peter In: D-Lib magazine (Date Created: Jul 1998)
In this article, Peter Lyman and Brewster Kahle of the Internet Archive describe the World Wide Web as a new kind of cultural artifact requiring new kinds of management techniques, giving examples of innovative approaches already on the Web. Further technical work is proposed, including developments in legal and data transmission infrastructures, technologies for digital publishing, digital libraries and archives, and time-capsule technologies.
http://www.dlib.org/dlib/july98/07lyman.html
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Archiving E-mail
Boudrez, Filip; Van den Eynde, Sofie (Date Created: Aug 2002)
A report from the Flemish DAVID Project examining in detail the legal and technical issues related to the preservation of email records, including sections on email archiving policies and practice. The report is available in PDF format.
http://www.expertisecentrumdavid.be/davidproject/teksten/Rapporten/Rep
ort4.pdf
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Historical Archiving Electronic Publications: A report of the NISO/BISG Meeting, January 20, 2002
National Information Standards Organisation (NISO) (Last Updated: 02 Feb 2002)
This report from the ALA Midwinter Conference 2002, provides descriptions of three ongoing electronic archiving projects that "examine cost-effective business models for archiving, explore rights issues, and identify the needed standards". Powerpoint slides by presenters from the respective projects area available.
http://www.niso.org/news/events/niso/past/niso_bisg_rpt/
Archiving Foreign Government Statistical Web Sites for All at Indiana University Libraries
Singer, Andrea (Date Created: 26 May 2008) (United States of America)
This paper delivered at the World Library and Information Congress: 74th IFLA General Conference and Council (10-14 August 2008, Québec, Canada), focuses on a government information web site archiving project at Indiana University called National Government Statistical Web Sites (GIMSS). Web sites of national level governmental statistical agencies excluding the European Union, Australia, Canada, and the USA are archived using Archive-It. Statistical agencies from countries in Africa, Asia, Europe, Latin America, the Middle East, Oceania, South Asia, and Southeast Asia are included, with collection comprising approximately 200 sites archived since June 2006.
http://archive.ifla.org/IV/ifla74/papers/130-Singer-en.pdf
Also available in French http://archive.ifla.org/IV/ifla74/papers/130-Singer-trans-fr.pdf
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Historical Archiving Scientific Data
Buneman, Peter; Khanna, Sanjeev; Tajima, Keishi; Tan, Wang-Chiew (Date Created: Jun 2002)
A paper presented at ACM SIGMOD 2002, describing the development of an archiving tool for XML data that allows retention of all previous states of the data as it changes over time. Meaningful change descriptions, retrieval of specific versions and history over time for any element in the archive are supported. The paper is available in a number of formats.
http://db.cis.upenn.edu/research/ki.html
Archiving Temporal Web Information: Organization of Web Contents for Fast Access and Compact Storage
JaJa, Joseph; Song, Sangchul (Date Created: 2008)
This technical report (11 p) address the problem of archiving dynamic web contents over significant time spans through the development of a scheme that stores unique temporal web contents in containers using the ARC/WARC format, and that provides quick access to the archived contents for arbitrary temporal queries.
http://www.umiacs.umd.edu/~joseph/temporal-web-archiving-final-umiacs-
tr-2008-08.pdf
Technical Report UMIACS-TR-2008-08
Historical Archiving the Avant Garde: Documenting and Preserving Variable Media Art
Rinehart, Richard In: D-Lib magazine (Date Created: May 2002)
A brief description of "Archiving the Avant Garde: Documenting and Preserving Variable Media Art", a consortium project whose collaborators include the Berkeley Art Museum and Pacific Film Archive (BAM/PFA), the Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum, the Walker Art Center, Rhizome.org, the Franklin Furnace Archive and the Cleveland Performance Art Festival and Archive.
http://www.dlib.org/dlib/may02/05inbrief.html#RINEHART
Archiving the Canadian Web : Experiences at Library and Archives Canada
Lilleniit, Roselyn (Date Created: Aug 2007) (Canada)
This article describes current practices for selection, acquisition, management and accessibility of Canadian web sites at Library and Archives Canada and outlines future plans.
http://www.informaworld.com/smpp/content~content=a904273506~db=all~ord
er=page
Available in The Serials Librarian, Vol 53, No 1/2, 20 Aug 2007, pp. 139-149
Archiving the Greek Web
Eirinaki, Magdalini; Jevtuchova, Darija; Lampos, Charalampos; Vazirgiannis, Michalis (Date Created: 2004) (Greece)
This paper describes a project to archive Greek orientated web materials using the domain name (.gr), the Greek language and Greek content as selection criteria. It describes the methodology for archiving, including details on the web crawler and semantic analysis, and presents the results of the experiments.
http://www.iwaw.net/04/Lampos.pdf
Archiving the Icelandic Web
Sigurðsson, Kristinn (Date Created: 16 Sep 2006) (Iceland)
This presentation given at ICA-SUV Seminar in Reykjavik, Iceland on 16 September 2006 gives an update on web archiving in Iceland.
http://www2.hi.is/solofile/1009995
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Historical Archiving the Internet
Kahle, Brewster In: Report on the WWW 8 Conference (Date Created: 11 Apr 1996)
Brewster Kahle discusses his rationale for an Internet Archive of public documents. He gives insights into some of the logistical issues including those of data gathering, cost, access and collecting mandate. It is intended that the Archive will provide resources for research and data analysis.
http://web.archive.org/web/20030605113917re_/www.archive.org/sciam_art
icle.html
Archiving the Slovenian Web : Recent Experiences
Grobelnik, Marko; Kavcic-Colic, Alenka (Date Created: 2004) (Slovenia)
This paper reports on a two year project ending in September 2004 which aimed to develop a national repository for the long term preservation of the Slovenian web. The two main goals of the project were to develop a methodology to archive the Slovenian web and to develop a web crawler to facilitate this.
http://www.iwaw.net/04/Kavcic.pdf
This workshop was held in conjunction with the 8th European Conference on Research and Advanced Technologies for Digital Libraries, September 2004.
Historical Archiving the Web - Some Legal Aspects
Kavcic-Colic, Alenka (Date Created: 21 Aug 2002)
A paper presented at the 68th IFLA General Conference and Council held in Glasgow, 18-24 August, 2002, discussing some legal aspects of archiving publications from the web. Copyright and legal deposit legislation are discussed with regard to rights implications for harvesting, public access and long-term preservation.
http://archive.ifla.org/IV/ifla68/papers/116-163e.pdf
Also available in French at http://archive.ifla.org/IV/ifla68/papers/116-163f.pdf
Archiving the Web : Does Whole-of-Domain Archiving = Information Overload?
Pymm, Bob; Wallis, Jake (Date Created: Jan 2009) (Australia)
This paper presented at Information Online 2009 (Sydney Convention Centre, 20-22 January 2009) presents a study comparing results of searching the whole of Australian domain harvest 2007 undertaken by the National Library of Australia in 2007 and selective archiving in the PANDORA web archive. The authors explore the question of the value of whole domain harvests compared to selective archiving.
http://www.information-online.com.au/sb_clients/iog/data/content_item_
files/000001/PresentationB8.pdf
Historical Archiving the Web : European Experiences
Hakala, Juha In: Tietolinja News (Date Created: Oct 2003)
This paper was presented at CONSAL XII, 20-23 October 2003, Brunei, and is an updated version of Collecting and Preserving the Web: Developing and Testing the NEDLIB Harvester, published in 2001. It outlines the outcomes of the NEDLIB Harvester Project for the archiving of Web resources. Some of the key issues in using this form of technology for preserving materials on the Web are reviewed. New developments are discussed including the Nordic Web Archive II project and the establishment of the International Internet Preservation Consortium (IIPC) to develop standards and tools for web archiving.
http://www.kansalliskirjasto.fi/extra/tietolinja/0203/webarchive.html
Historical Archiving the Web : Political Party Web Sites in the Netherlands
Druiven, Henk; Keyzer, André; Voerman, Gerrit; den Hollander, Frank (Date Created: Jun 2003) (Netherlands)
This article describes the Dutch project Archipol, which archives Dutch political Web sites, and examines why this information may be important to researchers in the future. Also discussed are various international initiatives to archive similar Web sites.
http://iospress.metapress.com/content/dmqdln7vt3vp27b9/?p=17748463c0ce
482ea54b6a0106c89ae1&pi=0
Available in Information Services and Use, vol. 23, issue 1 (2003), ISSN 0167-5265
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Historical Archiving the Web: The PANDORA Archive at the National Library of Australia
Cathro, Warwick; Webb, Colin; Whiting, Julie (Date Created: Jun 2001) (Australia)
This paper describes the National Library of Australia's PANDORA web archive. It includes description of the Library's framework for digital collection management, the reasons for a selective approach to web archiving, the archiving processes, persistent identifiers, access control, preservation plans and opportunities for global cooperation and information sharing.
http://www.nla.gov.au/nla/staffpaper/2001/cathro3.html
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Historical Archiving the World Wide Web
Lyman, Peter In: Building a National Strategy for Digital Preservation: Issues in Digital Media Archiving (Date Created: Apr 2002) (United States of America)
A paper in the series of six environmental scans commissioned as part of the US National Digital Information Infrastructure and Preservation Program (NDIIPP), this article examines archiving the web from several perspectives. As well as technical issues, such as those involved in defining the digital object, authenticity and provenance and the technologies needed for preservation, the article considers the roles of librarians and computer scientists in managing digital material and organisational issues such as copyright and the responsibility to preserve.
http://www.clir.org/pubs/reports/pub106/web.html
The collected papers are also available in PDF format via: http://www.clir.org/pubs/abstract/pub106abst.html
Archiving Web Site Resources : a Records Management View
Kelly, Brian; Pennock, Marueen (Date Created: 2006)
This brief paper forms part of the poster exhibition at the 15th International World Wide Web Conference in 2006. The paper describes a records management approach to the archiving and maintenance of web sites so that enough metadata is collected on the resource to ensure legal and archival requirements. The authors propose several ways to facilitate this including collaboration between record creators and managers, education and training.
http://www.dcc.ac.uk/docs/WWW2006_Archiving_Web_Site_Resources.pdf
Poster presented at the WWW 2006 conference, Edinburgh Scotland
Archiving Web Sites for Preservation and Access : MODS, METS and MINERVA
Guenther, Rebecca; Myrick, Leslie (Date Created: Apr 2007) (United States of America)
This article examines the technical challenges in harvesting and managing web archives and metadata strategies using as an example the Library of Congress' Minerva project.
http://www.informaworld.com/smpp/content~content=a902777368~db=all~ord
er=page
Journal of Archival Organization, April 2007, Vol 4 No1-2, p 141-166 and through InformaWorld
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Historical Archiving Websites
Boudrez, Filip; Van den Eynde, Sofie (Date Created: Jul 2002) (Belgium)
A report (95 p., 1.8 MB) from the Flemish DAVID Project examining the need for archiving of web sites, approaches for collection and management, and a range of legal issues including copyright. The report is available in PDF format.
http://www.expertisecentrumdavid.be/davidproject/teksten/Rapporten/Rep
ort5.pdf
Archiving, Indexing and Accessing Web Materials: Solutions for Large Amounts of Data
Cowart, Charles; Minor, David; Moore, Reagan; Zhu, Bing (Date Created: 23 Jun 2007) (United States of America)
This paper given at IWAW 2007(7th International Web Archiving Workshop, Vancouver Canada, 23 June 2007) describes two different technologies applied by the San Diego Super Computer Centre for archiving, indexing and accessing web archived materials for two projects: Library of Congress/San Diego Supercomputer Center and the National Science Digital Library.
http://iwaw.net/07/IWAW2007_minor.pdf
Paper presented at IWAW 2007.
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Historical Arrangement for Depositing Electronic Publications at the Deposit of Netherlands Publications [sic] in the Koninklijke Bibliotheek
Koninklijke Bibliotheek (Date Created: 1999) (Netherlands)
English text of a general agreement made on 10 June 1999 between the Koninklijke Bibliotheek and the Dutch Publishers' Association for the voluntary deposit of on- and offline electronic publications. The arrangement is experimental in nature, and is to be reviewed on a three-yearly basis, with the first evaluation due on or before 1 July 2002. Importantly, dynamic databases, whilst covered by the compass of the agreement, will not be sought on deposit by the KB until technical and other problems associated with their collection, storage and access are fully understood.
http://www.kb.nl/dnp/overeenkomst-nuv-kb-en.pdf
Historical Aspects of Digital Preservation and Archiving Forum
Research Libraries Group In: RLG DigiNews (Date Created: 15 Jun 1999)
This is a brief write-up of the Digital Preservation and Archiving Forum which took place 20-21 May 1999 at Emory University. It is mainly a list of words of wisdom.
http://worldcat.org/arcviewer/1/OCC/2007/08/08/0000070519/viewer/file3
535.html#rlg-news
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Historical Attributes of File Formats for Long Term Preservation of Scientific and Engineering Data in Digital Libraries
Barkstrom, Bruce R.; Folk, Mike (Date Created: 2002)
This paper was produced as part of the Investigating Scientific Data Management Applications with Electronic Records Project sponsored by NARA (National Archives and Records Administration). The paper discusses the characteristics of file formats that can be advantageous in the preservation and storage of scentific and engineering data. File formats are discussed in the context of archival storage and access, usability, data integrity and maintainability and durability.
http://www.ncsa.uiuc.edu/NARA/Sci_Formats_and_Archiving.doc
Historical Audio Archiving for 100 Years & Longer : Once We Decide What to Save, How Should We Do It?
Gladney, Henry (Date Created: Jul 2001)
Gladney's 10 page letter to the editor of the Journal of the Audio Engineering Society places the issues of audio preservation within the frame and concerns of digital preservation generally. It also provides a critique of current digital preservation approaches. He argues that low cost technology has encouraged the use of digital systems for audio by many libraries and archives but that little attention has been paid to the long term preservation of audio documents. These "incompletely solved challenges", he further states, avail themselves of technical solutions, but that the greatest issues will be economic and political.
http://www.aes.org/journal/suppmat/gladney_2001_7.pdf
Journal of the Audio Engineering Society, vol. 49, no. 7/8, July/August 2001
Audit and Certification of Digital Repositories : Creating a Mandate for the Digital Curation Centre (DCC)
McHugh, Andrew; Ross, Seamus In: RLG DigiNews (Date Created: 15 Oct 2005) (United Kingdom)
This article provides an introduction to audit and certification in digital repositories. Various issues are discussed including what conditions must be satisfied for a digital repository to attain trusted status, how can a repository formalise its trusted status and gaining an audit and certification mandate. The activities and initiatives of the Digital Curation Centre in regard to audit and certification are also discussed.
http://worldcat.org/arcviewer/1/OCC/2007/08/08/0000070511/viewer/file3
025.html#article1
Australian Web Domain Harvests: A Preliminary Quantitative Analysis of the Archive Data
Koerbin, Paul (Date Created: 15 Apr 2008) (Australia)
This report provides a preliminary quantitative analysis of content from three Australian web domain harvests conducted between 2005 and 2007. It reports on the size of the Australian web harvests; number and percentage of hosts and URLs by 2nd level domain; MIME types and changes between the 2006 and 2007 harvests.
http://pandora.nla.gov.au/documents/auscrawls.pdf
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Historical Austrian Online Archive Processing: Analyzing Archives of the World Wide Web
Aschenbrenner, Andreas; Rauber, Andreas; Witvoet, Oliver (Date Created: Sep 2002) (Austria)
A paper describing the use of OLAP technologies (On-Line Analytical Processing) to build a data warehouse of a web archive. Data warehousing allows exploration and analysis of technical aspects of the archive, such as the use of operating systems, scripts and file types, from which inferences of change over time may be drawn.
http://www.ifs.tuwien.ac.at/ifs/research/pub_pdf/rau_ecdl02.pdf
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Historical Authenticity of Electronic Records : a Report Prepared for UNESCO and the International Council on Archives
Millar, Laura (Date Created: Jan 2004)
This report, prepared for UNESCO and the International Council on Archives (ICA), extends the analysis and recommendations of the 2002 ICA report to UNESCO on authenticity of electronic records, especially with regard to developing countries. The central question addressed by this report is: what measures are necessary for records and archives professionals, especially in developing countries, to ensure the authenticity of electronic records and so ensure the preservation of, and continued access to this information.
http://www.ica.org/en/node/30209
ICA Study 13-2
Automated Batch Archival Processing: Preserving Arnold Wesker's Digital Manuscripts
Dong, Lorraine A.; Durden, Megan; Kim, Sarah (Last Updated: 2008) (United States of America)
This article in Archival Issues describes a project to develop an automated batch archival process for born digital manuscripts by graduate students at the Harry Ransom Humanities Research Center at the University of Texas using the Harold Wesker digital manuscripts as a case study in Spring 2007. The article describes the background to the project, file processing, batch ingesting into DSpace, project results and suggestions including recommended elements for an automated batch archival processing toolkit.
http://repositories.lib.utexas.edu/handle/2152/6003
Archival Issues : Journal of the Midwest Archives Conference, ISSN 1067-4993 V. 30, No. 2 (2006) pp 91-106
Automating Online Delivery of Database Content : an Open-Source XML- Based Alternative
Berko, Monica; Wong, David (Date Created: Jul 2005)
One of the goals of the Deep Web working group of the IIPC (International Internet Preservation Consortium) was to develop a web-based access tool to search and navigate structured data archives, stored as XML, which are the long-term preservation copies of deposited databases and document archives. This paper describes the development of a public domain tool to provide access to archived databases. It describes the background and search for this type of software and examines several alternatives, including Xing and Xedit.
http://ausweb.scu.edu.au/aw05/papers/refereed/berko/paper.html
Paper presented at the Ausweb Conference, July 2-5, 2005 at the Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
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Automating Preservation : New Developments in the PRONOM Service
Brown, Adrian In: RLG DigiNews (Date Created: 15 Apr 2005) (United Kingdom)
PRONOM 4 is due to be launched in June 2005. This article discusses the revisions and enhancements available in the new version, including technical registry enhancements, automatic file format identification and the development of PRONOM unique identifiers (PUI).
http://worldcat.org/arcviewer/1/OCC/2007/08/08/0000070519/viewer/file9
59.html#article1
Barriers or Stepping Stones? : Impediments to Digital Archiving and Preservation Programs
Webb, Colin In: CLIR issues (Date Created: 2003) (Australia)
This article provides a brief overview of the impediments that the National Library of Australia has encountered in developing its digital preservation programs, including lack of expertise, costs and a lack of suitable preservation management tools. Mr Webb postulates that these barriers may well appear as stepping stones when viewed retrospectively.
http://www.clir.org/pubs/issues/issues34.html#webb
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Historical Best Practices for Digital Archiving: An Information Lifecycle Approach
Hodge, Gail In: D-Lib magazine (Date Created: Jan 2000)
This report is based on a study commissioned by the International Council for Scientific and Technical Information (ICSTI), in March 1999 to highlight the importance of digital archiving (long-term storage, preservation and access to information that is "born digital"). Project managers from a selection of projects including web archives were surveyed about the methods they were using in their project regarding: Creation; Acquisition and Collection Development; Identification and Cataloguing; Storage; Preservation; Access.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1045/january2000-hodge
http://www.dlib.org/dlib/january00/01hodge.html
Historical Bits and Bites of Data Formats : Stainless Design for Digital Endurance
Aschenbrenner, Andreas In: RLG DigiNews (Date Created: Feb 2004)
This paper analyses the use of XML as a preservation format, particularly in those areas which may be problematic. The article discusses the ideal design criteria for the development data types and then concentrates on the shortcomings or concerns of XML in preserving data formats.
http://worldcat.org/arcviewer/1/OCC/2007/08/08/0000070511/viewer/file3
683.html#article2
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Historical Blog Today, Gone Tomorrow? Preservation of Weblogs
Entlich, Richard In: RLG DigiNews (Date Created: 15 Aug 2004)
Blogs (weblogs) are a recent development on the Internet and they are becoming more popular as a communication tool. The article outlines the nature and ephemeral life of weblogs and how content can be lost, and also looks at the nascent efforts to preserve them.
http://worldcat.org/arcviewer/1/OCC/2007/08/08/0000070513/viewer/file1
789.html#article3
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Historical Blueprint for Representation Information in the OAIS model
Holdsworth, David; Sergeant, Derek In: Cedars : Curl Exemplars in Digital Archives Project
This paper describes the current scheme for representation information employed in the CEDARS project.
http://www.personal.leeds.ac.uk/~ecldh/cedars/nasa2000/nasa2000.html
Historical Brewster Kahle on the Internet Archive and People's Technology
Rein, Lisa (Date Created: 22 Jan 2004) (United States of America)
In this interview, Brewster Kahle, the founder of the Internet Archive, discusses the philosophy and direction of the Archive. Also discussed are projects in collaboration with the Library of Congress, the implementation of new technologies and some common difficulties in archiving certain files and websites.
http://www.openp2p.com/lpt/a/4563
Historical British Library Strategic Developments
Brindley, Lynne (Date Created: Apr 2003) (United Kingdom)
This article, based on a paper given at the 26th UKSG (United Kingdom Serials Group) Conference in April 2003, looks at recent strategic developments at the British Library (BL). As well as exploring the factors that have influenced such strategies, the author also addresses the new roles of the BL in relation to the areas of digital acquisition, digital article services and digital preservation and archiving. Included in the article is an overview of the current legal deposit (2003) situation in the UK in relation to digital materials, as well as a summary of the BL’s digital infrastructure development.
http://serials.uksg.org/app/home/contribution.asp?referrer=parent&back
to=issue,4,24;journal,18,64;linkingpublicationresults,1:107730,1
In Serials The Journal for the Serials Group, (ISSN 0953-0460) Vol. 16, No. 2, July 2003, pp. 125-129.
Building a Digital Archive : a Dutch Experience
Horsman, Peter; Pompe, Klaartje In: RLG DigiNews (Date Created: 15 Dec 2005) (Netherlands)
This article describes a project to develop a digital repository for the long term preservation of the digital contents of the Municipal Archives of Rotterdam. The project is a collaboration between the Archives and the Netherlands Archives School. The article outlines the processes and objectives over 2 years, including the project management technique of 'time boxing'; migration of documents to XML; system design; and testing DSpace. The article ends with some observations on open source software.
http://worldcat.org/arcviewer/1/OCC/2007/08/08/0000070511/viewer/file3
502.html#article2
Historical Building A Digital Library Of Television News
Breeding, Marshall (Date Created: Jun 2003) (United States of America)
This article is a brief overview of the processes involved in establishing a digital archive of television news videotapes at the Vanderbilt Television News Archives in the USA. The author examines some technical apects of converting and preserving the videotape into a digital format; explains the different phases of the project, such as the creation of metadata and the establishment of the digitisation process; and provides an overview of the costs and challenges facing the project.
http://www.librarytechnology.org/ltg-displaytext.pl?RC=10346
Also available in PDF version, Computers in Libraries, June 2003, Vol 23, Issue 6, ISSN 1041-7915 and by subscription online at www.ebscohost.com/
Historical Building a Digital Preservation Archive: Tales From the Front
Caplan, Priscilla (Date Created: Jan 2004) (United States of America)
This article concentrates on the development of a digital archive by the Florida Centre for Library Automation (FCLA). The FCLA supports the libraries of public universities in Florida and initiated the FCLA digital archive (FDA) as a means of assisting such libraries in the preservation of digital collections. At the time of writing (2004) the FDA had been under development for about a year, and the author describes the background and different stages of the project, provides an overview of the archive’s functional design and highlights how action plans and preservation strategies have had to be modified since the initial stages of the project.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03055720410530988
http://ninetta.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/03055720410530988
Also available in PDF version and in VINE, Vol 34, No 1, 2004, pp. 38-42, ISSN 0305-5278 (Special Issue: Digital Preservation and Libraries. Part One).
