Computer Aided Design (CAD)
Computer Aided Design is used for architectural, archaeological, engineering and mapping projects. It can involve both software and hardware components. At present, there is no internationally recognised standard for CAD data formats. The most common CAD file format is .dwg, however, this is a proprietary format and thus poses problems for digital preservation.
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CAD Archival Preservation and Some Practical Consequences
Eiteljorg, Harrison
(Date Created: 2002)
- This article explores the difficulties with not having access to a standard non-proprietary format for CAD files.
- http://csanet.org/newsletter/winter02/nlw0205.html
- CSA Newsletter, Vol. XIV, no. 3 (Winter 2002)
- Curating Architectural 3D CAD Models
Smith, MacKenzie
(Date Created: Jul 2009)
(United States of America)
- This article looks at the challenge of curating 3 Dimensional CAD models for architecture which is being investigated by the FACADE project at MIT. Metadata, sustainable formats, and intellectual property rights are considered.
- http://ijdc.net/index.php/ijdc/article/view/105
- Internation Journal of Digital Curation, Vol 4 No 1, 2009
- Lightweight Formats for Product Model Data Exchange and Preservation
Ball, Alexander; Ding, Lian; Patel, Manjula
(Date Created: Oct 2007)
(United Kingdom)
- This paper delivered at PV 2007(October 9-11 2007, Munich) discusses issues related to exchange of data and preservation of representations of engineered projects using three-dimensional Computer Aided Design (CAD) Models and the potential migration to lightweight formats that are easier to preserve.
- http://www.pv2007.dlr.de/Papers/Ball_LightweightFormats.pdf
- Towards a Curation and Preservation Architecture for CAD Engineering Models
Ball, Alexander; Ding, Lian; Patel, Manjula
(Date Created: 29 Sep 2008)
- This paper given at iPRES 2008 (British Library Conference Centre, 29-30 Sept. 2008) discusses preservation requirements of CAD models and presents two proof of concept tools developed to aid in their curation and preservation. RRoRIfe - Registry/Repository of Representation Information for Engineering - uses Representation Information, as defined by the OAIS Reference Model to advise on suitable migration strategies for migrating CAD models to archival or exchange formats. It is a simple preservation planning tool incorporating a registry of format characteristics and a registry of migration software. The second tool LiMMA -Lightweight Models with Multilayered Annotations - is an architecture for layering non-geometric information on top of a geometric model. It is a series of individual tools based around a common XML schema and workflow.
- http://www.bl.uk/ipres2008/presentations_day1/17_Ball.pdf
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- 2007 Atlantic Workshop on Long Term Knowledge Retention (LTKR)
12 - 13 Feb 2007
, University of Bath
UKOLN, University of Bath
(United Kingdom)
- This workshop was a forum for information and archival specialists, domain knowledge experts from manufacturing and product engineering, and other stakeholders, to share knowledge and experience from different projects and disciplines. Projects and items discussed included LOTAR, STEP, MIMER, progress with format registries, the CASPAR Testbed, preservation of digital engineering artefacts and processes including CAD. Presentations available from the programme link and workshop summary/proceedings available from the proceedings link.
- http://www.ukoln.ac.uk/events/ltkr-2007/
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Organisations and Websites
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- Collecting, Archiving and Exhibiting Digital Design Data
Fallon, Kristine
(Last Updated: Oct 2007)
(United States of America)
- Initiated by the Department of Architecture at the Art Institute of Chicago and undertaken by Kristine Fallon and Associates, with funding from the Schiff Foundation and Graham Foundation for Advanced Studies in the Fine Arts the purpose of the study was to examine the collection, archiving, and uses of digital design data produced by architects and industrial designers. The results of the study are extensive and are divided into 25 files. Section two is of most relevance as it deals with archiving digital design data: practices and technology, including preparing, collecting, and processing the data and its cataloguing, storage, and preservation. The study's final recommendations cover the life cycle of a digital work of art, including: types and classification of data appropriate for collection; indexing and metadata; data formats (archival, native, and derivative); format registration; storage; long-term maintenance; periodic migration; format updates and disaster recovery provisions for digital originals; and techniques for and opportunities to provide digital archive access to a broader community. The project was finalised in Spring 2007 and it was decided to make the software which was developed DAArch software version 1.0 open source.