Building a Digital Repository: A Practical Implementation
Boudrez, Filip (Date Created: 30 Aug 2008) (Belgium)
This paper given at iPRES 2008 (British Library Conference Centre, 29-30 Sept. 2008) provides a case study for the implementation of a digital repository at the Antwerp City Archives. Organisational issues and the importance of aligning record-keeping and digital archiving practices are emphasised.
http://www.bl.uk/ipres2008/presentations_day2/42_Boudrez.pdf
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Historical Building a National Strategy for Digital Preservation: Issues in Digital Media Archiving
Council on Library and Information Resources (CLIR) (Date Created: Apr 2002) (United States of America)
A collection of papers commissioned by the Library of Congress and the Council on Library and Information Resources as a background to developing the National Digital Information Infrastructure and Preservation Program. Topics of the papers covered "six principal areas in which the LC faces collection-management issues: large Web sites, electronic books, electronic journals, digitally recorded sound, digital film, and digital television."
http://www.clir.org/pubs/abstract/pub106abst.html
Also available in PDF format at http://www.clir.org/pubs/reports/pub106/pub106.pdf
Building a Repository Infrastructure for Finland
Ilva, Jyrki (Date Created: Oct 2009) (Finland)
This article discusses the background and developments related to building a repository infrastructure in Finland. It describes the involvement of the National Library, University of Helsinki University and Oulu University libraries in a two year project funded by the Finnish Ministry of Education (2009-2010). Aspects considered in the article include the technological infrastructure, and copyright issues related to self-archiving of research articles in Finnish universities.
http://nile.lub.lu.se/ojs/index.php/sciecominfo/article/viewFile/1763/
1392
ScieCom Info - Nordic Baltic Forum for Scientific Communication vol. 5 no. 3, October 2009
Historical Building Digital Archives for Scientific Information
Solla, Leah In: Issues in Science and Technology Librarianship (Date Created: Nov 2002) (United States of America)
A brief article describing projects at Cornell University Library investigating digital archiving and preservation issues and the role for libraries. Projects covered include those investigating web resources (PRISM), electronic journals (Project Harvest) and similar projects in subject areas such as mathematics and physics. The aim for a common deposit system is noted.
http://www.istl.org/02-fall/article2.html
Building on Our Strengths : Digital Archiving, Preservation and Access : Report of the Digital Archiving, Preservation and Access Task Force
DAPA Task Force (Date Created: 25 Mar 2005) (United States of America)
This report surveys digital preservation needs and proposes to use the technical architecture of an 'institutional repository' to meet digital archiving needs and to offer repository services to members of the George Mason University community
http://u2.gmu.edu:8080/dspace/bitstream/1920/16/1/dapa_final_report.pd
f
Historical Building Preservation Functionality in a Digital Archive : the National Library of the Netherlands
Bellekom, Chris (Date Created: Oct 2004) (Netherlands)
This article describes the activities of the National Library of the Netherlands (Koninklijke Bibliotheek - KB) to ensure the long term preservation of digital materials. It includes the e-Depot, the development of a preservation manager to store and use the technical metadata in the e-depot and the UVC for images.
http://www.ingentaselect.com/rpsv/cw/alpsp/09531513/v17n4/s3/p275
in Learned Publishing, Vol. 17, no. 4 (October 2004), ISSN 0953-1513. pp. 275-280.
Historical Can We Save Our Audio-visual Heritage?
Teruggi, Daniel In: Ariadne (Date Created: 30 Apr 2004)
PrestoSpace is the new FP6 integrated project, a major international initiative seeking to find preservation solutions for analogue media. The Programme deals with different components essential for preservation including restoration, storage, archive management and description (metadata). PestoSpace covers digital preservation of all types of audio-visual collections.
http://www.ariadne.ac.uk/issue39/teruggi/
The Canadian Digital Information Strategy
Library and Archives Canada (Date Created: Oct 2007) (Canada)
Draft consultation version October 2007 of the Canadian Digital Information Strategy. The Strategy puts forward three broad opportunities: strengthening digital content; ensuring preservation for ongoing access; and maximising access and use. Specific objectives and proposed actions are outlined. Collaboration within a common framework is recommended. Responses which were due by 23 November 2007are available online.
http://www.collectionscanada.ca/cdis/012033-1000.01-e.html
Available online as full text and PDF. comments due by 23 Nov 2007
Capturing the Basque Web
Marcos Maciá, Sonia; Pulgar Vernalte, Francisca (Date Created: 25 May 2009) (Spain)
This paper given at LIDA 2009 (May 25-30 2009, Dubrovnik and Zadar, Croatia) describes the Basque Web capture project launched in 2007 by the Basque Government Department of Culture and the Basque Government IT services company. After describing the international context the authors go on to discuss the context, tools and selection policies of ONDARENET: the Basque web archive.
http://eprints.rclis.org/16256/
Available as PDF from E-Lis: eprints in Library and Information Science
From Casual History to Digital Preservation
Davidow, Ari (Date Created: 31 Mar 2007) (United States of America)
This paper given at Museums and the Web 2007 (April 11-14, 2007, San Francisco, California) considers the digital preservation issues surrounding the .Jewish Women's Archive (JWA) "Katrina's Jewish Voices" Project and the lessons learned.
http://www.archimuse.com/mw2007/papers/davidow/davidow.html
Available in J. Trant & D. Bearman (eds.) Museums and the Web 2007. Proceedings.
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Historical CEDARS Project Report: April 1998 - March 2001
CEDARS Project Team (Date Created: Jun 2001) (United Kingdom)
The report of the first three years of the CEDARS project, a focussed investigation into digital preservation issues. The report comprises an overview of the CEDARS demonstrator archive established across the CEDARS partners, the universities of Oxford, Cambridge and Leeds, and contains case studies for a variety of deposited digital materials and basic recommendations for use of migration and emulation as preservation strategies. The report also provides guidance and recommendations on organisational and management issues. The full report is available for download as PostScript or PDF.
http://www.webarchive.org.uk/wayback/archive/20050410120000/http://www
.leeds.ac.uk/cedars/pubconf/papers/projectReports/cedarsrepmar01exec.h
tml
Archived by the UK Web Archive
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Historical CEDARS Summative Evaluation: Final Report, April 2001
Coutts, Margaret; Owen, John Mackenzie; Veling, Solke (Date Created: Apr 2001) (United Kingdom)
A summative evaluation of the first three years of the CEDARS project, examining objectives and outcomes and aiming to provide guidance for the final extension year of the project. The report is provided as a Microsoft Word document.
http://www.worldcat.org/arcviewer/1/OCC/2007/08/08/0000070519/viewer/f
ile1450.doc
Historical CFP : Call For Preservation! : Results and discussion of a survey on the preservation of Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Libner, Kelsey (Date Created: 2003) (United States of America)
The first part of this paper discusses the results of a survey of 16 institutions regarding practices for the long term preservation of ETDs (electronic theses and dissertations). Data migration, preservation policies, electronic file backup and workflows are some of the areas surveyed. The second part of the paper discusses the file formats, particularly PDF and PDF/A. Areas requiring further investigation are also discussed.
http://edoc.hu-berlin.de/etd2003/libner-kelsey/HTML/index.html
Historical Challenge of Web Site Records Preservation
Phillips, John T. (Date Created: Jan 2003)
This article explains the need for web site records management and retention, examines the challenges of web site records preservation management and discusses solutions to these problems. The article also describes studies and documents that attempt to quantify and describe the problems of web site preservation.
http://www.arma.org/bookstore/productdetail.cfm?ProductID=1222
Information Management Journal, (ISSN 1535-2897), Vol. 37, no. 1, January/February 2003 and by subscription online at www.ebscohost.com
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Some Challenges and Issues in Managing and Preserving Access to Long-Lived Collections of Scientific and Technical Data
Anderson, W. L. (Date Created: Dec 2004)
This report summarises the major archiving, preservation and access issues for scientific and technical data as identified by an ad hoc working group of the U.S. National Committee for CODATA. The author divides these issues into four categories: science-based issues, including interoperability and compatiblity of the various types of science data (e.g. observational, experimental and computer generated data); data management issues, including selection and appraisal; policy issues, such as access and copyright; and technical issues including the volume of data and the diversity of formats.
http://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/dsj/3/0/191/_pdf
Data Science Journal, ISSN 1683-1470, Vol. 3, December 2004, pp. 191-202.
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Historical Change the Metaphor : The Archive as an Ecosystem
Coleman, David; Martin, Julia In: JEP - The Journal of Electronic Publishing (Date Created: Apr 2002)
This article introduces a new metaphor for the processes in managing the preservation of digital archives, that of the ecosystem, and likens the survival of data against technological change to the processes of evolutionary adaptation - "an ongoing process of selection -- of media platforms, of preservation structures, of migratory patterns " to avoid "data extinction".
http://hdl.handle.net/2027/spo.3336451.0007.301
Characteristics of .au Websites: An Analysis of Large-Scale Web Crawl Data from 2005
Ackland, Robert; Bailey, Peter; Spink, Amanda (Date Created: 02 Jul 2007) (Australia)
This paper provides a preliminary analysis of .au domain websites collected by the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) in 2005. It is a first step in the planned ".au Census" project.
http://ausweb.scu.edu.au/aw07/papers/refereed/spink/paper.html
Paper presented at AusWeb07, the thirteenth Australasian World Wide Web Conference, Coffs Harbour NSW 30 June - 4 July 2007
Citizen-created Content, Digital Equity and the Preservation of Community Memory
Carnaby, Penny (Date Created: 25 Aug 2009) (New Zealand)
This paper presented at the World Library and Information Congress: 75th IFLA General Congress (23-27 August 2009, Milan, Italy) oulines some of the issues surrounding the preservation of citizen created digital content such as social networking sites, blogs, wikis, etc. It explores how libraries, archives and museums can value and protect both formal and informal digital assets and the approaches and efforts being made in New Zealand.
http://www.ifla.org/files/hq/papers/ifla75/146-carnaby-en.pdf
Historical Climbing the scholarly publishing mountain with SHERPA
MacColl, John; Pinfield, Stephen In: Ariadne (Last Updated: 11 Oct 2002) (United Kingdom)
A paper discussing the UK-based SHERPA project funded to create OAI –compliant ”e-print” repositories through self-archiving in the Higher education sector and acknowledging and addressing the associated management, intellectual property rights, digital preservation and technical issues.
http://www.ariadne.ac.uk/issue33/sherpa/
Historical CODATA Work on Archiving Scientific Data
Anderson, William L. (Date Created: 2002)
This article describes the objectives and activities of CODATA (Committee on Data for Science and Technology), which is part of the International Council of Science (ICSU). CODATA focusses on data management challenges of preserving primary data, of which much more is generated than is published. Various activities such as the International CODATA conferences, the development of a web portal focussing on archiving science and technology data, and the data archiving task group objectives are discussed.
http://portal.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=639445.639449
Available in Information Services and Use, vol. 22, issue 2/3 (2002), ISSN 0167-5265 and by subscription online at www.ebscohost.com
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Historical Code of Practice for the Voluntary Deposit of Non-Print Publications
The British Library (Last Updated: 04 May 2001) (United Kingdom)
This code sets out the agreed practice for the voluntary deposit of non-print physical format publications in the United Kingdom. The arrangement, which came into effect in January 2000, received the endorsement of the various UK publisher trade bodies and legal deposit libraries, and is intended to guide interim practice before new legislation is drafted. The code also recognises the challenges for the deposit of static and dynamic online publications, and examines some of the issues associated with long term access and preservation.
http://www.bl.uk/aboutus/stratpolprog/legaldep/voluntarydeposit/
1999 Revised Version available at National Library of Scotland website http:///www.nls.uk/professional/legaldeposit/nonprint/code.html
Historical Collaboration between RLG and OCLC With Digital Archiving Initiatives
Bellinger, Meg; Dale, Robin In: RLG DigiNews (Date Created: Dec 2001) (United States of America)
An interview with Robin Dale of the Research Libraries Group and Meg Bellinger of OCLC Digital & Preservation Resources, in which they discuss the collaboration of RLG and OCLC in digital archiving initiatives, including the joint preservation metadata intiative, characterisation of reliable digital archives and long-term digital archiving programs. Anticipated future collaborations and perceived obstacles to digital preservation are also noted.
http://worldcat.org/arcviewer/1/OCC/2007/08/08/0000070513/viewer/file1
628.html#interview
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Historical Collecting and Managing Web Resources for Long-Term Access : Web Harvesting and Guidelines to Support Preservation (ICABS Actions 3.3 and 3.4)
Gatenby, Pam (Date Created: Aug 2004) (Australia)
This paper outlining the National Library of Australia’s recent contributions to the advancement of understanding of international Web archiving issues, was presented at the 70th IFLA Conference in August 2004. The NLA’s work on web harvesting and the preservation of digital materials as part of its ICABS responsibilities are detailed, together with its involvement in the International Internet Preservation Consortium’s (IIPC) Deep Web Working Group.
http://archive.ifla.org/IV/ifla70/papers/026e-Gatenby.pdf
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Historical Collecting and Preserving the Web : Developing and Testing the NEDLIB Harvester
Hakala, Juha In: RLG DigiNews (Date Created: Apr 2001)
This article by Juha Hakala outlines the outcomes of the NEDLIB Harvester Project for the archiving of Web resources. Some of the key issues in using this form of technology for preserving materials on the Web are reviewed.
http://worldcat.org/arcviewer/1/OCC/2007/08/08/0000070511/viewer/file1
424.html#feature2
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Historical Collecting and Preserving the Web : The Minerva Prototype
Arms, William Y. In: RLG DigiNews (Date Created: Apr 2001) (United States of America)
This article, by William Arms (Cornell University), Roger Adkins, Cassy Ammen and Allene Hayes (Library of Congress), describes the Library of Congress' Minerva Project (Mapping the INternet the Electronic Resources Virtual Archive). The main features of Minerva are described, and suggestions for a full-scale preservation system explored.
http://worldcat.org/arcviewer/1/OCC/2007/08/08/0000070511/viewer/file1
424.html#feature1
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Historical Collecting and Preserving the World Wide Web : a Feasibility Study Undertaken for the JISC and Wellcome Trust
Day, Michael (Date Created: 25 Feb 2003) (United Kingdom)
The study (91 p.) is an analysis of the task of archiving the web, and includes a review of current web archiving activities and approaches. One of the major recommendations of this study is to establish a pilot medical web archiving project using the National Library of Australia's PANDAS software.
http://www.jisc.ac.uk/uploaded_documents/archiving_feasibility.pdf
Historical Collecting, Indexing and Archiving Net Publications
Schwens, Ute (Last Updated: 12 Jun 2006) (Germany)
These pages outlined the legal mandate and deposit arrangements of the Die Deutsche Bibliothek (DDB) for acquiring digital publications, both for physical formats such as DVDs and for online publications such as websites and electronic periodicals prior to the introduction of the new law which came into effect on 22 June 2006. The current situation is explained on the later web pages about online publications.
http://web.archive.org/web/20070128202450/http://www.d-nb.de/eng/wir/u
eber_dnb/netzpubl.htm
Historical Collection of Swedish web pages at the Royal Library - The Web Heritage of Sweden
Arvidson, Allan (Date Created: 22 Aug 2002) (Sweden)
A paper presented by Allan Arvidson of the Royal Library of Sweden at the 68th IFLA Council and General Conference, Glasgow, 18-24th August, 2002, discussing the evolution of the Swedish web since the Royal Library began harvesting "snapshots" in 1997. The paper questions whether a true picture of Sweden is achieved, from both geographical and technical viewpoints, and comments on the possible influences of future web technologies.
http://archive.ifla.org/IV/ifla68/papers/111-163e.pdf
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Historical Collection-Based Persistent Digital Archives - Part 1
Baru, Chaitan; Gupta, Amarnath; Ludaescher, Bertram; Marciano, Richard; Moore, Reagan; Rajasekar, Arcot; San Diego Supercomputer Center; Schroeder, Wayne; Wan, Michael In: D-Lib magazine (Date Created: Mar 2000)
This article, from the San Diego Supercomputer Center, "defines an approach for maintaining digital data for hundreds of years through development of an environment that supports migration of collections onto new software systems." "The ultimate goal is to preserve not only the bits associated with the original data, but also the context that permits the data to be interpreted." See also Part 2 of this article which describes the creation of a one million message persistent email collection.
http://www.dlib.org/dlib/march00/moore/03moore-pt1.html
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Historical Collection-Based Persistent Digital Archives - Part 2
Baru, Chaitan; Gupta, Amarnath; Ludaescher, Bertram; Marciano, Richard; Moore, Reagan; Rajasekar, Arcot; San Diego Supercomputer Center; Schroeder, Wayne; Wan, Michael In: D-Lib magazine (Date Created: Apr 2000)
This article, from the San Diego Supercomputer Center, describes a project to create a one million message persistent email collection. Following on from Part 1 , which describes the development of an environment that supports migration of collections onto new software systems, this article discusses the four parts of a persistent archive system: "support for ingestion, archival storage, information discovery, and presentation of the collection."
http://www.dlib.org/dlib/april00/moore/04moore-pt2.html
In D-Lib Magazine, Vol 6, No. 4
Historical Coming Crisis in Preserving Our Digital Cultural Heritage
Lynch, Clifford A (Date Created: 06 Jan 2003) (United States of America)
In this article the author explores the challenges that are facing cultural heritage institutions in relation to digital preservation. The author states that it is difficult for libraries to maintain their role of preserving society’s cultural and intellectual heritage due to the fact that an increasing amount of heritage is being produced in digital form. Constraints for librarians have arisen from digitisation and include areas such as legal rights and protections, both of which have made it difficult for copying and reformatting material. The article offers suggestions on how to address these problems, including making the preservation of intellectual and cultural record in digital form a public policy as well as a legal issue.
http://www.informaworld.com/smpp/content~content=a903396299~db=all~ord
er=page
Co-published in the Journal of Library Administration, (ISSN0193-0826) 38, 3/4, 2003 pp. 149-161 and : The Strategic Stewardship of Cultural Resources : To Preserve and Protect (ed: Andrea T. Merrill)
Comparison of Existing Archival Systems
Borghoff, Uwe M. (Date Created: Apr 2006) (Germany)
This is a 7 page summary in English of a document originally published in German "Vergleich bestehender Archivierungssysteme". It is part of a series of 7 digital preservation papers commissioned by nestor. This article describes the approach to the evaluation and selection of digital preservation systems. It outlines the evaluation schema, procedures and criteria. There is also a summary of the conceptional and technical orientation of the systems, their planning and development tendencies.
http://www.langzeitarchivierung.de/downloads/mat/03_summary.pdf
nestor studies; 3
Conceptual Framework for the Use of the Service-Oriented Architecture-Approach in the Digital Preservation
Klett, Fanny; Saul, Christian (Date Created: 30 Sep 2008)
This paper given at iPRES 2008 (British Library Conference Centre, 29-30 September 2008) presents a conceptual framework for the use of the SOA-approach for digital preservation, by combining SCA (Service Component Architecture) and BPEL (Business Process Execution Language) models to the future development of a scalable, adaptable and service oriented software system.
http://www.bl.uk/ipres2008/presentations_day2/36_Saul.pdf
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Historical Concerning Etags and Datestamps
Clausen, Lars R. (Date Created: Jul 2004) (Denmark)
In order to avoid archiving of many copies of the same content, this paper reports on an investigation of a scheme for reliably predicting whether the content has changed, without having to download it. This involved an investigation of the reliability of the Etag and Last-Modified-Date fields of HTTP-headers as indicators of changed content. The investigation examined the front pages of 361,408 websites on the .dk-domain, which were harvested every other night over a period of one month. A checksum of the content was then compared to the Etag and Last-Modified Date fields. This comparison was used for calculating the reliability and usefulness of these fields in determining content changes.
http://netarkivet.dk/publikationer/Etags-2004.pdf
Conference report : Archiving Web Resources International Conference: Issues for Cultural Heritage Organisations
Phillips, Margaret E. In: RLG DigiNews (Date Created: 15 Feb 2005)
This article reports on the Archiving Web Resources International conference which was held on 9-11 November 2004 at the National Library of Australia in Canberra. The main themes and papers of the conference are summarised.
http://worldcat.org/arcviewer/1/OCC/2007/08/08/0000070511/viewer/file1
298.html#article2
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Historical Contract, Copyright and the Future of Digital Preservation
Ryan, Alicia (Date Created: Jan 2004) (United States of America)
Set within the context of the United States, the author of this article discusses copyright issues for digital material and its implications to libraries and other depositories. She argues that libraries and archives should be granted legal rights to handle digital material, including copying, preserving and providing access to the stored material, especially in cases when the works are at risk or no longer commercially available.
http://www.bu.edu/law/central/jd/organizations/journals/scitech/volume
101/ryan.pdf
In Journal of Science and Technology Law, Vol. 10, no. 1, (Winter 2004)
Historical Copyright Issues Relevant to the Creation of a Digital Archive: A Preliminary Assessment
Besek, June M. (Date Created: Jan 2003)
This CLIR report discusses the copyright issues involved in the creation of a nonprofit digital archive. Current US copyright law is covered. The report discusses how the processes of data collection and access conditions effect the both the end users and copyright holders.
ISBN: 1887334971
http://www.clir.org/pubs/abstract/pub112abst.html
Available online as full text or PDF, or for purchase in print
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Cornell University Library Digital Preservation Policy Framework
Cornell University Library (Date Created: Dec 2004) (United States of America)
This policy document covers the mandate, objectives, roles and responsibilities, activities and priorities of the Cornell University Library's preservation program.
http://commondepository.library.cornell.edu/cul-dp-framework.pdf
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Historical Cost to Preserve Authentic Electronic Records in Perpetuity : Comparing Costs Across Cost Models and Cost Frameworks
Sanett, Shelby In: RLG DigiNews (Date Created: 15 Aug 2003)
This article outlines a methodology to evaluate various cost models and frameworks so that the most appropriate preservation strategy can be selected and implemented. The various cost categories are distilled into 5 tables and are evaluated in terms of acquisition and preservation related activities and access related activities.
http://worldcat.org/arcviewer/1/OCC/2007/08/08/0000070511/viewer/file3
379.html#feature2
Costs of Digital Preservation
Testbed Digitale Bewaring (Date Created: May 2005) (Netherlands)
This article discusses in detail the cost model developed at the Testbed Digitale Bewaring (Digital Preservation Testbed). Cost indicators, which influence the total cost of preservation, are canvassed. The cost model calculates and compares the costs of the various preservation strategies and several document types, such as email, text, spreadsheets and databases.
http://www.digitaleduurzaamheid.nl/bibliotheek/docs/CoDPv1.pdf
Creating an Institutional Repository : LEADIRS Workbook
Barton, Mary R. ; Waters, Margaret M. (Date Created: 2005)
This extensive document (134 p.) from the LEarning About Digital Institutional Repositories Seminar program (LEADIRS) and available from DSpace covers all aspects of building institutional repositories such as planning, choosing repository software platforms, including digital preservation considerations, legal and regulatory environmental and policy development and cost modeling. Each section has associated worksheets and key questions. There are many references to case studies which are used to highlight approaches to the various issues in developing an institutional repository.
http://www.dspace.org/images/stories/leadirs.pdf
Creating Preservation-Ready Web Resources
Smith, Joan A.; Nelson, Michael In: D-Lib magazine (Date Created: Jan 2008) (United States of America)
This article describes a simple model for archiving "everyday websites" at the time of dissemination using the web server to prepare the site's resources for preservation.
http://www.dlib.org/dlib/january08/smith/01smith.html
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Historical Creating Trading Networks of Digital Archives
Cooper, Brian; Garcia-Molina, Hector (Date Created: 2001)
This paper examines how agencies might preserve digital collections by forming and participating in peer-to-peer (P2P) trading networks. Peer-to-peer trading algorithms and a simulator, to conduct and report on trading sessions, were used to examine issues of storage and replication allowances, trading network size, and choice and reliability of trading partners.
http://ilpubs.stanford.edu:8090/726/
Historical CRL Political Communications Archiving Investigation
D-Lib Magazine In: D-Lib magazine (Date Created: Jan 2003)
A brief overview of a Center for Research Libraries (CRL) project on developing methodological, conceptual and organisational frameworks for the systematic, sustainable preservation of political Web materials.
http://www.dlib.org/dlib/january03/01inbrief.html#REILLY
Curating Digital Records of Performance
Abbott, Daisy; Jones, Sarah; Ross, Seamus (Date Created: Sep 2008) (United Kingdom)
This paper delivered at the 2008 Annual Conference of CIDOC (Athens, September 15 – 18, 2008) presents an overview of the work of AHDS Performing Arts in the UK, and introduces the issues relevant to research and practice of digital curation of performance materials.
http://www.cidoc2008.gr/cidoc/Documents/papers/drfile.2008-06-18.22185
02279
Curating E-mails : a Life-cycle Approach to the Management and Preservation of E-mail Messages
Pennock, Maureen In: DCC Digital Curation Manual (Date Created: 24 Jul 2006) (United Kingdom)
This installment of the Digital Curation Manual discusses the issues in the management and curation of emails. Issues covered include roles and responsibilites, legal issues, preservation strategies and curation approaches.
http://www.dcc.ac.uk/resource/curation-manual/chapters/curating-e-mail
s/
Available in html or pdf
Current Issues in Web Archiving in Australia
Koerbin, Paul (Date Created: Jul 2005) (Australia)
This paper discusses the curatorial, technical and legal issues currently problematic for web archiving activities by PANDORA at the National Library of Australia.
http://www.nla.gov.au/nla/staffpaper/2005/koerbin1.html
Paper given at the Open Publish Conference, Sydney, Australia, 27-29 July 2005.
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Historical Cyberculture, Cultural Asset Management, and Ethnohistory : Preserving the Process and Understanding the Past
Ross, Seamus (Date Created: Jun 2001)
In this keynote address from the Preserving the Present for the Future : Strategies for the Internet conference, Seamus Ross emphasises the importance of preserving the cultural context in which the internet operates. The author highlights eight challenges for ensuring long-term access to materials in cyberspace, and compares the advantages of centralised, decentralised and distributed archiving models.
http://www.deflink.dk/upload/doc_filer/doc_alle/740_sross_cyberculture
_rev2.doc
Czech Web Archive Analysis
čabiška, P.; Matĕjka, L (Date Created: 2007) (Czech Republic)
This paper reviews the current activities of WevArchiv, a project of the National Library in Prague. It also considers strategies that could help to reduce costs.
http://www.informaworld.com/smpp/content~content=a780451540~db=all~ord
er=page
Available in New Review of Hypermedia & Multimedia 2007, v. 13 no 1 pp27-37
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From Data Deluge to Data Curation
Giaretta, David; Lord, Philip; Lyon, Liz; Macdonald, Alison (Date Created: Sep 2004)
This article discusses the findings and strategic and policy level recommendations of the e-Science data curation report commissioned by JISC (Joint Information Systems Committee). The article also discusses the role and activities of the Digital Curation Centre in meeting some of these recommendations.
http://www.ukoln.ac.uk/ukoln/staff/e.j.lyon/150.pdf
Paper presented at the UK e-Science All Hands Meeting, 31 August - 3 September, 2004
Data for the future: The German Project "Co-operative Development of a Long-Term Digital Information Archive" (kopal)
Altenhöner, Reinhard (Date Created: Feb 2006) (Germany)
This paper delivered at the 8th Bielefield Conference (7-9 Feb 2006) provides an overview of the German kopal project.
http://conference.ub.uni-bielefeld.de/2006/proceedings/altenhoener_fin
al_web.pdf
Also available in Library Hi-Tech, Vol 24, No. 4, 2006 pp. 574-582.
Data Model and Architecture for Long-term Preservation
Frew, James; Janee, Greg; Mathena, Justin (Date Created: Apr 2008) (United States of America)
This paper describes a data model and architecture for the U.S. National Geospatial Data Archive based on co-archiving of object semantics, explicit storage of objects and semantics ans files and abstraction of the underlying storage system. Also described is an implementation of the architecture in a prototype archive running at UCSB.
http://www.ngda.org/research/Tech%20Arch/jcdl-paper.pdf
Paper to be delivered at JCDL 2008.
Historical Data Preservation : Great Data But Will It Last?
Spedding, Vanessa (Date Created: 2003) (United Kingdom)
This article is an overview of the major digital preservation initiatives in both Europe and the United States. The article contains a brief description of the problems facing governments, libraries and business in long term preservation. Costs, commercial potential, and investment in archiving products are also discussed.
http://www.researchinformation.info/rispring03data.html
in Resource Information, Issue 5, Spring 2003.
Data Quality in Web Archiving
Spaniol, Marc; Senellart, Pierre; Denev, Dimitar; Mazeika, Aturas; Weikum, Gerhard (Date Created: 20 Apr 2009)
This paper given at WICOW'09 (3rd Workshop on Information Credibility on the Web, April 20 2009, Madrid Spain) provides an overview of strategies that help to overcome, or at least identify the temporal diffusion of Web crawls that last from a few hours to several days.The paper introduces a model for identifying coherent sections of a website and thus measuring data quality and a crawling strategy for minimizing Web site captures.
http://www.dl.kuis.kyoto-u.ac.jp/wicow3/papers/p19-spaniolA.pdf
Historical Data Storage Technology Assessment 2002 : Projections Through 2010
Sadashige, Koichi (Date Created: Mar 2003)
This report is a follow-up to the “Data Storage Technology Assessment” published in August 2000 and is divided into two main parts. The first part of the report explores the impact the market has on the progress of technology, and lists most important technological events between 2000-2002, such as development of the DVD, optical disc, magnetic tape, hard disc drive and Flash memory. The second part of the report provides an overview of data storage equipment, with emphasis on storage equipment in network environment. Magnetic tape and optical disc technologies are discussed in detail, including various available products. Future trends in the area are outlined for this decade.
http://www.imation.com/Global/Support/government/AP_NMLdoc_DSTAssessme
nt.pdf
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Historical Database of Virtual Art for an Expanded Concept of Documentation
Grau, Oliver (Date Created: 2003)
This article, written by the developer of the Database of Virtual Art, discusses the database's development as well as the detailed documentation stored on the works in the database. Because of the unique nature of virtual art, extensive documentation is vital if the art is to remain accessible in the future.
http://web.archive.org/web/20070429172110/http://www2.hu-berlin.de/gra
u/database.htm
Historical Dawning of the Dutch Network of Digital Academic REpositories (DARE) : a Shared Experience
Feijen, Martin; van der Kuil, Annemiek In: Ariadne (Date Created: Oct 2004) (Netherlands)
This article describes the first year of the DARE project. The Project was initiated to preserve and provide access to the results of Dutch academic research from a range of institutions. This article covers the infrastructure, implementation, the data and service models, lessons learned and future plans of the project.
http://www.ariadne.ac.uk/issue41/vanderkuil/
DCC Digital Curation Manual : Instalment on "Archiving Web Resources"
Thompson, Dave (Date Created: Dec 2008) (United Kingdom)
This instalment of the DCC Digital Curation Manual prepared by Dave Thompson of the Wellcome Trust provides an introduction to web archiving and digital curation. Points covered include Automation of harvesting, Deposit approaches, Selection, negotiation and capture, Issues associated with the "deep" web, Existing initiatives (e.g. Internet Archive, NWA, PANDAS), Legal implications, Collaboration and responsibility and Non standard media types.
http://www.dcc.ac.uk/resource/curation-manual/chapters/archiving-web-r
esources/
Historical DEJA: A Year in Review
Baudoin, Patsy; Smith, MacKenzie (Date Created: 30 May 2002) (United States of America)
This article, presented as part of the Andrew W Mellon Foundation Electronic Journal Archiving Program, provides an overview of the work undertaken by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in relation to the design of a Dynamic E-journal Archive (DEJA). Areas addressed in the article include a definition of dynamic electronic journals, the types of content that should be considered for preservation purposes and a description of preservation strategies.
http://www.diglib.org/preserve/mitfinal.pdf
Also available in Archiving Electronic Journals: Research Funded by the Andrew W Mellon Foundation, edited and introduced by Linda Cantara, Indiana University.
Historical Deposit for Digital Collections
Borbhina, Jose; Campos, Joao P.; Gomes, Daniel; Noronha, Norman; Silva, Mario J (Date Created: Sep 2001) (Portugal)
This paper given at ECDL 2001 (Research and Advanced Technology for Digital Libraries , 5th European Conference, Darmstadt, Germany, September 4-9, 2001) describes an architecture for a system which manages the workflow for deposit of digital publications from the Web, developed by Faculty of Science, University of Lisbon in collaboration with the National library of Portugal as part of the NEDLIB project. Two subsystems Digital Deposit and PURL.PT are described and an evaluation after a trial harvest is presented.
http://xldb.fc.ul.pt/xldb/publications/paper_ecdl01.pdf
Also available Springer-Verlag, Lecture Notes in Computer Science Vol. 2163/2001, pp 200-212.
Design and Selection Criteria for a National Web Archive
Freitas, Sergio; Gomes, Daniel; Silva, Mario J. (Date Created: Sep 2006) (Portugal)
This paper presented at ECDL 2006 conference in September, describes the architecture of the Tomba prototype. The paper also discusses strategies to populate a web archive, selection, and access. Tomba : Portuguese Web Archive was developed by the Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa and has been crawling the Portuguese web since 2002.
http://xldb.fc.ul.pt/daniel/docs/papers/gomes06tomba.pdf
Available in Research and Advanced Technology for Digital Libraries, pp 196-207 http://www.springerlink.com/content/e313463036m04246/
Historical Developing a Digital Preservation Strategy at Edinburgh University Library
Semple, Najla (Date Created: Jan 2004) (United Kingdom)
This article concentrates on a digital preservation pilot project developed at the Edinburgh University Library. It not only provides the background to the project, but includes descriptions of preservation metadata schema, the main features of the Library’s OAIS -based pilot archive, its integration of the METS standard, as well as plans for merging both METS and OAIS into the Library’s new digital object management system.
http://www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/03055720410530979
Also available in PDF version and in VINE, Vol 34, No 1, 2004, pp. 33-37, ISSN 0305-5278 (Special Issue: Digital Preservation and Libraries. Part One).
Developing a Trusted Digital Repository: the OCLC Experience
Lawson, Dawn; Spies, Phyllis B (Date Created: Jan 2004) (United States of America)
This article focuses on the OCLC’s (Online Computer Library Centre) experience in developing a digital archive. The development of standards for digital archiving and preservation metadata with RLG (Research Libraries Group) in defining the main attributes of a trust digital repository is described, as are the main tools and functions of the archive including the harvest, ingest and dissemination of archived objects. The Connecticut State Library’s use of OCLC’s Web archiving tools is also discussed.
http://ninetta.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/03055720410530960
Also available in PDF version and in VINE, Vol 34, No 1, 2004, pp. 27-32, ISSN 0305-5278 (Special Issue: Digital Preservation and Libraries. Part One).
Developing National Taiwan University Web Archiving System
Chen, Kuang-hua ; Chen, Yen-liang ; Ting, Peng-fung (Date Created: Sep 2008) (Taiwan)
This paper given at IWAW 2008 (International Workshop on Web Archiving, Aarhus Denmark 18-19 Sept, 2008) discusses the development and implementation of the National Taiwan University Web Archiving System (NTUWAS), which was developed by the National Taiwan University Library and also gives a brief survey of international web archiving activities.
http://iwaw.net/08/IWAW2008-Chen.pdf
Developing Practical Approaches to Active Preservation
Brown, Adrian (Date Created: Jun 2007) (United Kingdom)
This paper describes the methods used by the UK National Archives for preservation planning, and action, the technologies used for implementation, and the role of PRONOM in supporting these services.
http://www.ijdc.net/ijdc/article/view/37/42
International Journal of Digital Curation Vol 2, no 1, 2007
Historical Digital Archive Developments
Falk, Howard (Date Created: 2003)
This article provides a guide to the development of digital archives in universities, colleges, as well as national and international governmental institutions worldwide. The author provides an overview of academic digital archives in the USA and Europe; the concerns of journal publishing such as the costs of digital repositories and copyright; worldwide national initiatives and projects to preserve digital materials including activities of the British Library, Library of Congress, and the National Archives of Australia; as well as information relating to archiving software.
http://www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/02640470310491603
Available in The Electronic Library, Vol 21, Number 4, pp. 375-379 (ISSN 02640473). Subscription is also available online at http://konstanza.emeraldinsight.com/. Available in HTML or pdf formats.
Digital Archive policies and Trusted Digital Repositories
Moore, Reagan W.; Smith, MacKenzie (Date Created: Jun 2007) (United States of America)
This paper describes the PLEDGE project being conducted by the MIT Libraries, the San Diego Supercomputer Center, and the University of California San Diego Libraries. This project aims to determine the set of policies that affect operational digital preservation archives and to develop standardised rules which would potentially allow for automated “trustworthiness” assessment.
http://www.ijdc.net/ijdc/article/view/27/30
International Journal of Digital Curation Vol 2, no 1, 2007
Digital Archives that Disappear
(Date Created: 22 Apr 2009)
This article and comments in Inside Higher Ed discusses the (temporary?) disappearance of a commercial digitised newspaper archive (Paper of Record) and touches on who has responsibility for long term preservation and provision of access.
http://www.insidehighered.com/news/2009/04/22/record#Comments
Inside Higher Ed, 22 April 2009
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Digital Archiving
National Library of Australia (Regularly Updated) (Australia)
A Web page summarising the National Library of Australia's digital archiving initiatives. Links are provided to key documents which describe the various components of the program.
http://www.nla.gov.au/initiatives/digarch.html
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Historical Digital Archiving : Bringing Issues and Stakeholders Together : Proceedings
(Date Created: Jan 2000)
Proceedings with links to individual papers for workshop held at UNESCO House, Paris 30-31 Jan. 2000.
http://web.archive.org/web/20021105190156/www.icsti.org/2000workshop/
Archived by the Internet Archive.
Digital Archiving : the New Challenge? : Legal and Archival Issues
Boudrez, Filip; Dekeyser, Hannelore; Dumortier, Jos (Date Created: Feb 2005) (Belgium)
The first part of this extensive document discusses electronic archiving within the legal context, particularly from a European perspective. The second part of the document deals with electronic record keeping, including preservation strategies, archiving standards and procedures.
http://www.expertisecentrumdavid.be/docs/digitalarchiving_manual.pdf
Historical Digital Archiving : What is Involved?
Flecker, Dale (Date Created: Jan 2003) (United States of America)
This article discusses the issues in archiving and preserving electronic journals, especially within a higher education context. The article is based on the results of Harvard University's study in the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation grant on electronic journal archiving.
http://www.educause.edu/ir/library/pdf/erm0316.pdf
in, Educause Review, January/February 2003
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Historical Digital Archiving and Long Term Preservation: An Early Experience with Grid and Digital Library Technologies
Chadduck, Robert; JaJa, Joseph; McCall, Fritz; Moore, Reagan; Smorul, Mike (Date Created: 2004)
This article describes two large scale data archiving projects which have a common infrastructure based on storage hierarchies. The projects are the Persistent Digital Archives project, which is a joint effort between the San Diego Supercomputer Center (SDSC), the University of Maryland (UMD), and the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA); and the second is the Global Land Cover Facility (GLCF) that currently offers over 13TB of earth science data to a very broad international user community, including researchers and government agencies interested in environmental and ecological studies.
http://www.archives.gov/era/papers/thic-04.html
Digital Archiving in the Twenty-First Century:Practice at the National Library of the Netherlands
Steenbakkers, Johan F. In: Digital Preservation : Finding Balance (Date Created: 2005) (Netherlands)
This article discusses the development of electronic journals and the changing responsibilities of publishers and national libraries in providing ongoing access. It focuses on the work of the Koninklijke Bibliotheek (KB) to secure the permanent archiving of electronic publications through cooperation with publishers. It provides a brief overview of e-depot which is the KB’s deposit system.
http://muse.jhu.edu/demo/library_trends/v054/54.1steenbakkers.pdf
Historical Digital Archiving without Preservation is Just Storage: Education is the First Step to Achieving Preservation Goals
Kriegsman, Sue; Mandell, Lee (Date Created: Apr 2004)
This paper was presented at the IS&T 2004 archiving conference (San Antonio, Texas;April 20, 2004). The paper looks at digital preservation from the perspective of four sectors - industry, digital laboratories, home consumers and collection managers - and emphasises the important role of education as a step in achieving an understanding and knowledge of digital preservation.
http://www.imaging.org/ist/store/epub.cfm?abstrid=30283
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Historical Digital Archiving- Developing Policy and Best Practice Guidelines at The National Library of Australia
Gatenby, P. (Date Created: 30 Jan 2000) (Australia)
This paper looks at the National Library of Australia's business model for online publications. There is a focus on PANDORA including selection, collection, metadata and cataloguing.
http://web.archive.org/web/20010303103129/www.icsti.org/icsti/2000work
shop/gatenby.html
Historical Digital Assets for the Next Millennium
Yakel, Elizabeth (Date Created: 2004)
This paper briefly discusses the main models for managing digital assets, including unit based, institutional and trusted digital repositories. It also describes the need for an evolution in the way of thinking so that digital objects are regarded as digital assets, thus acknowledging their long-term value.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10650750410551424
http://iris.emeraldinsight.com/rpsv/~1183/v20n3/s3/p102
OCLC Systems & Services, Vol. 20, no. 3, 2004, pp. 102-105, ISSN 1065-075X. Also available online via subscription.
Digital Black Hole
Palm, Jonas (Date Created: Apr 2006) (Sweden)
This article was published as part of the Training for Audiovisual Preservation in Europe (TAPE) programme. The article presents an analysis of costs for digitizing and long-term storage at the Riksarkivet (National Archives, RA) in Stockholm, Sweden.
http://www.tape-online.net/docs/Palm_Black_Hole.pdf
Digital Cultural Heritage and the Cooperation of National Memory Institutes
Žabička, Petr (Date Created: May 2006) (Czech Republic)
This paper discusses and current and future developments of the WebArchiv, a project to selectively archive the Czech web cultural heritage. It outlines the acquisition and access process, the hardware and software infrastruce and aspects of national and international cooperation for the project.
http://en.webarchiv.cz/files/dokumenty/konference/Zabickabanskabystric
a2006.doc
Paper presented at the the 1st Colloquium of Library Information Employees of the V4+ Countries. State Science Library, Banská Bystrica, Slovakia, 11 - 13 May, 2006. Libraries in the Knowledge Society
Digital Curation
Yakel, Elizabeth (Date Created: 2007)
This article discusses and defines "digital curation" as an umbrella term that includes digital preservation, data curation, electronic records management, and digital asset management.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10650750710831466
http://www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/10650750710831466
Also available in PDF and from OCLC Systems & Services ISSN: 1065-075X Volume: 23 Issue: 4, 2007 pp: 335 - 340
Digital Curation / Digital Archiving: a view from the National Archives of Australia
Cunningham, Adrian (Date Created: Apr 2007) (Australia)
This paper reviews the past ten years of digital curation endeavour at the National Archives of Australia. It also discusses the terminological differences between digital curation and archiving, digital libraries and archives and the requirement for active archival intervention.
http://www.ils.unc.edu/digccurr2007/papers/cunningham_paper_7.pdf
Paper presented at the DigCCurr 2007 Conference Chapel Hill North Carolina 18-20 April 2007.
Digital Curation Centre : a Vision for Digital Curation
Atkinson, Malcolm; Buneman, Peter; Burnhill, Peter; Giaretta, David; Lyon, Liz; Ross, Seamus; Rusbridge, Chris (Date Created: Jun 2005) (United Kingdom)
This paper describes in detail the purpose and goals of the Digital Curation Centre (DCC). Topics covered include research and development activities, services, publications and outreach activities.
http://www.dcc.ac.uk/docs/DCC_Sardinia_paper_final.pdf
Paper presented at From Local to Global: Data Interoperability — Challenges and Technologies, Mass Storage and Systems Technology Committee of IEEE Computer Society, 20–24 June 2005, Sardinia, Italy
Digital Curation Centre : Externally Moderated Reflective Self-Evaluation : Report
Brophy, Peter; Frey, Jeremy (Date Created: Sep 2006)
The Digital Curation Centre was established in 2004. This report evaluates the activities, outputs and achievements of the Centre since then based on a model of self evaluation and moderated by independent external advisers. The report is based on information gathered from a staff survey, community survey, feedback from workshop participants, focus groups and interviews with experts. The report concludes that the DDC be retained and its activites expanded with the integration of changes suggested in the report.
http://www.dcc.ac.uk/docs/DCC_Evaluation_Report_Final.pdf
Historical Digital Curation: Should we be Prepared to Face a Future Without Digital Curation?
Burnhill, Peter (Date Created: May 2004) (United Kingdom)
This article focuses on the Digital Curation Centre (DCC) in the UK. The main aim of the DCC is to support UK institutions to actively manage, as well as to store and preserve digital data for long-term access. Included in the article is an critical examination of issues regarding scholarly data, description of the key objectives of the centre and an overview of the DCC’s main research priorities.
http://www.researchinformation.info/rimayjun04digitalcuration.html
Available in Research Information, May/June 2004, Issue 11
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Digital Data Curation Task Force : Report of the Task Force Strategy Discussion Day
Digital Archiving Consultancy (Date Created: Jan 2003) (United Kingdom)
This report summarises issues discussed at a meeting of the Digital Data Curation Task Force held 26th November 2002 in London. The Task Force was established to work towards defining and structuring a strategy for the use and re-use of digital research data in the UK. Membership of the Task Force covers research, academic and commericial sectors. Areas discussed include the need to establish exemplar science-led research projects which would demonstrate the benefits and value of the re-use of primary research data and the concept of 'curation'.
http://www.jisc.ac.uk/uploaded_documents/CurationTaskForceFinal1.pdf
Historical Digital Durability at the KB: Digital Archiving and Development of 'Permanent Access Technology'
Bellekom, Chris ; van Wijngaarden, Hilde (Date Created: 2003) (Netherlands)
Outlines the requirements for 'permanent access technology' at the Koninklijke Bibliotheek (National Library of the Netherlands), their effort to build an e-Depot, as well as their approach to long-term preservation of image-formats employing the Universal Virtual Computer.
Informatie Professional - 7(2003)11; p. 32-35, ISSN 1385-5328 http://www.informatieprofessional.nl/
Historical Digital Future : a Look Ahead
Hunter, Greg S. (Date Created: Feb 2002)
This article examines three critical aspects of digital preservation: medium, technology and intellectual preservation. The various approaches to preserving information integrity over time are discussed. The author also examines three strategies for a short or long-term implementation plan.
http://www.arma.org/bookstore/productdetail.cfm?ProductID=1234
in Information Management Journal, January/February 2002, pp 70-72 Available from ARMA bookstore
Digital Images Archiving Study : Final Draft
Anderson, Sheila [et al.] (Date Created: Mar 2006) (United Kingdom)
This article is part of a series of feasibility studies produced by the AHDS (Arts and Humanities Data Service) which aim to assess the preservation risk and retention criteria for digital content. The purpose of the Digital images study is to define the preservation requirements of digital image files and to determine archiving methodologies and future research directions. Issues discussed include the properties of digital images, preservation methods, images metadata, life cycle models and assessing preservation costs.
http://www.jisc.ac.uk/uploaded_documents/FinaldraftImagesArchivingStud
y.pdf
Digital Negative (DNG)
Adobe Systems Inc. (Date Created: Oct 2004)
Adobe has announced a new public format for raw digital camera files, the Digital Negative (DNG) file format. DNG offers an open format for archiving proprietary raw files from a diverse range of cameras by different manufacturers, which has positive implications for their long-term preservation. Adobe has also launched a freely available software tool, the Adobe DNG converter, which can translate many of the proprietary files in use today into the new format. Both the Adobe DNG converter and the DNG file format specification are available for download.
http://www.adobe.com/products/dng/main.html
Historical Digital Preservation : An Individual Responsibility For Communal Scholarship
Smith, Abby (Date Created: May 2003)
This article provides a brief discussion of the idea that future scholarship depends on current digital diligence by both libraries and scholars. Scholarly works are created in a wide range of digital formats and their availability for future use depends not only on librarians but on the creators of those works themselves. The Humanities are identified as an area where scholars need to develop work practices that will ensure the integrity of a digital project long after the creator has moved on.
http://www.educause.edu/ir/library/pdf/erm0338.pdf
in Educause Review, May/June 2003
Digital Preservation : Best Practice and its Dissemination
Beagrie, Neil In: Ariadne
This article describes the production and use of the international publication Preservation Management of Digital Materials: A Handbook by Maggie Jones and Neil Beagrie. This publication is available online and in hardcopy. The article discusses the objectives of the publication and intended audience. Future developments of the Handbook including implementing feedback from course participants and continual reviewing and extending the content of the Handbook are also discussed. It is planned that the Handbook will be integrated with online tutorials and modular workshops.
http://www.ariadne.ac.uk/issue43/beagrie/
Historical Digital Preservation : Recording the Recoding : the Documentary Strategy
Depocas, Alain (Date Created: 2002) (Austria)
This article argues that the best way to preserve new media art is to disseminate the work together with the relevant documentation that includes metadata as well as contextual information. Establishing the structure of this documentation can pose a great challenge since it involves recording as many aspects as possible of artistic activities including new technologies, as well as the history of the evolution of new art forms. The accompanying documentation is envisaged as an interpretation, rather than mere illustration of the new media art - as an interface that makes it possible to explore the networked structured work, rather than just to capture or contain it. Therefore the nature of archives is redefined from the notion of storing the information, to that of navigation, of establishing links between pieces of information, of mapping, and of the ability to identify relevant information.
http://www.fondation-langlois.org/html/e/page.php?NumPage=152
Version of paper presented at the ARS Electronica Festival, 2001
Historical Digital Preservation Activities in the UK: Building the Infrastructure
Jones, Maggie (Date Created: Aug 2003) (United Kingdom)
This article provides an overview of the developments and activities in digital preservation in the United Kingdom – from the Joint Information Systems Committee (JISC) and British Library-hosted workshop at the University of Warwick in 1995 up until the present day. Included are summaries of the Cedars and CAMiLEON projects, the JISC Continuing Access and Digital Preservation Strategy (2002-2005), the work of the British Library and the National Archives as well as the Digital Preservation Coalition.
http://archive.ifla.org/IV/ifla69/papers/129e-Jones.pdf
This paper was given at the World Library and Information Congress: 69th IFLA General Conference and Council, 1-9 August, 2003 in Berlin
Historical Digital Preservation and Deep Infrastructure
Stewart Granger In: D-Lib magazine (Date Created: Feb 2002)
This article aims to explain the concept of the term 'deep infrastructure' when applied to Digital Preservation. The author presents a 'picture' of deep infrastructure, and then dissusses the various aspects. An approach that incorporates both practical and strategic methods to achieving 'deep infrastructure' are advocated.
http://www.dlib.org/dlib/february02/granger/02granger.html#
Digital Preservation and Open Access Archives : Persistent Access to Open Access Digital Assets
Pasqui, Valdo (Date Created: 11 Sep 2007)
This briefing paper from Digital Preservation Europe briefly discusses the context and objectives of Open Access Repositories, the OAIS model, and the underpinning properties, policies and strategies.
http://www.digitalpreservationeurope.eu/publications/briefs/open_archi
ves_pasqui.pdf
Digital Preservation Europe Briefing Paper
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Historical Digital Preservation and Permanent Access to Scientific Information : The State of the Practice
Frangakis, Evelyn; Hodge, Gail (Last Updated: 13 May 2004)
This report is an update to “Digital Electronic Archiving : the State of the Art and Practice” report, also jointly sponsored by the International Council for Scientific and Technical Information (ICSTI) and CENDI. It focuses on operational digital preservation systems used specifically in science and technology, while considering the wide range of digital objects as well as different format types, including text, data, audio, video, etc. The report identified 50 projects and systems used by various international organizations to preserve digital science data, of which 21 were selected to highlight because of the operational nature of their systems as well as the potential wider interest to the scientific community.
http://cendi.dtic.mil/publications/04-3dig_preserv.html
PDF version available for printing.
Historical Digital Preservation Coalition
Jones, Maggie In: RLG DigiNews (Date Created: 15 Feb 2004) (United Kingdom)
An interview with Maggie Jones, Coordinator of the UK Digital Preservation Coalition (DPC). It provides background information, goals and objectives and some information about future directions of the organisation.
http://worldcat.org/arcviewer/1/OCC/2007/08/08/0000070511/viewer/file3
683.html#article1
Historical Digital Preservation Coalition
Jones, Maggie (Date Created: Jun 2004) (United Kingdom)
This article, adapted from a paper given by the author at the August 2003 IFLA Conference, gives a brief history and description of the major activities of the Digital Preservation Coalition (DPC) since its inception in February 2002.
http://oberon.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/03055720410531031
Also available in pdf version and in VINE Digital Preservation and Libraries, Part Two. , Vol. 34, no. 2, 2004, pp. 84-86, ISSN 0305-5728
Historical Digital Preservation Conundrum, Part 1
Smith, Abby (Date Created: 2004) (United States of America)
This article forms the first of two articles addressing the digital preservation conundrum. The author examines a number of factors which contribute to making the long-term preservation of digital information difficult. Areas explored include the dynamic nature of digital content, copyright issues and the changing needs of users. The author also comments on the roles of US federal agencies (such as the Library of Congress) in relation to digital preservation
http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/J123v46n01_12
http://www.informaworld.com/smpp/content~content=a903456727~db=all~ord
er=page
Available in The Serials Librarian, Vol 46, No 1/2, 2004, pp. 107-113 and as a section in the monograph, Serials in the Park, pp. 107-113, ISBN 0789025647 (hardcover)
Digital Preservation Conundrum, Part 2: Preservation and Electronic-Archiving
Fenton, Eileen Gifford (Date Created: Apr 2004) (United States of America)
This article forms part two of the Digital Preservation Conundrum and addresses some of the issues highlighted in Abby Smith’s commentary on this topic. In this article, the author looks at the basic assumptions in preserving print resources and examines how these can/cannot be applied to the preservation of digital materials. The author also argues that, like their print counterparts, electronic resources require an effective supporting infrastructure if they are to be preserved for the long-term.
http://www.informaworld.com/smpp/content~content=a903456728~db=all~ord
er=page
Available in The Serials Librarian, Vol 46, No 1/2, April 2004, pp. 115-119 and as a section in the monograph, Serials in the Park, pp. 115-119, ISBN 0789025647 (hardcover)
Historical Digital Preservation in Practice: The e-Depot at the Koninklijke Bibliotheek
Oltmans, Erik; van Wijngaarden, Hilde (Date Created: Jan 2004) (Netherlands)
This article describes the Koninklijke Bibliotheek’s (KB – Netherlands’ National Library) partnership with IBM in relation to the long-term preservation of digital materials. Both parties have developed a standard-based deposit system called the e-Depot. This article not only provides an overview of the main functions of the e-Depot, but describes further developments by the KB/IBM team, including a preservation manager for the storage and use of technical metadata within the e-Deport and an access tool, the Universal Virtual Computer (UVC).
http://ninetta.emeraldinsight.com/Insight/viewContentItem.do?contentTy
pe=Article&contentId=862527
Also available in PDF version and in VINE, Vol 34, No 1, 2004, pp. 21-26, ISSN 0305-5728 (Special Issue: Digital Preservation and Libraries. Part One).
Digital Preservation In Radiology : Ensuring Long Term Accessibility of Digital Medical Images
Kulovits, Hannes; Rauber, Andreas (Date Created: 31 Mar 2009)
This Digital Preservation Europe briefing paper outlines the preservation requirements of digital imaging in European medical practices and suggests that additional efforts may be required to establish trusted repositories through risk assessment and compliance auditing.
http://www.digitalpreservationeurope.eu/publications/briefs/digital_pr
eservation_in_radiology.pdf
Digital Preservation Europe Briefing Paper
Digital Preservation in the Estonian National Archives
National Archives of Estonia (Date Created: 2005) (Estonia)
This document covers the background, current and future plans for digital preservation at the Estonian National Archives. It includes topics such as legal issues, strategic plans, survey and preservation of national datasets, data conversion and metadata. Specific projects are also discussed.
http://www.ra.ee/galahad/file_storage/2/949
Historical Digital Preservation of Scientific Information in Brazil : an Initial Approach of Existing Models
Arellano, Miguel Angel Mardero (Date Created: Jun 2004) (Brazil)
This brief paper is based on the results of a study from a doctoral dissertation at the University of Brasilia (Brazil). The study investigated how scientific information is being preserved and what kind of digital preservation strategies are in place in government institutions in Brazil. The data revealed that scientific information institutions lack standards related preservation activities and that the scientific data is being stored in databases that are proprietary in nature without digital preservation strategies in place.
http://eprints.rclis.org/archive/00002545/
8th ICCC International Conference of Electronic Publishing, Brasilia (Brazil), 23-26 June 2004
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Historical Digital Preservation Strategy
Davis, Simon (Date Created: Nov 2002) (Australia)
This presentation looks at the National Archives of Australia (NAA) Digital Preservation Policy, devised from its Agency to Researcher Digital Preservation Project. As well as touching on digital preservation problems such as obolesence and restriction on the use of proprietary technology, the article explores data formats used by the NAA as a means of providing digital preservation solutions. These include data formats developed by the NAA, such as dataset, emailmessage, webpackage and XML and Java-based tools, as well as dataformats already in existence, such as XHTML, Portable Network Graphics (PNG) and Open Office.
http://pandora.nla.gov.au/pan/49635/20050510-0000/www.naa.gov.au/recor
dkeeping/rkpubs/fora/02nov/digital_preservation.pdf
Digital Preservation Through Archival Collaboration: The Data Preservation Alliance for the Social Sciences
Adams, Margaret; Altman, Micah; Crabtree, Jonathon; Donakowski, Darrell; Maynard, Mark; Pienta, Amy; Young, Copeland (Date Created: Mar 2009) (United States of America)
This article provides an overview of the Data-PASS collaboration which is supported by the Library of Congress National Digital Information Infrastructure and Preservation Program (NDIIPP) and is a collaboration of five major institutions: the Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research; The Roper Center for Public Opinion Research; The Howard W. Odum Institute for Research in Social Science; the electronic records custodial division of the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA); and The Henry A. Murray Research Archive, with strong technology support from the Harvard-MIT Data Center.
http://maltman.hmdc.harvard.edu/papers/SharedPractices.pdf
Draft of Article prepared for the American Archivist
Digital Preservation using the WARC file format
Kristiansen, Mads Alhof (Date Created: 30 Jul 2006) (Denmark)
This paper was prepared as a graduate student project in collaboration with the Danish Royal Library (Det Kongelige Bibliotek) and has been published as a technical paper at University of Copenhagen, Department of Computer Science. It considers the potential of WARC as an archival medium through small scale experiments testing the preservation strategies of migration, emulation and durable encoding using the case study of the Royal Library's Digital Object Management System.
ftp://ftp.diku.dk/diku/semantics/papers/D-548.pdf
Technical paper 2006 D-548, TOPPS, DIKU (Datalogisk Institut på Københavns Universitet)
Digital Preservation: Illuminating the Past, Guiding the Future
National Archives of Australia (Date Created: Jun 2006) (Australia)
This publication describes the challenges of digital preservation and the approach of the National Archives of Australia to preserving Commonwealth Government electronic records. It briefly introduces the Xena software.
ISBN: 1920807454
http://www.naa.gov.au/Images/XENA_brochure%5B1%5D_tcm2-918.pdf
Available online as PDF.
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Historical Digital Preservation: The Australian Experience
Woodyard, Deborah (Date Created: Oct 2000) (Australia)
This paper, presented at the 3rd Digital Library Conference: Positioning the Fountain of Knowledge, discusses how and what is being digitally preserved in Australia. Current projects include standardizing metadata and preserving audio collections and electronic publications. Cooperative projects, such as PANDORA and PADI are two of the projects mentioned.
http://www.nla.gov.au/nla/staffpaper/dw001004.html
Digital Preservation: The Need for an Open Source Digital Archival and Preservation System for Small to Medium Sized Collections
Bradley, Kevin (Date Created: Feb 2008)
This paper given at the 2008 Memory of the World Conference (19-22 February 2009, Canberra, Australia) discusses the findings of the UNESCO report "Towards an Open Source Repository and Preservation System: Recommendations on the Implementation of an Open Source Digital Archival and Preservation System and on Related Software Development”.
http://pandora.nla.gov.au/pan/83301/20080415-1354/www.amw.org.au/mow20
08/mow/speakerPapers/BradleyPaper.pdf
Historical Digital Reality II: Preserving our Electronic Heritage
NELINET (Date Created: 05 Jun 2000) (United States of America)
This page contains links to conference papers from a seminar held on Monday June 5, 2000 at John F. Kennedy Library, Boston MA which was co-sponsored by NELINET Preservation Advisory Center, John F. Kennedy Library and the Northeast Documentation Center.
http://web.archive.org/web/20071026114309/http://www.nelinet.net/edser
v/conf/digital/dr_2000/digital.htm
Site archived by the Internet Archive.
Digital Repositories Roadmap : Looking Forward
Heery, Rachel; Powell, Andy (Date Created: 07 Apr 2006) (United Kingdom)
Funded by JISC (Joint Information Systems Committee), this discussion document provides information on current practices, future plans and individual roadmaps for various types of repository material such as geospatial data, academic papers and learning material for 2006-2010. The content of the roadmap was made by contributors from academic and research organisations in the UK.
http://www.jisc.ac.uk/uploaded_documents/rep-roadmap-v15.doc
Historical Digitization in an Archival Environment
McKay, Sally (Date Created: 2003)
This article concentrates on the disadvantages of digitization, particularly with regard to cultural institutions. Legal, technical and selection issues are discussed. There is a short section on digital preservation issues associated with digitised materials.
http://southernlibrarianship.icaap.org/content/v04n01/Mckay_s01.htm
in E-JASL Electronic Journal of Academic and Special Librarianship, vol. 4, no.1, (Winter 2003)
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Historical Digitizing, Archiving and Preserving Japanese Cultural Heritage
Harada, Hisayoshi In: RLG DigiNews (Date Created: 15 Apr 2003) (Japan)
This article describes the current activities and initiatives at the National Diet Library in creating a National Digital Library Digitization Project. Copyright is discussed, especially in regard to networked digital publications. The National Diet Library also has several projects planned, including WARP (Web Archiving Project) and DNAVI (the NDL Database Navigation Service). The National Diet Library has also begun research and study for long term preservation of digital information to make the public aware of its importance. A three year project began in 2002 to set up comprehensive guidelines and policies for long term preservation strategies.
http://worldcat.org/arcviewer/1/OCC/2007/08/08/0000070519/viewer/file1
230.html#feature1
DINI Institutional Repository Certification and Beyond.
Dobratz, Susanne ; Scholze, Frank (Date Created: Feb 2006) (Germany)
This paper presented at 8th Bielefeld Conference (7-9 February, Bielefeld, Germany) provides an overview of institutional repositories which support Open Access in Germany and describes the DINI Certificate 2006 which was developed by DINI, the German initiative for Networked Information.
http://conference.ub.uni-bielefeld.de/2006/proceedings/dobratz_scholze
_final_web.pdf
Also published in Library Hi-Tech, Vol 24, No 4, 2006, pp 583-594.
Directory of Digital Preservation Repositories and Services in the UK : 2nd ed.
Simpson, Duncan (Date Created: Jun 2005) (United Kingdom)
This is an updated version of the Directory first issued in 2004. It is a listing of predominately UK resources that provide services in digital storage and preservation. It includes public and not for profit resources and resources from the private sector. The type of resources include archives such as the UK Web Archiving Consortium, data services such as AHDS (Arts and Humanities Data Service), support services and consultancies. The entry for each resource includes location, scope of the service, volume and type of material held, and contact details.
http://www.dpconline.org/docs/guides/directory.pdf
Historical Disposable Scholarship?
Miller, Frederick (Date Created: Jan 2004)
This article provides a brief commentary on the issues of long-term preservation of digital information within the higher education sector. With such institutions producing a growing amount of digital media and information, the author stresses the importance of developing strategies to ensure long-terms access of digital scholarship for future generations. Also discussed is the role of higher education institutions in developing digital preservation strategies.
http://www.educause.edu/ir/library/pdf/eqm0411.pdf
Available in EDUCAUSE Quarterly, Volume 27, No 1, 2004, pp. 8-9, ISSN 1528-5324.
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DiVA : Academic Archive Online
Müller, Eva In: DigiCULT.Info Newsletter
This article provides a general overview of the DiVA archive, including current functionality and workflows . In operation since January 2003, the DiVA system is used by several universities in Nordic countries. Long term preservation is an integral part of the system. Each document is assigned a persistent identifier and an archive copy is stored in a local depository as well as sent to the appropriate national library digital archive. The article also describes the development of the DiVA document format (DDF), which is an XML document type, as an important part of the long term preservation strategy.
http://www.digicult.info/downloads/digicult_info_9.pdf
Historical DiVA Project : Development of an Electronic Publishing System
Andersson, Stefan; Hansson, Peter ; Klosa, Uwe; Muller, Eva In: D-Lib magazine (Date Created: Nov 2003) (Sweden)
This article describes the status of the DiVA (Digitala Vetenskapliga Arkivet) system developed at the Uppsala University in Sweden. It concentrates on publishing workflow, DiVA document format and solutions supporting long-term preservation such as persistent links. Future development plans are also discussed.
http://www.dlib.org/dlib/november03/muller/11muller.html
DK Domain : in Words and Figures
Andersen, Bjarne (Date Created: Feb 2006) (Denmark)
In July 2005, new legal deposit laws in Demark gave the Royal Library and the State and University Library the mandate to gather and preserve the Danish domain of the Internet. This paper discusses the initial cross section harvesting that occurred from July to October 2005. Also discussed are the technical specifications of the harvest, harvest limitations, statistics on file types and the size of Danish websites.
http://netarkivet.dk/publikationer/DFrevy_english.pdf
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Historical Dominos : a New Web Crawler's Design
Djeraba, Chabane; Hafri, Younès (Date Created: Sep 2004)
This article describes 'Dominos', a high performance crawler developed as a real-time distributed system running on a cluster of machines in order to facilitate the French Web legal deposit. Various general web crawling strategies are described, including repetitive crawling, targeted crawling, and deep web crawling and the differences between Dominos and other web crawlers are outlined. A detailed technical picture of the functions and processes of the Dominos crawler and results from performance testing are included.
http://www.iwaw.net/04/Hafri.pdf
This workshop was held in conjunction with the 8th European Conference on Research and Advanced Technologies for Digital Libraries, September 2004
Double Bind of E-journal Collections
Fox, Robert (Date Created: 2007) (United States of America)
This article compares and contrasts the philosophies and technical underpinnings of LOCKSS and Portico, two different approaches used for e-journal archiving and preservation of born digital material.
http://www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/10650750710720739
Also available in PDF and in OCLC Systems and Services: International Library Perspectives ISSN 1065-075X Vol 23, Issue 1, 2007, pp21-29
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Historical DPC Forum - Web-archiving: Managing and Archiving Online Documents and Records
Joint Information Systems Committee Distributed National Electronic Resource (JISC/DNER) (Last Updated: 25 Apr 2002) (United Kingdom)
Organised by the Digital Preservation Coalition (DPC) and held at the Institution of Professionals, Managers and Specialists, London, on 25 March, 2002, this event brought together key institutions involved in web-archiving, in order to share experience and to highlight issues in archiving and long-term preservation. Links to the summary report of the meeting and presenters' notes are provided.
http://www.dpconline.org/graphics/events/webforum.html
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Historical DPC Forum with Industry: Future R & D for Digital Asset Preservation
Digital Preservation Coalition (DPC) (Date Created: Jun 2002) (United Kingdom)
This web page provides links to a summary meeting report and presentations by speakers from both the public and private sectors, as presented at the Digital Preservation Coalition forum with industry, held at Prospect House, London on 5th June, 2002. Topics covered long-term trends and research and development issues for preservation and access to digital material in both government and industry.
http://www.dpconline.org/graphics/events/rdfuture.html
Historical DPC Forum: Archiving: Adapting to the Digital Age
Jones, Maggie (Date Created: 24 Sep 2003) (United Kingdom)
A report and summary of the Digital Preservation Coalition's (DPC) forum held at the National Archives, Kew (UK) on 24th September, 2003. The report covers sessions on electronic records management and collecting and preserving digital materials. Links to some presentation slides (in PDF format) are available.
http://www.dpconline.org/graphics/events/for24sept.html
Draft DCC Approach to Digital Curation
Digital Curation Centre (Date Created: 27 Aug 2004) (United Kingdom)
This extensive document is a draft and is being continually updated. It features a detailed definition and discussion of the concept of digital curation, particularly as it is applied by the Digital Curation Centre (DCC). Also discussed is the OAIS Reference Model as the basis of Centre's digital curation approach. The document also identifies key services that the DCC can research, develop and supply to facilitate digital curation, including the creation of a Registry/Repository of Representation Information, including information about formats, software and standards.
http://www.dcc.ac.uk/docs/phase-1/DCCApproachtoDigitalCuration-2004082
7.pdf
Historical In DSpace, Ideas are Forever
Marx, Vivien (Date Created: 03 Aug 2003)
This article from the New York Times discusses DSpace and other similar archives. It describes the circumstances encouraging the growth of scholarly archiving and includes quotes from the director of M.I.T. Libraries and the Scholarly Publishing and Academic Resources Coalition. (Free registration required.)
http://www.nytimes.com/2003/08/03/edlife/03EDTECH.html?ex=1060922358&e
i=1&en=262cf6a5774edd97
New York Times, Education Life
Historical DSpace: An Institutional Repository from the MIT Libraries and Hewlett Packard Laboratories
Smith, MacKenzie In: Research and Advanced Technology for Digital Libraries: 6th European Conference, ECDL 2002, Rome, Italy, September 16-18, 2002. Proceedings
A paper presented at ECDL 2002, describing the rationale for institutional repositories, the DSpace system, and its implementation at MIT. Plans to release the system in open source to allow continued research in open scholarly communication and long-term preservation for digital materials are also discussed. The abstract is available free-of-charge online. The full article may be obtained in print form or online for a fee.
http://www.springerlink.com/content/8nkpt4nnwkpepbh8/?p=b085cd359d3f44
65835fa1bccd90abc6&pi=39
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Historical DSpace: An Open Source Dynamic Digital Repository
Barton, Mary; Bass, Mick; Branschofsky, Margret; Harford Walker, Julie; McClellan, Greg; Smith, MacKenzie; Stuve, Dave; Tansley, Robert In: D-Lib magazine (Date Created: Jan 2003) (United States of America)
An article describing DSpace, a collaborative initiative between MIT Libraries and Hewlett-Packard Labs, which provides a way to manage and retain accessibility to research materials and scholarly publications over time in a professionally maintained repository. Details of the repository's information model, architecture, interface and workflow, as well as its scope, planning and preservation options are discussed.
http://www.dlib.org/dlib/january03/smith/01smith.html
E-Archiving : an Overview of some Repository Software Management Tools
Prudlo, Marion In: Ariadne (Date Created: Apr 2005)
This article examines three of the more popular repository management systems - LOCKSS, EPrints and DSpace. These tools are analysed in terms of functionality, costs, participants and required skills for use.
http://www.ariadne.ac.uk/issue43/prudlo/
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Historical E-Government and Digital Preservation
Dumortier, Jos (Date Created: May 2003)
This paper was presented at the Workshop on E-Government: Legal, Technical and Pedagogical Aspects at Albarracín (Spain), 8-10th May 2003. The paper discusses digital signatures within the context of digital archiving. Digital signatures are used to authenticate the originator and the integrity of information. The article discusses the long term validation of digital signatures and the implications of this for emulation and migration preservation strategies.
http://www.unizar.es/derecho/fyd/lefis/documentos/Albareccin_JosDumort
ier.pdf
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Historical E-Journal Archive DTD Feasibility Study
Inera Incorporated (Date Created: 05 Dec 2001)
This report, commissioned by the Harvard University Library E-Journal Archiving Project under a grant from the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation, provides recommendations for the development of a common SGML structure for representing the intellectual content of archived journal articles and examines the challenges to be faced in transforming such content. It is based on examination of DTDs from ten publishers and the experiences of organisations that have worked with multiple publishers and DTDs.
http://www.diglib.org/preserve/hadtdfs.pdf
Historical E-Journals - What Do You Get For Your Money?
Jones, Maggie (Date Created: Feb 2003) (United Kingdom)
This article focuses on the role of the Joint Information Systems Committee (JISC), UK, in relation to the issues and challenges of the long-term preservation and continued access of licensed e-journals. JISC has acknowledged the challenges that have emerged with licensed e-journals, particularly with regard to the differing roles and responsibilities of both libraries and publishers. To that end, the Committee has developed a JISC/Publishers Association (PA) Model Licence that seeks to explore such areas as continued online access and different archival options. Between September and November 2002, a JISC consultancy conducted a survey of libraries and publishers as a means of addressing this need for a more definitive role between libraries and publishers, as well as assessing options for a central archiving facility.
http://uksg.metapress.com/openurl.asp?genre=article&issn=0953-0460
&volume=16&issue=1&spage=27
Available online at uksg.metapress.com and in Serials for the International Serials Community, ISSN 0953-0460, Vol. 16, No. 1, March 2003, pp. 27-31
E-journals: Archiving and Preservation Briefing Paper
Jones, Maggie (Date Created: 06 Mar 2007) (United Kingdom)
This briefing paper reports on the current options for e-journal archiving in the UK. It considers the role of Legal Deposit, the role of institutional and open access repositories and current e-journal archiving options.
http://www.jisc.ac.uk/publications/publications/pub_ejournalspreservat
ionbp.aspx
Available in HTML with PDF and RTF versions available for download
Historical E-print Services and Long-term Access to the Record of Scholarly and Scientific Research
Day, Michael In: Ariadne (Date Created: 22 Jun 2001)
This article considers some of the long-term preservation issues for e-print services (or archives), a potential application of the Open Archives Initiative (OAI). Some of the major implications such as responsibility for preservation, and authenticity are discussed.
http://www.ariadne.ac.uk/issue28/metadata/
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Historical E-Science Curation Report : Data Curation for E-Science in the UK : an Audit to Establish Requirements for Future Curation and Provision
Lord, Philip; Macdonald, Alison (Date Created: 2003) (United Kingdom)
This report, prepared for the JISC Committee for the Support of Research (JCSR), endeavours to establish the current provision and future requirements for curation of digital primary research data generated within e-science in the UK. The report consists of strategic and policy level recommendations. Questionnaires and interviews were used to ascertain current provisions for data curation, in areas including such as repositories, libraries, funding, costs, preservation, and standards.
http://www.jisc.ac.uk/uploaded_documents/e-ScienceReportFinal.pdf
Early Learnings from the National Library of New Zealand's National Digital Heritage Archive Project
Knight, Steve (Date Created: 25 Aug 2009) (New Zealand)
This paper presented at the World Library and Information Congress: 75th IFLA General Conference and Council (23-27 August 2009, Milan, Italy) provides an overview of Phase 1 of the NDHA (National Digital Heritage Archive) developed by the National Library of New Zealand. It discusses the state of digital preservation at the Library and in the broader community.
http://www.ifla.org/files/hq/papers/ifla75/146-knight-en.pdf
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Earth Observation Archives in Digital Library and Grid Infrastructures
Fusco, Luigi (Date Created: Dec 2004)
Earth observation missions generate petabytes of data which need to be preserved for use in long-term analyses. This article describes how digital library and Grid technology can support long-term data preservation and access. Examples of initiatives that use these technologies are described, such as the European DILIGENT project.
http://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/dsj/3/0/222/_pdf
Data Science Journal, ISSN 1683-1470, Vol. 3, December 2004, pp 222-226.
Historical ECDL 2001 Workshop - What's next for Digital Deposit Libraries? Preserving Online Content for Future Generations - Papers
Lupovici, Catherine; Masanès, Julien (Date Created: 26 Sep 2001) (France)
This web site contains links to presentations given at the ECDL 2001 Workshop on September 8, 2001 in Darmstadt, Germany. Topics focus on legal deposit and the internet, web harvesting and archiving. Papers in Powerpoint format include - Austrian On-Line Archive : Current Status and Next Steps ; Harvesting the Finnish Web Space : Practical Experiences ; BnF's Project for Web Archiving ; Collection of German Online Resources by Die Deutsche Bibliothek ; Kulturarw the Swedish WWW Archive.
http://bibnum.bnf.fr/ecdl/2001/index.html
Historical ECDL 2002 Workshop Report: Web Archiving
Masanès, Julien; Rauber, Andreas (Date Created: Oct 2002)
A brief report on the 2nd ECDL Workshop on Web Archiving, held in Rome on 19 September, 2002, in conjunction with ECDL 2002. The Workshop had three sessions dealing with technical issues and strategies, the progress of several web archiving projects, and two international consortia initiatives in web archiving.
http://www.dlib.org/dlib/october02/10inbrief.html#RAUBER
Editors' Interview with Victoria Reich, Director, LOCKSS Program
Research Libraries Group In: RLG DigiNews (Date Created: 15 Feb 2006)
Vicki Reich is interviewed about LOCKSS, including the new initiative CLOCKSS and other recent developments.
http://worldcat.org/arcviewer/1/OCC/2007/08/08/0000070519/viewer/file1
339.html#article0
Electronic Publication: Problems of Archiving and Access to Archived Information: Legal Deposit, Data Protection and Related Topics
von Hielmcrone, Harald (Date Created: 16 Jul 2008) (Denmark)
This paper given at World Library and Information Congress: 74th IFLA General Conference and Council (10-14 August 2008, Québec, Canada) discusses the challenges for libraries of electronic publications. It focuses on the situation in Denmark looking in particular at the effect of the revision of the Legal Deposit Act and the legal aspects of web harvesting.
http://archive.ifla.org/IV/ifla74/papers/087-Hielmcrone-en.pdf
Historical Electronic Publications Pilot 1996/97 : Final Report
Hjartarson, Fay; Mowat, Kathryn; Ramage, Pamela (Date Created: May 1999) (Canada)
Conducted as a joint initiative between Statistics Canada and the Depository Services Program (DSP) between 1996-1997, the Electronic Publications Pilot's (EPP) main aim was to gather information on how DSP libraries and their users were embracing the electronic environment, and to assess the impact electronic publications would have on print publications. This article provides an overview of the pilot, including an explanation of the methodology undertaken, limitations of the study, research findings including technical and resource problems and archiving issues.
ISBN: 0662278607
http://www.statcan.ca/bsolc/english/bsolc?catno=11-534-R&CHROPG=1
Catalogue no. 11-534-RIE
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Electronic Records, Problem Solved? : the Victorian Electronic Records Strategy and the Future of Electronic Record Keeping in Victoria
Gibbs, Ross; Heazlelwood, Justine (Date Created: 8 Jul 2000) (Australia)
This paper discusses the outcomes of the VERS project for the capture and long-term preservation of government records. A standard model for archiving electronic records is outlined, together with essential criteria for formatting documents for long-term access.
http://www.vala.org.au/vala2000/2000pdf/Gib_Hea.PDF
Historical Ephemeral to Enduring : The Internet Archive and Its Role in Preserving Digital Media
Edwards, Eli (Date Created: 2004) (United States of America)
This article focuses on the role and functions of the Internet Archive (IA) in the USA. As well as providing background information on the development of the Archive, the article looks at the Archive's several website collections as well as gaps in the collection, the role of the IA in relation to copyright and compares and contrasts the IA's approach to archiving with internet and archiving projects undertaken by national libraries around the world.
http://www.ala.org/ala/mgrps/divs/lita/ital/volume23a/number1a/v23n1.c
fm#edwards
Also available in Information Technology and Libraries, Vol 23, No 1, March 2004, pp. 3-8, ISSN 07309295
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Historical Ephemeral Will Endure : the Future of Conceptual Art and Digital Preservation
Sharp, Rebecca In: DigiCULT.Info Newsletter (Date Created: Aug 2002) (United States of America)
Based on an interview with Jon Ippolito, Co-ordinator of the Variable Media Initiative (VMI) at the Guggenheim Museum in New York, this article addresses the main components of the VMI. The initiative allows artists working with ephemeral media formats to collaborate with museum and media consultants to produce appropriate preservation strategies for their works. Through the use of an interactive questionnaire, artists specify “preservation and dissemination options according to the properties unique to their work”, thus further enabling this area of art history to be available to future generations.
http://www.digicult.info/downloads/digicult_info2.pdf
Historical ePrints UK : Developing a National E-Prints Archive
Martin, Ruth In: Ariadne (Date Created: 2003) (United Kingdom)
ePrints UK is a two year project which aims to provide the higher and further education sector access to and preservation of the e-print papers available from compliant open archive repositories. This paper provides a brief overview of the ePrints UK project, including technical issues such as database development and SOAP (Simple Object Access Protocol) interfaces and non technical issues such as intellectual property rights and insufficient repositories from which to harvest records.
http://www.ariadne.ac.uk/issue35/martin
Historical ERA: An Archives of the Future for the Future
Carlin, John W. (Date Created: Mar 2004) (United States of America)
Written by the Archivist of the United States, this article provides an overview of the challenges facing the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) in dealing with the preservation of federal government electronic records. The article describes the NARA’s attempts in dealing with such challenges, by outlining developments of the Electronic Records Archive (ERA). Included in the article are descriptions of stakeholders, the main functions and bids for design of the ERA, as well as other projects and initiatives the NARA is undertaking in relation to electronic recordkeeping.
http://www.archives.gov/publications/prologue/2004/spring/archivist.ht
ml
Available in Prologue, a quarterly publication of the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA), Spring 2004, Vol. 36, No. 1
Erfaringer med høstning af det danske net 2005-2008
Jacobsen, Grethe (Date Created: Dec 2008) (Denmark)
This article (in Danish) provides an update on the activities of Netarkivet.dk and its efforts to archive the Danish Web. Included are statistics comparing the 2005 and 2008 crawls.
http://ej.lib.cbs.dk/index.php/dfrevy/article/viewFile/2291/2276
DF Revy, ISSN 0106-0503, No. 8, December 2008, pp12-15
Escience and Archiving for Space Science
Borne, K. D. ; Eastman, Timothy E. (Date Created: 01 Sep 2005)
This article explores space science data preservation, archiving, and access. It also looks at interoperability of datasets and OAIS architecture.
http://journals.eecs.qub.ac.uk/codata/journal/contents/4_05/4_05pdfs/D
S430.pdf
Data Science Journal, Vol. 4, 1 September, 2005, http://www.datasciencejournal.org/
Eternal Bits : How Can We Preserve Digital Files and Save Our Collective Memory?
Smith, Mackenzie (Date Created: 19 Jul 2005) (United States of America)
This article outlines the problems and solutions in preserving digital information. The Dspace archiving process is discussed and examples are used to highlight various data preservation scenarios.
http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/29463
IEEE Spectrum Online, 19 July 2005
Ethical Issues in Web Archive Creation and Usage - Towards a Research Agenda
Kaiser, Max; Rauber, Andreas; Wachter, Bernhard (Date Created: Sep 2008)
This paper delivered at IWAW 2008, discusses key ethical concerns raised about web archiving and proposes directions to pro-actively address the concerns particularly through IT methods.
http://iwaw.net/08/IWAW2008-Rauber.pdf
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Historical EVA : The Acquisition and Archiving of Electronic Network Publications In Finland
Lounamaa, Kirsti; Salonharju, Inkeri In: Tietolinja News (Date Created: 15 Jan 1999) (Finland)
This article presents the current status of a project to capture and preserve electronic documents published in the Finnish Internet. The article describes the policy used to select the material to be included in the collection, the capturing process, the storage technology and accessing method. Electronic documents are not yet a part of the Legal Deposit in Finland, but the revision of the Act is going on and the aim is to also preserve electronic publications for the coming generations.
http://www.lib.helsinki.fi/tietolinja/0199/evaart.html
Tietolinja News 1/1999
Evaluation of Motion JPEG 2000 for Video Archiving
Gill, Michael; Pearson, Glenn (Date Created: Apr 2005) (United States of America)
This paper discusses the applicability of Motion JPEG 2000 (MJ2) as a format for long term video preservation. This paper examines three MJ2 implementations - Kakadu, Morgan Multimedia's codec and Open JPEG 2000.
http://archive.nlm.nih.gov/pubs/pearson/MJ2_video_archiving.pdf
Paper presented at the Archiving 2005 conference, April 26-29, 2005, Washington D.C.
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Historical Evolution of an Institutional E-prints Archive at the University of Glasgow
Nixon, William J In: Ariadne (Date Created: 8 Jul 2002) (United Kingdom)
This article describes the progress of the e-print archive at the University of Glasgow, including the aims of the archive, decisions about implementation, metadata and presentation. The article also notes the role of the library in encouraging submissions, providing advice on copyright, and arranging deposit, conversion of formats and review of metadata quality.
http://www.ariadne.ac.uk/issue32/eprint-archives/
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Historical Exposing and Harvesting Metadata Using the OAI Metadata Harvesting Protocol: A Tutorial
Warner, Simeon (Date Created: Jun 2001)
This article describes the Open Archives Initiative's metadata harvesting protocol.
http://library.cern.ch/HEPLW/4/papers/3/
Fading Memory of the State
Talbot, David (Date Created: Jul 2005)
This article describes the difficulties and issues that the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) are encountering in trying to preserve electronic data. It outlines the development of NARA's Electronic Records Archives (ERA) scheduled for incremental release between 2007-2011. Also discussed are other initiatives such as DSpace.
http://www.technologyreview.com/articles/05/07/issue/feature_memory.as
p?trk=nl
Available by subscription to Tecnology Review
FAQ: Copyright Keeps Open Archives and Digital Preservation Separate
Hirtle, Peter B. In: RLG DigiNews (Date Created: 15 Apr 2007)
This article considers the effect of copyright on self-archiving in open access digital repositories.
http://worldcat.org/arcviewer/1/OCC/2007/08/08/0000070519/viewer/file1
37.html#article5
Fast Browsing of Archived Web Contents
JaJa, Joseph; Song, Sangchul (Date Created: Sep 2008)
This paper given at IWAW 2008 (International Workshop on Web Archiving, Aarhus Denmark 18-19 Sept, 2008) considers the problem of archiving a linked set of web objects into web containers in such a way as to minimize the number of containers accessed during a browsing session. The paper describes the development of a methodology and simulation results which are compared to the common scheme used to organize web objects.
http://iwaw.net/08/IWAW2008-Song.pdf
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Historical Feasibility and Requirements Study On Preservation Of E-Prints: Report Commissioned by the Joint Information Systems Committee (JISC)
Anderson, Sheila; James, Hamish; Pinfield, Stephen; Ruusalepp, Raivo (Date Created: 29 Oct 2003) (United Kingdom)
Published by the Joint Information Systems Committee, this final report observes that while UK e-print repositories probably lack the research, tools and strategies for long-term preservation, e-prints do not present unique technical challenges for preservation. It describes the properties of e-prints and identifies areas that require further research, including e-print metadata, cost models and e-print file formats.
http://www.jisc.ac.uk/uploaded_documents/e-prints_report_final.pdf
Fedora and the Preservation of University Records Project
Dockins, Robert; Glick, Kevin; Wilczek, Eliot In: RLG DigiNews (Date Created: 15 Oct 2006) (United States of America)
This article provides an overview of the recently completed Fedora and the Preservation of University Records Project being undertaken by the Digital Collections and Archives of Tufts University and Manuscripts and Archives of Yale University. The project aimed at combining electronic records preservation research and theory and digital library research and practice. The article discusses recordkeeping systems and preservation activities, and the two of the products of the project the Ingest Guide and Maintain Guide.
http://worldcat.org/arcviewer/1/OCC/2007/08/08/0000070519/viewer/file2
514.html#article0
Filing and Archiving E-mail
Boudrez, Filip (Date Created: 2006) (Belgium)
The article discusses the quality requirements for an e-mail archiving procedure, including the DAVID model and some aspects of e-mail archiving including selection, migration to preservation formats and archving metadata. The article also describes how the Antwerp City Archives developed a system for the management and archiving of e-mail.
http://www.expertisecentrumdavid.be/docs/filingArchiving_email.pdf
Historical Final Cedars Workshop: A Report from Manchester, UK
Day, Michael In: RLG DigiNews (Date Created: Apr 2002) (United Kingdom)
Michael Day reports on the final Cedars workshop, held at UMIST, Manchester, UK on 25-26 February 2002. The workshop's main purposes were to disseminate information on the Cedars project, put the work into a wider digital preservation context and consider future directions.
http://worldcat.org/arcviewer/1/OCC/2007/08/08/0000070519/viewer/file5
20.html#conference
Historical Final Report on the Initial Development of the DSpace Federation
DSpace (Date Created: 30 Jun 2004) (United States of America)
This is the DSpace Federation Project's year-end 2004 report (34 p.) for the Mellon Foundation. Of interest is the case studies submitted by the participating universities.
http://www.dspace.org/images/stories/mellon-dspace.pdf
Finding and Archiving the Internet Footprint
Cox, David; Garfinkel, Simson (Date Created: 10 Feb 2009)
This paper given at the First Digital Lives Conference (British Library Conference Centre, London, 9-11 February 2009) explores the range of information that an originator may have left on computers that form part of the Internet. It discusses methods for finding the content and legal and ethical issues faced by archivists.
http://simson.net/clips/academic/2009.BL.InternetFootprint.pdf
Finland's Internet Archive
Jansson, Leena (Date Created: Aug 2009) (Finland)
This article briefly describes Finland's Internet Archive which was opened by the National Library of Finland on 2 April 2009. It includes information on the Finnish web archive's background, content and collection, use of the archive, its users and usability.
http://www.kansalliskirjasto.fi/extra/bulletin/article4.html
The National Library of Finland Bulletin 2009
Historical First Experience in Archiving the French Web
Abiteboul, Serge; Cobéna, Gregory; Masanès, Julien; Sedrati, Gerald (Date Created: Sep 2002) (France)
This paper describes preliminary work and experiments by the Bibliothèque nationale de France and INRIA in archiving the French web under legal deposit legislation. Defining the perimeter of the French web and versioning issues are also discussed.
ftp://ftp.inria.fr/INRIA/Projects/gemo/gemo/GemoReport-229.pdf
Formal Analysis of Recovery in a Preservational Data Grid
Christensen, Niels H. (Date Created: Jun 2006) (Denmark)
This paper describes the processes of data recovery in the Netarkivet data grid. Netarkivet is the Danish national web archive. The mathematical model includes five recovery operations and scenarios are developed which illustrate the use of these operations.
http://netarchive.dk/publikationer/nhc-kb-dk-msst2006.pdf
Paper presented at the Conference on Mass Storage Systems and Technologies, 15-18 May 2006
Functional Requirements for a Preservation System
Testbed Digitale Bewaring (Date Created: Jan 2005) (Netherlands)
This article discusses the requirements for a preservation system to implement the Digital Preservation Testbed recommendations. It focuses mainly on the preservation planning aspect of the OAIS model. An associated document, Costs of Digital Preservation, examines the costs associated with the digital archive. The preservation of digital records are described within the context of several phases including pre-accession, accession and long term preservation. Specific features of a system to support the Testbed recommendations for preserving email, text document, spreadsheet and databases are also discussed.
http://www.digitaleduurzaamheid.nl/bibliotheek/docs/Technical_and_Func
tional_Requirements.pdf
Further Experiences in Collecting Born Digital Archives at the Wellcome Library
Hilton, Christopher; Thompson, Dave In: Ariadne (Date Created: Oct 2007) (United Kingdom)
This article assesses the progress made by the Wellcome Library in collecting born digital materials and provides an overview of the experiences and challenges.
http://www.ariadne.ac.uk/issue53/hilton-thompson/
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Future Digital Heritage Space : an Expedition Report
DigiCULT Consortium (Date Created: Dec 2004)
Using the analogy of an expedition, this extensive report covers several themes, one of which is persistent and perpetual access to digital heritage. The report outlines what can be expected in the next 10-15 years within the context of ICT systems and applications. The report also gives recommendations which may be useful for ensuring the creation of a successful future digital heritage space. Other themes include large scale and distributed information systems, creat/re-create 3D/VR/AR, intelligent and contextual cultural information (interoperable heritage resources).
http://www.digicult.info/downloads/dc_thematic_issue7.pdf
Also available as html.
Future Proofing Web Sites
Pennock, Maureen In: Ariadne (Date Created: 08 Feb 2006)
This is a report on a two-day workshop on Future-Proofing Web Sites, organised by the Digital Curation Centre (DCC) and the Wellcome Library at the Wellcome Library, London, over 19-20 January 2006. The report covers practical approaches to future proofing web sites, tools and current archiving activities and international activities and legislation.
http://www.ariadne.ac.uk/issue46/dcc-fpw-rpt/
Government Web Content in Canada a National Library Web Archive Perspective
Cantello, Gillian; Stegenga, John (Date Created: 27 May 2008) (Canada)
This paper delivered at the World Library and Information Congress: 74th IFLA General Conference and Council (10-14 August 2008, Québec, Canada) discusses web harvesting of government produced information by Library and Archives Canada and its relationship to legal deposit which was broadened to include online publications in early 2007.
http://archive.ifla.org/IV/ifla74/papers/130-Cantello_Stegenga-en.pdf
Also available in French http://archive.ifla.org/IV/ifla74/papers/130-Cantello_Stegenga-trans-fr.pdf
Historical GPO LOCKSS Pilot Project
United States. Government Printing Office. (Date Created: 20 Jun 2005) (United States of America)
This article describes the United States Government Printing Office 12 month pilot project using LOCKSS (Lots of Copies Keep Stuff Safe) as a means to manage, disseminate, and preserve access to Web-based Federal Government e-journals that are within the scope of the FDLP (Federal Depository Library Program) and the IES (International Exchange Service).
http://web.archive.org/web/20070608001124/http://www.access.gpo.gov/su
_docs/fdlp/lockss/
Site archived by the Internet Archive.
Historical Guide to Institutional Repository Software : 1st edition
Crow, Raym (Date Created: 16 Oct 2003)
This guide aims to help organisations select appropriate software systems when implementing institutional repositories. The five software systems discussed – CERN Document Server Software (CDSware), DSpace, Eprints, Tools and Technologies for Open Repositories (I-TOR) and MyCoRe – are all available via an Open Source Licence, comply with the Open Archives Initiative metadata harvesting protocols and are currently available to the public. Also included is information for further reading on the five systems as well as a Systems Feature and Functionality Table which includes comparative information on persistent document identification and data preservation support.
http://www.soros.org/openaccess/software/OSI_Guide_to_Institutional_Re
pository_Software_v1.htm
Also available in PDF version.
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Historical Guide to Institutional Repository Software : 3rd edition
Crow, Raym (Date Created: Aug 2004)
This guide aims to help organisations select appropriate OAI-MHP compliant, publicly available software systems when implementing institutional repositories. The guide provides summary descriptions of seven software systems - ARNO, CDSware, DSpace, Eprints, Fedora, i-Tor, and MyCoRe, which are all available via an Open Source Licence. Also included are links to further documentation on functionalities and technical specifications for the seven systems.
http://www.soros.org/openaccess/pdf/OSI_Guide_to_IR_Software_v3.pdf
Also available in PDF version
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Guide to Social Science Data Preparation and Archiving
Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research (ICPSR) (Last Updated: 2009)
This is ICPSR's (Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research) guide to the task of preparing data for deposit in a public archive. It is mostly focused on quantitative data generated by statistical software like SPSS or SAS. Third edition 2005. Fourth edition 2009.
http://web.archive.org/web/*/http://www.icpsr.umich.edu/access/dpm.htm
l
Site archived by the Internet Archive.
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Historical Handling File Formats
Clausen, Lars. R. (Date Created: May 2004) (Denmark)
This report describes a part of “Internetbevaringsprojektet” (the Internet preservation project), which is a joint project between Statsbiblioteket (The State Library) and Det Kongelige Bibliotek (The Royal Library) in Denmark. The aim of the project is to archive the Danish part of the Internet. As part of this project, this report specifically deals with strategies in handling file formats to ensure long term preservation and accessibility. Some of the main ways to preserve access to information stored as digital objects are discussed, including capture, sequential conversion to new formats, conversion on demand, emulation and hardware preservation. The report concludes with a suggested strategy for dealing with file formats in an archival system, file preservation workflows and general recommendations for handling file formats.
http://netarchive.dk/publikationer/FileFormats-2004.pdf
Harvester Results in a Digital Preservation System
Steinke, Tobias (Date Created: 29 Sep 2008) (Germany)
This paper given at IPRES 2008 (29 - 30 Sep 2008, British Library Conference Centre), compares existing approaches to use METS and Web harvesting results in archival systems. It describes the advantages and disadvantages of treating Web harvests like other digital publications in dedicated preservation systems. A side by side comparison of containers based on METS and the possibilities for WARC are made.
http://www.bl.uk/ipres2008/presentations_day1/25_Steinke.pdf
Historical Harvesting and Archiving of Electronic Resources in Lithuania : Towards Virtual Library
Jodelis, Remigijus (Date Created: 2003) (Lithuania)
In November 2002 the National Library of Lithuania started the LIBIS Electronic Resources Subsystem, consisting of NEDLIB harvester and supplementary modules in LIBIS (the Lithuanian Integrated Library Information System), designated to create the Archive of Electronic Resources. This paper gives an overview of the project, types of resources archived, harvester problems and future directions.
http://www.inforum.cz/inforum2003/prispevky/Jodelis_Remigijus.pdf
Paper presented at Inforum 2003 : 9th Conference on Professional Information Resources
Harvesting the Danish Internet - the First Two Years
Jacobsen, Grethe (Date Created: 02 May 2007) (Denmark)
This paper describes experiences related to harvesting the Danish Internet in the first two years of the netarchive.dk project.
http://netarchive.dk/publikationer/CollectingTheDanishInternet_2007.pd
f
Harvesting the Web, Preserving Chinese Voices : the Digital Archive for Chinese Studies in Heidelberg
Gross, Jennifer; Wagner, Rudolf G. (Date Created: Nov 2004) (China)
This paper was given at the International Conference on Sinological Resources in the Digital Era, Taipei, December 7-9, 2004. It provides detailed information on the origins, technical infrastructure and format, copyright issues and the collection development focus of DACHS (Digital Archive for Chinese Studies). Future plans and current usability problems are also discussed.
http://www.sino.uni-heidelberg.de/dachs/publications/taipei2004.rtf
Historical Infrastructures for Web Archiving: Annotation of Ephemeral Collections for Researchers and Cultural Heritage Institutions
Dougherty, Meghan; van den Heuvel, Charles (Date Created: Apr 2009)
This paper given at MiT6: (Media in Transition International Conference Stone and Papyrus Storage and Transmission, April 24-26 2009, Cambridge, Mass.) considers the gaps in the requirements of, and development of access tools for the creators and users of web archives. The authors suggest that there is a need for discovery and enrichment tools in addition to retrieval tools to enhance access and usability. Institutions and researchers will need to work together to develop tools and to understand each others ongoing requirements. Annotation as a way of adding value is explored as an historically used method which has potential application to web archives.
http://web.mit.edu/comm-forum/mit6/papers/Dougherty_Heuvel.pdf
Historical How to Preserve Digital Art
Mayfield, Kendra (Date Created: 23 Jul 2002) (United States of America)
A news article providing an overview of the Archiving the Avant Garde project.
http://www.wired.com/culture/lifestyle/news/2002/07/53712
Historical IASSIST 2000 : Data in the Digital Library: social, spatial, and government data services: Electronic Presentation Archive
University of Chicago (Date Created: Jun 2000) (United States of America)
Presentations at the 26th conference of the International Association for Social Science Information Services and Technology (IASSIST) related to managing, preserving and providing access to digital collections in archives and libraries.
http://www.src.uchicago.edu/datalib/ia2000/presentations/presentation.
htm
Identification and Archiving of the Czech Web Outside the National Domain
Vlcek, Ivan (Date Created: Sep 2008) (Czech Republic)
This paper delivered at IWAW '08 (September 18–19, 2008, Aarhus, Denmark) presents work supporting the comprehensive archiving of the Czech Web by the WebArchiv Project through the integration of WebAnalyzer in to the Heritrix Crawler. The paper describes the functionality and testing of WebAnalyzer and harvesting of Czech websites in other countries.
http://iwaw.net/08/IWAW2008-Vlcek.pdf
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Historical Implementing a Reliable Digital Object Archive
Cooper, Brian; Crespo, Arturo; Garcia-Molina, Hector (Date Created: 26 Jun 2000) (United States of America)
This paper describes the implementation of a prototype digital repository, the Stanford Archival Vault (SAV), intended for the long-term preservation of digital objects, their metadata and software applications. It identifies unexpected challenges in indexing and configuration of replication in digital repositories and describes the mechanisms developed to address these challenges. The paper is available in several formats, including text, PostScript and PDF, or may be read online by selecting "Pagewise preview".
http://ilpubs.stanford.edu:8090/715/
Proceedings of the Fourth European Conference on Research and Development in Digital Libraries (ECDL)
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Historical Implementing an Open Jurisdictional Digital Repository - the STORS Project
Lavelle, Jan; Sokvitne, Lloyd In: D-Lib magazine (Date Created: Jun 2004) (Australia)
Operating within the legal deposit provisions of Tasmania, this article describes the State Library of Tasmania’s (Australia) development and implementation of an open jurisdictional digital repository for published electronic materials - the Stable Tasmanian Open Repository Service (STORS). Included in the paper is an overview of the publisher self-contribution model; a description of the content and format scope of STORS; explanations on metadata structure, risk management issues and software developments; as well as future considerations for STORS, including additional preservation data.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1045/june2004-sokvitne
http://www.dlib.org/dlib/june04/sokvitne/06sokvitne.html
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Historical Implementing Preservation Repositories for Digital Materials : Current Practice and Emerging Trends in the Cultural Heritage Community : a Report by the PREMIS Working Group
OCLC/RLG PREMIS Working Group (Date Created: Sep 2004)
PREMIS, an international working group jointly sponsored by OCLC and RLG, reports the findings of a survey focused on current implementations and preservation metadata management practices of digital preservation repositories. The survey was conducted between December 2003 and February 2004 and drew respondents from 48 libraries, archives and other institutions from Europe, the United States, Australia and New Zealand. The survey covered repository services, models and policies, as well as architecture, storage, preservation processes and metadata. The report summarises and analyses the range of responses and notes a number of trends emerging in practice.
http://www.oclc.org/research/projects/pmwg/surveyreport.pdf
Historical Implementing Preservation Strategies for Complex Multimedia Objects
Choudhury, Sharmin; Hunter, Jane (Date Created: Aug 2003)
This article focuses on appropriate preservation strategies for mixed-media digital objects. While the authors provide background information on different digital preservation strategies (such as emulation, migration and preservation metadata), the article is primarily based on case studies using three different examples of new media artworks. For each case study, the authors describe the artwork, highlight problems in preserving the particular objects and determine appropriate preservation strategies. Also included, is a description of the software tools which have been developed as a means of implementing such strategies
http://metadata.net/panic/Papers/ECDL2003_paper.pdf
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Historical Incentives to Preserve Digital Material : Roles, Scenarios and Economic Decision-Making
Lavoie, Brian F. (Date Created: Apr 2003)
"Economic issues are a principal component of the research agenda for digital preservation. Economics is, fundamentally, about incentives, so a study of the economics of digital preservation should begin with an examination of the incentives to preserve. Appropriate incentives are fundamental to the development of economically sustainable digital preservation activities. This white paper identifies the key decision-making roles in the digital preservation process, characterizes a core set of organizational models under which decision-makers might undertake digital preservation, and examines the implications of these models for the incentives to preserve digital materials."
http://www.oclc.org/research/projects/digipres/incentives-dp.pdf
Historical Ingest Guide for University Electronic Records : Draft for Public Comment
Glick, Kevin; Wilczek, Eliot (Date Created: 30 Sep 2005)
The Digital Collections and Archives (DCA), Tufts University and Manuscripts and Archives (MSSA) of Yale University Library released the Ingest Guide for University Electronic Records as a draft for comment. The Guide details a step by step approach to the ingest workflows required to ensure the trustworthiness and authenticity of records when they are transferred to a preservation system. The Guide has two sections. Section A, Negotiate Submission Agreement, which details the terms and conditions of the records transfer. Section B, Transfer and Validation, deals with the transfer, validation and transformation of records. Public input and comments accepted until December 15, 2005. Final version published in 2006.
http://dca.tufts.edu/features/nhprc/reports/3_1_draftpublic2.pdf
Comments can be sent to Kevin Glick, Yale University, kevin.glick@yale.edu or Eliot Wilczek, Tufts University, eliot.wilczek@tufts.edu
Historical Ingest Technologies
ERPANET (Date Created: Sep 2004)
This ERPANET (Electronic Resource Preservation and Access Network) guidance tool is a brief introduction to ingest and its role in the development of a digital repository system. The appendix contains a companion guide and checklist when defining and/or selecting an ingest strategy, presenting a survey of the factors required for consideration.
http://www.erpanet.org/guidance/docs/ERPANETIngestTool.pdf
ERPA guidance note
Historical Institutional Repositories
Roy Tennant (Last Updated: 15 Sep 2002)
An article published in Library Journal discussing the use of web-based capturing systems to create repositories of “grey literature” and preprint materials touching on software, implementations and metadata.
http://www.libraryjournal.com/article/CA242297.html?industryid=47125
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Historical Institutional Repositories in the Context of Digital Preservation
Wheatley, Paul (Date Created: Mar 2004)
This report focuses on the crucial digital preservation issues for institutional repositories, with view on implications on the design and development of repository software. The repository software of various institutions are compared and analysed as well as their different objectives regarding long-term preservation of data and/or collection policy. In addition, the requirements for effective preservation are outlined, including the preservation functions essential in a repository such as persistent identification, object characterisation, and support of object rendering. The report concludes with recommendations that specific requirements for digital repositories should be developed and that independent certification services ought to be established to evaluate how repositories meet these requirements.
http://www.dpconline.org/docs/DPCTWf4word.pdf
DPC Technology Watch Series Report, 04-02
Historical Institutional Repositories: Essential Infrastructure For Scholarship In The Digital Age
Lynch, Clifford A. (Date Created: Feb 2003) (United States of America)
In this article, the author addresses the strategic role of institutional repositories in universities as a means for advancing scholarship and preservation of scholarly works. Citing the Massachusetts Institute of Technology’s (MIT) development of the DSpace institutional repository system as a model for universities for the future, the author also seeks to define institutional repositories; looks at their strategic importance for scholarship and higher education; addresses their relationship with networked information standards and infrastructure such as persistent identifiers, preservable file formats and rights documentation; and provides his views for future developments in this field.
http://www.arl.org/resources/pubs/br/br226/
In ARL Bimonthly Report, no. 226, February 2003, pp. 1-10
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Historical Integrating a Free Digital Resource: The Status of Making of America in Academic Library Collections
Walker, Kizer In: RLG DigiNews (Date Created: 15 Feb 2002) (United States of America)
This article presents the results of a web-based survey on the institutional use and integration of MOA (Making of America) digital materials into collections and compares these results to actual usage as shown by web usage logs. A comparison to JSTOR usage and an interview with MOA project representatives at Cornell University and the University of Michigan regarding interoperability and long-term access are included.
http://worldcat.org/arcviewer/1/OCC/2007/08/08/0000070519/viewer/file2
822.html#feature2
Integration of Non-harvested Web Data into an Existing Web Archive
Andersen, Bjarne (Date Created: Nov 2007) (Denmark)
This paper describes a software prototype for transforming non-harvested web data into ARC-files. It provides an analysis of the problems associated with a test conducted on real data from a Danish web site and use of the Wayback tool to index the data.
http://netarchive.dk/publikationer/IntegrationOfNonHarvestedData.pdf
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Historical Integrity and Authenticity of Digital Cultural Heritage Objects
DigiCult Consortium (Date Created: Aug 2002)
The first of three thematic issue papers from the Preservation and Enhancement of Cultural Heritage Unit of the Information Society Directorate General of the European Commission addresses issues of preservation of the integrity and authenticity of digital objects. Amongst the articles are a discussion of what constitutes authenticity, a paper outlining the level at which authenticity should be addressed, a listing of standards and projects, and an argument for cooperation. The journal is illustrated with case studies from traditional archives as well as sound and vision archives.
http://www.digicult.info/downloads/thematic_issue_1_final.pdf
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Historical Internet Archive : an Interview with Brewster Kahle
Kahle, Brewster In: RLG DigiNews (Date Created: 15 Jun 2002)
Brewster Kahle discusses the organisational infrastructure, policies and processes of the Internet Archive and the Wayback Machine and touches on various aspects of technical, financial and legal issues in digital archiving.
http://worldcat.org/arcviewer/1/OCC/2007/08/08/0000070513/viewer/file9
93.html#interview
Historical Internet Archive Gets DMCA Exemption To Help Archive Vintage Software
Internet Archive (Date Created: 2003) (United States of America)
This web page features links to Brewster Kahle's speech and correspondence in applying for exemptions to the Copyright Act so to allow archiving of software. Although focussed on the U.S. and the DMCA (Digital Millennium Copyright Act) the issues are relevant to other copyright legislations.
http://www.archive.org/about/dmca.php
Introducing the Portuguese Web Archive Initiative
Costa, Miguel; Gomes, Daniel; Miranda, João; Nogueira, André (Date Created: Sep 2008) (Portugal)
This paper delivered at IWAW '08 introduces the Portuguese Web Archive initiative which began in January 2008. It describes the project's infrastructure and characterization of the Portuguese Web.
http://iwaw.net/08/IWAW2008-Gomes.pdf
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Introduction to Heritrix : an Open Source Archival Quality Web Crawler
Avery, Dan; Kimpton, Michele; Mohr, Gordon; Ranitovic, Igor; Stack, Michael (Date Created: 2004)
This article provides an introduction to Heritrix, the open source archival web crawler developed by the Internet Archive. Major components of the crawler are described, its features and limitations are discussed and its performance is evaluated. Future plans, including collaboration with other institutions, are also noted.
http://www.iwaw.net/04/Mohr.pdf
This workshop was held in conjunction with the 8th European Conference on Research and Advanced Technologies for Digital Libraries, September 2004
Introduction to the Dataverse Network as an Infrastructure for Data Sharing
King, Gary (Date Created: Nov 2007) (United States of America)
This article provides an introduction to the Dataverse Network Project which enables data sharing via a standard citation format which enables persistent identification.
http://gking.harvard.edu/files/abs/dvn-abs.shtml
Also available in Sociological Methods and Research, Vol. 32, No. 2 (November, 2007): Pp. 173--199
Historical Invest to Save: Report and Recommendations of the NSF-DELOS Working Group on Digital Archiving and Preservation
Hedstrom, Margaret; Ross, Seamus (Date Created: 2003)
This report identifies research challenges, development opportunities and solutions for problems associated with the preservation of digital information. Consisting of six main areas, the report presents digital preservation challenges; looks at the benefits of long-term preservation; summarises a set of principles and assumptions to guide the research agenda; highlights the work to date within this field; discusses a research agenda, including emerging research; and addresses the need for additional areas of support.
http://eprints.erpanet.org/archive/00000048/01/Digitalarchiving.pdf
Investing in Value : a Perspective on Digital Preservation
Currall, James; McKinney, Peter In: D-Lib magazine (Date Created: Apr 2006)
This article outlines the difficulties in assigning a value to information objects. It describes the espida project (An Effective Strategic model for the Preservation and disposal of Institutional Assets) which is funded by the JISC and based at the University of Glasgow. Espida is working on producing a value model for digital assets so that digital preservation can be seen as an investment decision where the returns can take many different forms.
http://www.dlib.org/dlib/april06/mckinney/04mckinney.html
Investment in an Intangible Asset
Hunter, Laurie In: DCC Digital Curation Manual (Date Created: Jul 2006)
This instalment of the Digital Curation Manual provides strategies in presenting effective arguments for funding bodies on the merits of ditial preservation and digital curation. Risks associated with loss of data are identified and the benefits associated with preserving access to data are also discussed. Models for long-term maintenance and sustainability and collaborative approaches to developing models are detailed.
http://www.dcc.ac.uk/resource/curation-manual/chapters/intangible-asse
t/
Available in pdf or html
Invitational Workshop: Setting up Deposit Systems for Electronic Publications (DSEP) presentations, papers
NEDLIB (Date Created: Dec 2000)
http://nedlib.kb.nl/index.html
Presentations and papers from the workshop are available at the NEDLIB website.
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Historical It's About Time : Research Challenges in Digital Archiving and Long-term Preservation : Report on the NSF Workshop on Research Challenges in Digital Archiving: Towards a National Infrastructure for Long-Term Preservation of Digital Information : Workshop Report -- Draft 2.0 (Pre-Publication Draft)
NSF Workshop on Research Challenges in Digital Archiving Organizing Committee (Date Created: 12 Aug 2002) (United States of America)
This report identifies the new research opportunities and challenges in the long term preservation of digital information. Within the Computing and IT sector, technological issues such as storage capabilities, metadata and interoperability are discussed as new areas for research. Non technological areas requiring attention include funding inadequacies, economic and business models for sustainable preservation programs, policies and incentives for long term preservation and social, economic and legal impediments to preservation.
http://www.si.umich.edu/digarch/Report.DFt.2.doc
JORUM Preservation Watch Report
Stevenson, Jane (Date Created: Jul 2005) (United Kingdom)
JORUM is a free online repository service for teaching and support staff in UK Further and Higher Education Institutions. This extensive report (73 p.) summarises current activities, standards and recommendations relating to digital preservation, with the aim of implementing a long term preservation strategy for learning objects within the JORUM learning object repository. The report includes a discussion of international preservation initiatives, centralised and decentralised preservation models, preservation policy, preservation metadata and case studies.
http://www.jorum.ac.uk/docs/pdf/Digital_Preservation_Report.pdf
JSTOR/Harvard Object Validation Environment (JHOVE)
Donnelly, Martin (Date Created: Mar 2006)
JHOVE is an open source framework for the identification, validation and characterisation of various file formats, including html. xml, gif, tiff, jpeg2000, and wave. The article looks at how formats are identified, validated and characterisated as well as system development, standards and legal factors. Also included are sample records.
http://www.dcc.ac.uk/resource/case-studies/jhove/jhove.pdf
DCC Case Studies and Interviews, ISSN 1749-8767
Just in Time Recovery of Web Pages
Harrison, Terry L.; Nelson, Michael L. (Date Created: Sep 2006)
This paper was presented at the HYPERTEXT 2006 conference held at Odense, Denmark on 23-25 August 2006. This paper describes Opal, a framework for locating missing (404) web pages using web archives, search engines, and other research projects. The paper covers the architecture of the Opal framework, the implementation of the framework, and a quantitative analysis of the framework that indicates the strong potential of Opal as an effective way to locate missing web pages.
http://www.cs.odu.edu/~mln/pubs/ht06/ht10-harrison.pdf
KB e-Depot Digital Archiving Policy
Oltmans, Erik; van Wijngaarden, Hilde (Date Created: 2006) (Netherlands)
This paper discusses the Koninklijke Bibliotheek's policy and ambitions for digital archiving of electronic publications. It provides an overview of the KB's e-depot repository and the requirement and potential for collaboration.
http://www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/07378830610715464
Also available in PDF and from Library Hi Tech ISSN 0737-8831 ; Volume: 24 Issue: 4; 2006 pp. 604-613
KB e-Depot: Building and Managing a Safe Place for e-Journals
Ras, Marcel (Date Created: Mar 2009) (Netherlands)
This article in Liber Quarterly describes the policies underpinning the Koninklijke Bibliotheek's e-Depot. It provides an overview of the digital archive's operations, organisational management and experiences over the last six years.
http://liber.library.uu.nl/publish/articles/000276/article.pdf
Liber Quarterly, ISSN 1435-2005, Vol 19 (2009) no. 1
Historical Keepers of the Crumbling Culture : What Digital Preservation Can Learn From Library History
Friedlander, Amy; Marcum, Deanna In: D-Lib magazine (Date Created: May 2003)
This article uses the preservation issues of the past to illustrate contemporary preservation issues. The authors contend that some lessons learnt in managing print preservation are also generally applicable in managing digital preservation. The article also raises other consequences of new preservation technologies such as content ownership and responsibility for preservation.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1045/may2003-friedlander
http://www.dlib.org/dlib/may03/friedlander/05friedlander.html
Keeping Electronic Records Accessible : How the Federal Archives of Germany Preserves the Digital Heritage of the German Democratic Republic : a Case Study
Hanger, Andrea (Date Created: May 2006) (Germany)
The author introduces this case study by generally discussing the issues for the Federal Archives of Germany in the acquisition, preservation, accessibility, authenticity and reliability of electronic records. The case study which considers factors affecting the preservation of 200 data sets created in the German Democratic Republic between 1970 and 1990 and now stored in the Federal Archives of Germany digital repository. It is used to illustrate the importance of archivists being involved early in the record life cycle to encourage data producers to supply complete and accurate documentation and comprehensive audit trails. The author also concludes that METS may be a good way to preserve records over the long term.
http://archiwa.gov.pl/images/stories/file/7th-ecaa/A_Hanger_Keeping_El
ectronic_Records.pdf
Paper presented at the 7th European Conference on Archives, Warsaw, 18-20 May, 2006
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Historical Keeping Online Information Accessible for E-Governance and E-Democracy
Cunningham, Adrian; Phillips, Margaret E. (Date Created: Feb 2004) (Australia)
This article focuses on the need for government agencies and other institutions to ensure that electronic publications and organisational records are collected, managed and preserved as a means of ensuring long-term access for the benefit of e-governance and e-democracy. The article provides definitions of online publications and online records; explores the role of libraries and archives in e-government, including initiatives undertaken at the National Library of Australia and National Archives of Australia; addresses factors that contribute to the vulnerability of online information; and concludes with a list of factors that inhibit the long-term availability of online information for e-governance and e-democracy.
http://www.nla.gov.au/nla/staffpaper/2004/phillips1.html
This paper was prepared for the Australian Electronic Governance Conference. Centre for Public Policy, University of Melbourne, Victoria, April 14-15, 2004.
Historical Kulturarw3 Project - The Royal Swedish Web Archiw3e - An example of "complete" collection of web pages
Arvidson, Allan; Mannerheim, Johan; Persson, Krister (Date Created: Aug 2000) (Sweden)
This paper describes the Royal Library of Sweden's project Kulturarw3 to test methods of collecting, preserving and providing access to Swedish electronic online documents.
http://archive.ifla.org/IV/ifla66/papers/154-157e.htm
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Language Engineering Techniques for Web Archiving
Coch, Jose; Masanès, Julien (Date Created: 2004) (France)
This article describes the WATSON project and the use of language engineering techniques for facilitating both web archiving and archive mining by researchers. These techniques include pre-filtering of less important sites, categorisation of sites and characterisation of sites via a WATSON working station, which shows key words, key sentences and metadata information.
http://www.iwaw.net/04/Coch.pdf
This workshop was held in conjunction with the 8th European Conference on Research and Advanced Technologies for Digital Libraries, September 2004
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Large Scale Archival Storage of Digital Objects
Linden, Jim; Martin, Sean; Masters, Richard; Parker, Roderic (Date Created: Feb 2005) (United Kingdom)
This report on mass archival storage was based on the practical experience in developing the Digital Object Management system in the British Library. The authors are part of the British Library's Digital Object Management (DOM) Programme. The report includes an overview of general issues related to building a large secure data storage system, including storage management, emerging technologies and software. Although based on the British Library's experience, many of the issues discussed are applicable to any institution planning or engaged in secure long-term storage of large volumes of digital materials.
http://www.dpconline.org/docs/dpctw04-03.pdf
DPC Technology Watch series report 04-03
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Historical Last Page of the Internet : the Importance of Preserving the Dynamic Aspects of the Internet
Brugger, Niels (Date Created: Jun 2001)
This paper, presented at the Preserving the Present for the Future : Strategies for the Internet conference, discusses the complications involved in the preservation of the dynamic features of the internet, as identified by media scholar Niels Brugger.
http://www.deflink.dk/upload/doc_filer/doc_alle/1023_NBR.doc
Lazy Preservation : Reconstructing Websites by Crawling the Crawlers
Bollen, Johan; McCown, Frank; Nelson, Michael L. ; Smith, Joan A. (Date Created: Sep 2006) (United States of America)
This paper was presented at the Workshop on Web Information and Data Management (WIDM 2006) in November 2006. The paper describes the results of two experiments, the caching behavior of search engines and reconstructing websites using the Warrick web-repository crawler, which was developed at Old Dominion University. The authors stress that this approach should not be a substitute for a digital preservation infrastruture and policy but could be used as a last resort approach.
http://www.cs.odu.edu/~fmccown/pubs/lazyp-widm06.pdf
Lecture Meeting and Discussion "Present and Future Prospects of Web Archiving - For International Partnerships"
National Diet Library (Japan) (Date Created: Apr 2008) (Japan)
This article reports on a meeting held at the National Diet Library in Japan on 23 January 2008. Speakers included Julien Masanes (European Archive), Kris Carpenter (Internet Archive), Dr Masaru Kitsuregawa (Univ. of Tokyo). A link is provided to slides from the lecture.
http://www.ndl.go.jp/en/publication/ndl_newsletter/160/602.html
National Diet Library Newsletter April 2008, no. 160.
Legal Aspects of Web Archiving from a Dutch Perspective : Report Commissioned by the National Library in the Hague
Buenen, Annemarie; Schiphof, Tjeerd (Date Created: 04 Oct 2006) (Netherlands)
This report commissioned by the Koninklijke Bibliotheek provides an overview of intellectual property rights in relation to web archiving in the Netherlands.
http://www.kb.nl/hrd/dd/dd_projecten/webarchivering/documenten/KB_Lega
l_Aspects_WebArchiving_EN.pdf
Legal Deposit and Collection Development in a Digital World
Joint, Nicholas (Date Created: 2006) (United Kingdom)
This editorial article compares and contrasts management of national collections of hard copy and digital deposit materials. The author argues that while print collections are comparatively comprehensive, selective collecting of digital material requires intelligent selection to be meaningful .
http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00242530610689310
http://www.emeraldinsight.com/Insight/viewContentItem.do?contentType=A
rticle&contentId=1571426
Available in HTML and PDF. Published in Library Review 2006 Vol 55 no 8 pp.468-473
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Historical Legal Deposit from the Internet in Denmark : Experiences with the Law from 1997 and the Need for Adjustments
Henriksen, Birgit (Date Created: Jun 2001) (Denmark)
This paper, presented at the Preserving the Present for the Future : Strategies for the Internet conference, reviews the 1997 amendments to Danish legal deposit legislation to include static internet publications. The author examines the limitations of the updated statute for the collection of dynamic web resources, and argues for the further extension of the law to allow for harvesting of a broader representation of the Danish web.
http://www.deflink.dk/upload/doc_filer/doc_alle/1023_BNH.doc
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Historical Legal Deposit In Denmark : The New Law and Electronic Products
Dupont, Henrik, Det Kongelige Bibliothek (Date Created: 1999) (Denmark)
This article, originally published in LIBER Quarterly, details the provisions of the Act on Copyright Deposit of Published Works, which came into effect in Denmark on 1 January 1998. The amendments change the emphasis of the legislation from printed to published works, regardless of the medium in which they are produced. Importantly, the law extends to physical format digital materials, and to those published Internet materials which are issued in a static and final form.
http://liber-maps.kb.nl/articles/dupont11.htm
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Historical Legal Deposit of Digital Materials
Oltmans, Erik (Date Created: Jun 2003) (Netherlands)
This is the text of a paper delivered at the LIBER conference in Rome, June 2003. Using the Digital Information Archiving System (DIAS) developed jointly with IBM, the Koninklijke Bibliotheek (KB) implemented electronic deposit (the 'e-Depot') in 2002. This paper explains the fully operational e-Depot at the KB with a focus on the data flow of processing deposited digital publications and the management of long-term preservation aspects of the stored digital objects.
http://www.kb.nl/hrd/dd/dd_links_en_publicaties/publicaties/LIBER-Oltm
ans-input.doc
Legal Deposit of the French Web: Harvesting Strategies for a National Domain
Lasfargues, France; Oury, Clément; Wendland, Bert (Date Created: Sep 2008) (France)
This paper delivered at IWAW '08 (September 18–19, 2008, Aarhus, Denmark) describes the Bibliothèque nationale de France (BnF) web harvesting activities in the context of the French Copyright Law August 1 2006, which extended legal deposit to the Internet. It compares the .fr domain harvests conducted over the last four years and discusses collaboration with the Internet Archive.
http://iwaw.net/08/IWAW2008-Lasfargues.pdf
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Historical Legal Issues Relating to the Archiving of Internet Resources in the UK, EU, USA and Australia : a Study Undertaken for the JISC and Wellcome Trust
Charlesworth, Andrew (Date Created: 25 Feb 2003)
Key legal issues such as copyright, data protection and defamation are discussed with emphasis on their application to the United Kingdom legal framework. The article also examines other approaches to web archiving, including several EU countries, the US and Australia. EU experience suggests that establishing legal deposit is highly desirable, US experience reveals that pragmatic approach is successful, but potentially full of legal controversies and Australian licensing approach although limited in its ability to deal with general harvesting of the web provides an acceptable degree of legal risk and allows selective archiving of both ‘shallow’ and ‘deep’ web resources. Also included is a series of recommendations for the JISC and Wellcome Trust regarding the archiving of UK materials.
http://www.jisc.ac.uk/uploaded_documents/archiving_legal.pdf
Historical Levels of Service for Digital Repositories
LeFurgy, William G In: D-Lib magazine (Date Created: May 2002)
In this article, William LeFurgy of the US National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) outlines conditions governing persistence of digital objects, such as system architecture and material specification, and suggests a model for future levels of service for digital repositories, considering three levels of tools and processes and three levels of persistence of materials.
http://www.dlib.org/dlib/may02/lefurgy/05lefurgy.html
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Historical LOCKSS : a Permanent Web Publishing and Access System
Reich, Vicky In: D-Lib magazine (Date Created: Jun 2001)
A paper describing the implementation of the LOCKSS (Lots of Copies Keep Stuff Safe) tool to facilitate continued access and preservation of web-published scientific journals. LOCKSS utilizes web caches to collect content as published across a peer-to-peer network and uses detect and repair facilities to monitor damage.
http://www.dlib.org/dlib/june01/reich/06reich.html
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Historical Long Term Archiving of Digital Documents in Physics - Conference report
Smith, Arthur P. (Date Created: Nov 2001)
This report of the IUPAP (International Union of Pure and Applied Physics) conference (November 5-6, 2001 Lyon Villeurbanne) summarizes the discussion about what a digital archive consists of, and lists the conference recommendations.
http://publish.aps.org/IUPAP/ltaddp_report.html
Long Term Fate of Our Digital Belongings : Toward a Service Model for Personal Archives
Bly, Sara; Brun-Cottan, Francoise; Marshall, Catherine C. (Date Created: May 2006)
This paper provides useful background information on how home computer users are creating, receiving and archiving their data. Based on the results of a survey, the study highlights the obstacles faced in PIM such as inconsistent and piecemeal approaches to the problem and lack of technical support. There is also the notion among home computer users that digital data is long lived so minimal intervention is required. The conclusion is that unless a systematic approach to digital archiving is developed by personal computer users, personal digital data is in danger of being irrevocably lost. The information gathered will be used by the authors towards their goal of designing a Personal Information Management (PIM) system.
http://www.csdl.tamu.edu/~marshall/archiving2006-marshall.pdf
Proceedings of IS&T Archiving 2006. (Ottawa, Canada, May 23-26, 2006), Society for Imaging Science and Technology, Springfield, VA, 2006.
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Historical Long Term Spatial Data Preservation and Archiving : What are the Issues?
Bleakly, Denise R. (Date Created: Jan 2002) (United States of America)
This report discusses the activities of several United States government agencies relating to data management and preservation of geospatial data. It includes a general overview of the various digital preservation strategies and describes how geospatial data is unique and what makes it more difficult to archive compared to other types of data.
http://www.prod.sandia.gov/cgi-bin/techlib/access-control.pl/2002/0201
07.pdf
SAND Report 2002-0107
Historical Long-term archiving of digital documents : what efforts are being made in Germany?
Connertz, Thomas (Date Created: Jul 2003) (Germany)
This article provides an overview on the state of digital archiving and legal deposit in Germany. As this article is written from the perspective of a publisher, Thieme Publishing, it offers a different view on the technical, legal and practical difficulties in extending these existing arrangements to digital materials.
http://ninetta.ingentaselect.com/vl=3224230/cl=15/nw=1/rpsv/cgi-bin/li
nker?ini=alpsp&reqidx=/cw/alpsp/09531513/v16n3/s9/p207
in Learned Publishing, Vol. 16, no. 3 (July 2003). pp. 207-211.
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Historical Long-Term Preservation of Digital Material - Building an Archive to Preserve Digital Cultural Heritage from the Internet
Aschenbrenner, Andreas (Date Created: Dec 2001) (Austria)
Submitted as a Diploma thesis, this report presents a detailed case study of the Austrian On-Line Archive and a prototype for automatic retrieval of interactive online documents. A review of long-term digital archiving initiatives, issues and proposed strategies in digital preservation are also included.
http://www.ifs.tuwien.ac.at/~aola/publications/thesis-ando/
Also available in PDF or gnu-zipped PostScript ( http://www.ifs.tuwien.ac.at/~aola/publications.html ).
Historical Long-Term Preservation of Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Liegmann, Hans (Date Created: May 2003) (Germany)
This paper describes Die Deutsche Bibliotek's voluntary deposit system for ETDs (electronic theses and dissertations) using NEDLIB's process model and incorporating the Reference Model for an Open Archival Information System (OAIS). Issues discussed include preservation metadata, submission and transfer processes for ETDs and trusted digital repositories.
http://edoc.hu-berlin.de/etd2003/liegmann-hans/HTML/index.html
Historical Long-Term Preservation of ETDs in Algeria : Discussion Through CERIST Deposit System
Bakelli, Yahia; Benrahmoun, Sabrina (Date Created: May 2003) (Algeria)
In Algeria, an electonic copy of every Masters and PhD thesis must be deposited at CERIST (Research Centre on Science and Technical Information) as a condition of obtaining the qualification. This paper examines the issues of preservation and accessibility of these resources. The issues are examined within both an Algerian and international context.
http://edoc.hu-berlin.de/etd2003/bakelli-yahia/HTML/index.html
Safekept
Historical Longitudinal Study of Web Pages Continued : a Consideration of Document Persistence
Koehler, Wallace (Date Created: Jan 2004)
This paper reports on a longitudinal study extending from 1996 to 2003. The study monitored the same set of URLs in order to ascertain the degree of persistence and to identify what types of web documents are more likely to persist. The report includes a literature review and research methodology. Findings of the report support the idea that web documents are not a stable media for the publication of long-term information without intervention and management.
http://informationr.net/ir/9-2/paper174.html
in Information Research, Vol. 9, no. 2, (January 2004), ISSN 1368-1613
Lossless Video Compression for Archives: Motion JPEG2k and Other Options
Davila, R. Justin; Gilmore, Ian (Date Created: Jan 2006)
This article compares various lossless video schemes including JPEG, MPEG and MPEG 4 as well as some lesser known systems. They are discussed against the requirements that an archival file being both lossless to preserve content and also compressed to conserve storage capacity.
http://www.media-matters.net/docs/WhitePapers/WPMJ2k.pdf
L’archivage d’Internet, un défi pour les décideurs et les bibliothécaires : scénarios d’organisation et d’évaluation L’expérience du consortium IIPC et de la BnF
Illien, Gildas (Date Created: 10 Jul 2008) (France)
This paper delivered at World Library and Information Congress: 74th IFLA General Conference and Council (10-14 August 2008, Québec, Canada) outlines the challenge of introducing web archiving to library stakeholders and staff at the National Library of France (BnF). It also discusses metrics and organisation and BnF's experience with the IIPC (International Internet Preservation Consortium).
http://archive.ifla.org/IV/ifla74/papers/107-Illien-fr.pdf
Maintaining Personal Information : Issues Associated with Long-term Storage, Preservation and Access
Marshall, Catherine C. (Date Created: 2006)
This is a chapter in a forthcoming monograph Personal Information Management: Challenges and Opportunities. The author discusses the importance of the long term storage of personal digital information from the perspective of seven issues and then outlines some technological developments that may go some way to address these issues. The issues include predicting value, distributed storage, long term access and format obsolescence and incompatibility.
http://www.csdl.tamu.edu/~marshall/PIM%20Chapter-Marshall.pdf
Personal Information Management: Challenges and Opportunities (Jones and Teevan, eds.), University of Washington Press, Seattle, Washington, 2006.
Making Certification Real : Developing Methodology for Evaluating Repository Trustworthiness
Dale, Robin L. In: RLG DigiNews (Date Created: Oct 2005) (United States of America)
This article discusses the audit and certification tools and processes being developed by the RLG-National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) Digital Repository Certification Task Force, which has released the Audit Checklist for Certifying Digital Repositories; and the Center for Research Libraries (CRL) Audit and Certification of Digital Archives project.
http://worldcat.org/arcviewer/1/OCC/2007/08/08/0000070511/viewer/file3
025.html#article2
Safekept
Managing and Archiving Records in the Digital Age : the Same Discipline or a Difficult Partnership of Two Different Professions?
25 - 26 Oct 2004 , Bern
ERPANET (Electronic Resource Preservation and Access Network)
(Date Created: 2004)
This provides a desciption, list of participants and expected outcomes of an invitational workshop held in Bern in October 2004. There are also links to public lectures including 'New Organisational Structures Responding to New Challenges: The Digital Curation Centre in the UK' by Seamus Ross and 'Electronic Records Archives Program' by Ken Thibodeau.
http://www.erpanet.org/events/2004/bern/
Historical Mapping Functionality of Off-line Archiving and Provision Systems to OAIS
Berkemeyer, Jorg; Die Deutsche Bibliothek In: NEDLIB : Networked European Deposit Library (Date Created: Jan 1999)
This paper discusses the preservation of physical format digital material by national libraries and then considers it in the context of the "OAIS" model as specified in the document 'Reference Model for an Open Archival Information System (OAIS) (version 4.0)' by the Consultative Committee on Space Data Systems. It concludes that the OAIS model is indeed relevant to the preservation of physical format digital material.
http://nedlib.kb.nl/meetings/frankfurt/GEN-232.doc
New Memento: Time Travel for the Web
Ainsworth, Scott; Balakireva, Lyudmila L.; Nelson, Michael L.; Sanderson, Robert; Shankar, Harihar; Van de Sompel, Herbert (Date Created: Nov 2009) (United States of America)
This draft of a paper to be presented at WWW 2010 provides an overview of the protocol-based Memento solution for providing temporal access to archival Web content. It describes a proof-of-concept experiment in temporal content negotiation using the archival content of Wikipedia and the Internet Archive and the URI of the original.
http://arxiv.org/abs/0911.1112
ArXiv.org has versions of the paper.
Safekept
Historical Metadata Approach to Preservation of Digital Resources: The University of North Texas Libraries' Experience
Cathy Nelson Hartman; Daniel Gelaw Alemneh; Samantha Kelly Hastings (Date Created: Aug 2002) (United States of America)
(Publisher abstract:) "Preserving long-term access to digital information resources is one of the key challenges facing libraries and information centers today. The University of North Texas (UNT) Libraries has entered into partnership agreements with federal and state agencies to ensure permanent storage and public access to a variety of government information sources. As digital resource preservation encompasses a wide variety of interrelated activities, the UNT Libraries are taking a phased approach to ensure the long-term access to its digital resources. Formulation of preservation policy and creation of preservation metadata for electronic files and digital collections are among the most important steps. This paper discusses the issues related to digital resources preservation and demonstrates the role of preservation metadata in facilitating the preservation activities in general. In particular, it describes the efforts being made by the UNT libraries to ensure the long-term access and preservation of various digital information resources."
http://firstmonday.org/htbin/cgiwrap/bin/ojs/index.php/fm/article/view
/981/902
Metrics and Strategies for Web Heritage Management and Preservation
Bermes, Emmanuelle; Illien, Gildas (Date Created: 24 Aug 2009)
This paper presented at the World Library and Information Congress: 75th IFLA General Conference and Assembly (23-27 August 2009, Milan, Italy) reviews the challenges of web archive measurement. It considers metric scenarios for web archives including collection development, processing and management and the core metrics for technical monitoring and cost analysis at all levels of the workflow.
http://www.ifla.org/files/hq/papers/ifla75/92-bermes-en.pdf
Mind the Gap : Assessing Digital Preservation Needs in the UK
Sharpe, Robert; Waller, Martin (Date Created: Feb 2006) (United Kingdom)
This extensive report uses information gathered from surveys and interviews as well as existing sources of information to reveal a digital preservation 'state of the nation' . The survey covered many types of institutions including government, financial, scientific as well as archives and libraries. The report identifies the current state of practice, UK digital preservation needs and recommendations.
http://www.dpconline.org/docs/reports/uknamindthegap.pdf
Mind the Gap : Digital Preservation Needs in the UK
Jones, Maggie; Semple, Najla In: Ariadne (Date Created: Jul 2006) (United Kingdom)
This article describes the background and outcomes of the UK Needs Assessment undertaken by the Digital Preservation Coalition (DPC) and the resulting Mind the Gap report.
http://www.ariadne.ac.uk/issue48/semple-jones/
Safekept
Historical Minimum Criteria for an Archival Repository of Digital Scholarly Journals (version 1.2, May 2000)
Digital Library Federation (Last Updated: 26 Jun 2001)
This document sets out 7 minimum criteria for a digital archival repository that acts to preserve digital scholarly publications. Closely based on the Open Archival Information System Reference Model, with modification to reflect the needs of libraries, publishers and academics, it includes key research issues associated with data deposit, preservation and access.
http://www.diglib.org/preserve/criteria.htm
mod_oai : An Apache Module for Metadata Harvesting
Harrison, Terry L.; Liu, Xiaoming; McFarland, Nathan; Nelson, Michael L.; Van de Sompel, Herbert (Date Created: 2005) (United States of America)
This article discusses mod_oai, an Apache 2.0 module that optimizes web content harvesting by building Open Archives Initiative Protocol for Metadata Harvesting (OAI-PMH) capability into the Apache server. The article includes a comparison between web crawling and OAI-MPH harvesting and presents the results of experimentation using the authors' university web site as a testbed.
http://arxiv.org/ftp/cs/papers/0503/0503069.pdf
Modelling Information Persistence on the Web
Gomes, D.; Silva, Mario J. (Date Created: 2006) (Portugal)
This paper will be presented at the Sixth International Conference on Web Engineering in July 2006. Over a three year period the researchers measured URL and content persistence using Tomba, the Portuguese web archive. The paper discusses what characterises the persistent URLs and gives reasons for lack of persistence.
http://xldb.fc.ul.pt/daniel/docs/papers/gomes06urlPersistence.pdf
Historical Moral Perspective on South-North Web Archiving
Britz, Johannes J.; Lor, Peter (Date Created: Dec 2004)
This paper examines moral issues of web archiving. Financial and technological constraints make it difficult for organisations such as national libraries or governments in developing countries to undertake archiving, and the transient nature of the web means that these resources will be lost. The authors argue that developed countries have a moral obligation to undertake archiving on behalf of developing countries so that the principles of social justice such as equal access to information and freedom of communication can be achieved. Legal issues arising from web archiving, such as ownership and republishing, are briefly discussed.
http://jis.sagepub.com/cgi/content/abstract/30/6/540
Journal of Information Science, Vol. 30, no. 6 (December 2004), pp. 540-549. Available online by subscription from Sage Journals online and in hardcopy
Safekept
Historical Moving Frontier : Archiving, Preservation and Tomorrow's Digital Heritage
Berthon, Hilary; Webb, Colin (Date Created: Feb 2000) (Australia)
This paper reviews international progress in digital archiving and preservation over the past one to two years. There have been developments in international collaboration, many archiving models are being tested, active work on a range of facilitating issues, and an ongoing debate over the most appropriate preservation strategies. A growing trend noted is the ongoing commitment of sharing information, for example, the redevelopment of the PADI website.
http://www.nla.gov.au/nla/staffpaper/hberthon2.html
PDFalso available from http://www.vala.org.au/vala2000/2000pdf/Ber_Web.PDF
Historical Museums Seek Methods for Preserving Digital Art
Carlson, Scott (Date Created: 28 May 2002)
A short news article of an interview with Mark Tribe about the Archiving the Avant Garde project, that seeks to establish a set of guidelines for preservation of digital works of art.
http://web.archive.org/web/20021019023416/chronicle.com/free/2002/05/2
002052802t.htm
Safekept
Historical National Archives Green Paper : An Approach to the Preservation of Digital Records
Davis, Simon; Heslop, Helen; Wilson, Andrew (Date Created: Dec 2002) (Australia)
This paper discusses the National Archives approach to digital preservation, specifically in relation to the Agency to Researcher Digital Preservation Project. Areas covered include the fundamental nature of digital records, problems of digital preservation, approaches to preservation such as migration and emulation and XML as an archival data format.
http://www.naa.gov.au/Images/An-approach-Green-Paper_tcm2-888.pdf
Available as PDF from this URL
Safekept
Historical National Co-ordinating Body for Digital Archiving?
Haynes, David; Streatfield, David In: Ariadne (Date Created: May 1998) (United Kingdom)
This article is based on the recommendations of the 1997 'Responsibility for Long Term Preservation and Access to Digital Documents' report to the Digital Archiving Group. The study sought to identify responsibility for the long-term preservation of digital information within the United Kingdom, based on consultation with various groups in the electronic information sector. The need for a coherent and coordinated national strategy for ensuring long-term access to digital materials features amongst the recommendations.
http://www.ariadne.ac.uk/issue15/digital/
Safekept
Historical National Digital Preservation Initiatives: An Overview of Developments in Australia, France, the Netherlands, and the United Kingdom and of Related International Activity
Beagrie, Neil (Date Created: Apr 2003)
This report, copublished by CLIR and the Library of Congress, examines national and international preservation initiatives in Australia, France, Netherlands and the United Kingdom. Although the report focuses on libraries, other organisations are also examined. The information was gathered over January and February 2002 by interviews, questionnaires and research. The report identifies underlying trends influencing preservation worldwide and includes several recommendations from national libraries to the NDIIPP.
ISBN: 1932326006
http://www.clir.org/pubs/abstract/pub116abst.html
Available online as full text or .pdf, or for purchase in print
Safekept
Historical National Library of Australia Initiatives Using the Open Archives Initiative Protocol For Metadata Harvesting
Boston, Tony (Date Created: Oct 2003) (Australia)
This paper, given at the International Seminar on the Use of Standards in the Development of Online Access Systems for Archives in Canberra in October 2003, describes the use of the Open Archives Initiative (OAI) protocol for metadata harvesting at the National Library of Australia (NLA). It looks at the advantages of using the protocol on such NLA services as PictureAustralia, the National Bibliographic Database and the Library’s digital collections, and also provides a brief description of OAI software.
http://www.nla.gov.au/nla/staffpaper/2003/boston1.html
Safekept
Historical National Library of Australia: Ensuring Long-Term Access to Online Publications
Phillips, Margaret In: JEP - The Journal of Electronic Publishing (Date Created: Jun 1999) (Australia)
This article gives an overview of archiving networked digital material in the PANDORA project and covers topics such as collection, selection, metadata, access, costs, permanent naming, technological obsolescence and preservation.
http://hdl.handle.net/2027/spo.3336451.0004.405
Historical National Library of New Zealand - Digital Library Development Review
Ross, Seamus (Date Created: 01 Jul 2003) (New Zealand)
The National Library of New Zealand Act 2003 requires the Library to “collect, preserve and make available New Zealand’s electronic documents”. This report, produced in response to the Act, seeks to identify and recommend areas of digital library development, so that the Library can satisfactorily fulfil its statutory responsibilities. Included in the report are areas addressing the need for the establishment of a digital repository for the long-term preservation of materials, and recommendations for the Library to use its role in supporting other libraries in the areas of digital preservation.
http://www.natlib.govt.nz/files/ross_report.pdf
Safekept
Historical National Library of the Netherlands and Elsevier Science Make Digital Preservation History: Permanent Digital Archive Assures Perpetual Accessibility of Scientific Heritage
Koninklijke Bibliotheek (KB) (Date Created: 20 Aug 2002) (Netherlands)
A press release announcing the agreement between the Koninklijke Bibliotheek (KB) and Elsevier Science. The KB is to be the first official digital archive for Elsevier Science journals and will receive digital copies of approximately 1,500 journals covering all areas of science, technology and medicine for deposit into the KB's E-Deposit system. The agreement allows the KB to provide access to the archived journals within the Library, with extension to remote access should Elsevier or its successor ever cease providing the journals online.
http://www.kb.nl/hrd/dd/dd_links_en_publicaties/publicaties/eskb-press
release7_20aug02_def.pdf
The press release is available in Dutch at http://www.kb.nl/kb/resources/frameset_kb.html?/kb/pr/pers/pers2002/elsevier.html
NDL Digital Archive Portal "PORTA" Started Full Scale Operation
National Diet Library (Japan) (Date Created: Dec 2007) (Japan)
This article describes PORTA the National Diet Library Digital Archive Portal which provides access to 20 types of digital Archives (as of Oct 2007) to cooperating Institutions and the National Diet Library (NDL) digital archives.
http://www.ndl.go.jp/en/publication/ndl_newsletter/158/581.html
National Diet Library Newsletter No 158, December 2007
Historical NDLTD and Issues of Long Term Preservation and Archiving : It's About Time
McMillan, Gail (Date Created: May 2003)
This paper, presented at the ETD 2003 conference, discusses the NDLTD (Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations) and outlines the reasons why the organisation should pursue an active preservation program and develop an infrastructure to support this.
http://edoc.hu-berlin.de/etd2003/mcmillan-gail/PDF/index.pdf
Proceedings of the Sixth International Symposium on Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2003, May, 20-24, (ETD2003)
Safekept
Historical nestor : Network of Expertise in Long-term STOrage of Digital Resources - a Digital Preservation Initiative for Germany
Dobratz, Susanne; Neuroth, Heike In: D-Lib magazine (Date Created: Apr 2004) (Germany)
Known as nestor, the German Network of Expertise in Long-term STOrage of Digital Resources is a cooperative digital preservation venture formed in 2003 between 6 participating institutions in Germany. Led by the Deutsche Bibliothek, the network is in the initial phase of a 3-year funded project which will see it operate on a permanent distributed infrastructure model comparable to the UK’s Digital Preservation Coalition. This article outlines the background to, and aims of the initiative. Expert reports are under preparation by project partners on areas such as the long-term preservation of multimedia objects, national preservation policy, archiving of research data, and the preservation of digitised material in German museums.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1045/april2004-dobratz
http://www.dlib.org/dlib/april04/dobratz/04dobratz.html
New Approaches to Television Archiving
Ubois, Jeff In: First Monday (Date Created: Mar 2005)
The current approach to broadcast archiving is fragmented due to differing standards, legal considerations and costs. This has resulted in only a small percentage of output bring preserved. The development of digital broadcasting has also introduced new archiving issues. This article discusses the types of institutions involved in television archiving, some technical and legal issues and suggestions for collaboration in order to achieve a more comprehensive approach to archiving this medium.
http://firstmonday.org/htbin/cgiwrap/bin/ojs/index.php/fm/article/view
/1210
Safekept
New Data Storage and Service Model of China Web InfoMall
Chen, Chong; Huang, Lianen; Xie, Zhengmao; Yan, Hongfei (Date Created: 2004) (China)
This paper describes the Chinese web archiving project, InfoMall, which began in 2001. The paper concentrates on three main aspects of implementation strategies, how the materials are taken from the web, storage strategies and availability of the pages to the public. Detailed descriptions of the service model and the Tianwang archival storage format for web pages are also available.
http://www.iwaw.net/04/Hongfei.pdf
This workshop was held in conjunction with the 8th European Conference on Research and Advanced Technologies for Digital Libraries, September 2004
Historical New Legal Deposit Law Saves Non Print Materials and Electronic Publications for Future Generations
Finlayson, Catriona (Date Created: Feb 2004) (United Kingdom)
This news release from the British Library describes the implementation of the Legal Deposit Libraries Act 2003 (UK). The ground-breaking law extends current legal deposit legislation by requiring publishers to deposit electronic and other non-print materials (CD-Roms, websites, microform) to the British Library and other legal deposit libraries in the UK. The article also contains background information on how the scheme works, the types of electronic materials covered and international trends in the legal deposit of electronic resources.
http://www.sconul.ac.uk/publications/newsletter/30/23.PDF
In News from Member Libraries, SCONUL Newsletter 30 Winter 2003
Historical New Legal Deposit Laws Include Digital Data
Harris, Sian (Date Created: May 2004) (United Kingdom)
This article comments on changes in legal deposit legislation in the UK, with the introduction of the Legal Deposit Libraries Act 2003. This Act requires publishers to deposit digital information (such as offline electronic materials and websites) with one of the six national libraries in the UK and Ireland. The article provides a background to the new legislation, processes being undertaken to ensure that such legislation becomes a reality and a description of how other European countries are dealing with the preservation of electronic materials.
http://www.researchinformation.info/rimayjun04legaldeposit.html
Available in Research Information, May/June 2004, Issue 11
New Methodologies for Quantifying Licence-Based Commons on the Web
Bildstein, Ben (Date Created: Aug 2008) (Australia)
This paper delivered at the First Interdisciplinary Research Workshop on Free Culture, at iSummit '08, 30 July – 1 August 2008, describes the challenges of quantifying online commons, proposes using raw web crawler data and reports on some experiments using the Australian web domain harvests.
http://law.bepress.com/unswwps/flrps08/art52/
University of New South Wales FAculty of Law Research Series, 2008. Working Paper 52
Historical New Model Scholarship : How will it survive?
Smith, Abby (Date Created: Mar 2003)
This CLIR report (55 p.) discusses the issues in preserving digital scholarly resources. 'New model scholarship' is defined as those resources that are born digital, such as web sites, that will be of use to future researchers. The report looks at organisational approaches to preserving digital content and includes, as appendices, a review of organisational models for digital archiving and a survey of current research, practices and understanding of digital preservation in the United States.
ISBN: 1887334998
http://www.clir.org/pubs/abstract/pub114abst.html
Available online as full text or PDF, or for purchase in print
Historical New York Public Library Archiving Performing Arts Electronic Resources: A Planning Project - Report to the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation Mellon Electronic Journal Archiving Program
New York Public Library (Date Created: 31 Jul 2002) (United Kingdom)
Based on a project undertaken by the New York Public Library as part of the Mellon Electronic Journal Archiving Program, this article describes the avenues taken by the Library in investigating the establishment of a repository for archived electronic resources in the performing arts. It highlights the two main areas of the project’s investigation – content development and an overview of the implementation of a new electronic archive based on the OAIS model.
http://www.diglib.org/preserve/nyplfinal.pdf
Also available in Archiving Electronic Journals: Research Funded by the Andrew W Mellon Foundation, edited and introduced by Linda Cantara, Indiana University
New Zealand Web Harvest 2008
National Library of New Zealand (Date Created: Oct 2008) (New Zealand)
This web page provides an overview of the New Zealand Domain Web Harvest which was conducted in October 2008 by the National Library of New Zealand.
http://www.natlib.govt.nz/about-us/current-initiatives/past-initiative
s/web-harvest-2008
NGDA : National Geospatial Digital Archive
Stanford University and the University of California, Santa Barbara (Regularly Updated) (United States of America)
This project, run by Stanford University and the University of California Santa Barbara and funded by the Library of Congress under NDIIPP (National Digital Information Infrastructure and Preservation Program), has several aims. These include the creation of a federated network to archive geospatial data and the identification and collection of geospatial data at risk.
http://www.ngda.org/
Historical OAI and its Value to the Cultural Heritage Sector
Carpenter, Leona; Heery, Rachel In: DigiCULT.Info Newsletter (Date Created: Feb 2003)
This article discusses how the OAI (Open Archives Initiative) through its OAI-PMH (Open Archives Initiatives Protocol for Metadata Harvesting) enhances access to digital resources such as e-prints, images, multimedia and web pages. The article also discusses various projects and services using OAI to improve access to cultural resources, including 'hidden web' material, which is material that is in digital format but is not available through the usual Internet searching facilities.
http://data.digicult.info/download/digicult_info3_low.pdf
Historical Online Scientific Data Curation, Publication and Archiving
Gray, Jim; Stoughton, Christopher; Szalay, Alexander S.; Thakar, Ani R.; vandenBerg, Jan (Date Created: Jul 2002)
This article describes the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) strategies for data publication, data access, curation, and preservation. The article describes what needs to be preserved, how it is to be preserved and who will preserve it. Also discussed is the interconnected concepts of the 'data pyramid" and 'data inflation'.
http://arxiv.org/abs/cs.DL/0208012
Technical Report MSR-TR-2002-74
Historical Open Archival Information System Reference Model: Introductory Guide
Lavoie, Brian F (Date Created: Jan 2004)
This article provides an overview of the background, origins, functions and developments of the OAIS (Open Archival Information System) Reference Model. As stated by the author, "The OAIS reference model is a conceptualization of the environment, functional components and information objects associated with a system designed to effect the long-term preservation of digital materials". The article also lists the main responsibilities of an OAIS-type archive and provides examples of digital archiving systems that are OAIS-compliant.
http://www.dpconline.org/docs/lavoie_OAIS.pdf
Is part of the DPC (Digital Preservation Coalition) Technology Watch Series
Historical Open Archives Activities and Experiences in Europe : an Overview by the Open Archives Forum
Dobratz, Susanne; Matthaei, Birgit In: D-Lib magazine (Date Created: Jan 2003)
This article describes the work of the Open Archives Forum as well as providing an overview of European activities in OAI compared to other countries. The Open Archives Forum provides support, dissemination and information for those new and existing agencies involved in initiating, planning and maintaining open archives. The Forum is split into three 'workpackages', workshops and disseminations, organizational validation and technical validation.
http://www.dlib.org/dlib/january03/dobratz/01dobratz.html
Historical Open archives and UK Institutions : an Overview
Pinfield, Stephen In: D-Lib magazine (Date Created: Mar 2003) (United Kingdom)
This article provides a brief overview of current activity in the development of open archives (particularly e-print repositories) within UK universities and similar institutions and discusses some of the issues the open archives initiative (OAI) is raising. The article also describes JISC's FAIR (Focus on Access to Institutional Resources) programme, which consists of 14 projects designed to increase access to and sharing of institutional resources such as e-prints and e-thesis. The projects deals with issues such as includes metadata enhancement, rights and data management.
http://www.dlib.org/dlib/march03/pinfield/03pinfield.html
Open Source for Digital Curation
McHugh, Andrew In: DCC Digital Curation Manual (Date Created: Jul 2005)
This is the first instalment of the DCC Digital Curation Manual. The article offers a practical and in-depth analysis of all aspects of open source within the context of digital curation. The article covers the background and development of open source software, the application of open source to digital preservation, including costs, legal issues, functionality and security. It also discusses the various applications in governments, science and humanities institutions.
http://www.dcc.ac.uk/resource/curation-manual/chapters/open-source/
Also available as .PDF.
Historical Opportunities For Research Libraries In The NSF Cyberinfrastructure Program
Messerschmitt, David G. (Date Created: Aug 2003) (United States of America)
This article explores the Advanced Cyberinfrastructure Program (ACP) that has been developed by the National Science Foundation (NSF) Blue-Ribbon Advisory Panel in the United States. As well as providing an overview of the area of digital science, the author looks at the core elements of the ACP, which includes shared IT resources and services for the digital science community, shared disciplinary data/software repositories, as well as the long-term preservation of data.
http://www.arl.org/resources/pubs/br/br229/
In ARL Bimonthly Report, no 229, August 2003, pp.1-7
Our Digital Heritage as Source Material to End-users: Collection of and Access to Net Publications in the National Library of Norway
Rustad, Kjerste (Date Created: 01 May 2006) (Norway)
This paper describes how the National Library of Norway collects net publications under the Norwegian Legal Deposit Act and how they may be made accessible to users. It considers the limitations of the existing legislation.
http://www.palgrave-journals.com/dam/journal/v2/n3/abs/3650032a.html
Available in Journal of Digital Asset Management ISSN1743-6559 (2006) 2, 172-177
Our Digital Heritage as Source Material to End-users: Collection of and Access to Net Publications in the National Library of Norway
Rustad, Kjersti (Date Created: Apr 2006) (Norway)
This article provides an overview of the collection and access of Web documents at the National Library of Norway. It reviews end user access in the light of the legislative framework.
http://www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/01604950610677567
Collection Building ISSN 0160-4953, 25/3 (2006) pp:89-94
Historical PADI (Preserving Access to Digital Information) and Safekeeping
Hanley, Marian (Date Created: Feb 2004) (Australia)
This report looks at the National Library of Australia’s (NLA) Safekeeping Project; a project that has evolved from the Preserving Access to Digital Information (PADI) initiative. The PADI website is a subject gateway to international digital preservation resources and its Safekeeping Project aims to identify, select and archive the most important of these resources, thus ensuring their long-term availability. An explanation of PANDAS, the NLA’s in-house web archiving system used to archive the Safekept resources, is also discussed.
http://library.cern.ch/HEPLW/9/papers/2/
Available in High Energy Physics Libraries Webzine, Issue 9, March 2004, ISSN 1424-2729
PADICAT : Realitat i Reptes 3 Anys de L'arxiu Web de Catalunya
Cócera, Daniel; Llueca, Ciro (Date Created: May 2008) (Spain)
This paper (in Spanish) given at 11es Jornades Catalanes d'Informació i Documentació, Barcelona (Spain), 22-23 May 2008 provides an overview and update of the operation of Padicat, the web archive project of the Library of Catalonia.
http://eprints.rclis.org/13562/1/llueca_padicat_jornades_2008.pdf
In Actes 11es Jornades Catalanes d’Informació i Documentació, 2008 pp 163-178 http://www.cobdc.org/jornades/11JCD/actes11jcid/comunicacions/pag_163.pdf
Safekept
PANDORA Digital Archiving System (PANDAS): Managing Web Archiving in Australia : A Case Study
Koerbin, Paul (Date Created: 16 Sep 2004) (Australia)
This is a detailed case study of the processes and workflows of the PANDORA and how they are supported by the underlying PANDAS digital archiving system. Processes examined include metadata, access restrictions, harvesting, quality assurance, reporting and archiving. The paper also includes a section on future directions for PANDAS and web archiving in Australia.
http://www.nla.gov.au/nla/staffpaper/2004/koerbin2.html