- http://www.artic.edu/aic/depts/architecture/ddd.html
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Policies, Strategies & Guidelines
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- CAD: A Guide to Good Practice
Damien Robinson; Harrison Eiteljorg II; Jeremy Huggett; Kate Fernie
(Date Created: 2002)
(United Kingdom)
- "The Guide is based on the premise that many organisations create and use computer aided design (CAD) software for archaeological and architectural projects. Increasingly CAD files comprise a component of project archives which are born digital, used digitally and which may not fully be re-produced on paper. The CAD guide is aimed at those who create CAD files, at project managers and at those considering the management of CAD archives. The guide offers a
description of CAD software with a discussion of its use in a variety of situations, methods of data capture and good practices in the preparation of CAD models including consideration of layer naming schemes, drawing conventions and file formats. The guide provides an invaluable source of information about the management of digital data
both during the project life-cycle and for its long-term preservation, archiving and effective data re-use. As a result it emphasises the importance of adhering to standards and of documentation essential information to support the re-use of the resource. The CAD Guide to Good Practice is of use to academic researchers, staff in national heritage agencies and local authorities, project field-workers, illustrators and others who are using CAD files as the foundation on which to build
mapping applications and virtual reality models."
- http://ads.ahds.ac.uk/project/goodguides/cad/
- Collecting, Archiving and Exhibiting Digital Design Data
Fallon, Kristine
(Last Updated: Oct 2007)
(United States of America)
- Initiated by the Department of Architecture at the Art Institute of Chicago and undertaken by Kristine Fallon and Associates, with funding from the Schiff Foundation and Graham Foundation for Advanced Studies in the Fine Arts the purpose of the study was to examine the collection, archiving, and uses of digital design data produced by architects and industrial designers. The results of the study are extensive and are divided into 25 files. Section two is of most relevance as it deals with archiving digital design data: practices and technology, including preparing, collecting, and processing the data and its cataloguing, storage, and preservation. The study's final recommendations cover the life cycle of a digital work of art, including: types and classification of data appropriate for collection; indexing and metadata; data formats (archival, native, and derivative); format registration; storage; long-term maintenance; periodic migration; format updates and disaster recovery provisions for digital originals; and techniques for and opportunities to provide digital archive access to a broader community. The project was finalised in Spring 2007 and it was decided to make the software which was developed DAArch software version 1.0 open source.
- http://www.artic.edu/aic/depts/architecture/ddd.html
- Preservation Handbook : Computer Aided Design
Westcott, Keith
(Date Created: 19 Jul 2005)
(United Kingdom)
- This publication is part of a series of preservation handbooks published by the AHDS (Arts and Humanities Data Service). This handbook discusses the significant characteristics of CAD (Computer Aided Design), common formats and best practice. The goal of the handbook is to instruct AHDS staff on how best to preserve digital objects, in accordance with 'a migration based preservation approach, incorporating migration to standard formats during ingest.' Although this document is written for AHDS staff, the information is useful to the broader digital preservation community.
- http://ahds.ac.uk/preservation/cad-preservation-handbook.pdf
- Version 1.2. Also available in RTF format - http://ahds.ac.uk/preservation/cad-preservation-handbook.rtf
- Preservation Handbook : Vector Graphics
Westcott, Keith
(Date Created: 23 Aug 2005)
- This publication is part of a series of preservation handbooks published by the AHDS (Arts and Humanities Data Service). This handbook discusses the significant characteristics of vector graphics, common formats and best practice. The goal of the handbook is to instruct AHDS staff on how best to preserve digital objects, in accordance with "a migration based preservation approach, incorporating migration to standard formats during ingest." Although this document is written for AHDS staff, the information is useful to the broader digital preservation community.
- http://ahds.ac.uk/preservation/vectors-preservation-handbook.pdf
- Also available in RTF format - http://ahds.ac.uk/preservation/vectors-preservation-handbook.rtf.
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Projects and Case Studies
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- Collecting, Archiving and Exhibiting Digital Design Data
Fallon, Kristine
(Last Updated: Oct 2007)
(United States of America)
- Initiated by the Department of Architecture at the Art Institute of Chicago and undertaken by Kristine Fallon and Associates, with funding from the Schiff Foundation and Graham Foundation for Advanced Studies in the Fine Arts the purpose of the study was to examine the collection, archiving, and uses of digital design data produced by architects and industrial designers. The results of the study are extensive and are divided into 25 files. Section two is of most relevance as it deals with archiving digital design data: practices and technology, including preparing, collecting, and processing the data and its cataloguing, storage, and preservation. The study's final recommendations cover the life cycle of a digital work of art, including: types and classification of data appropriate for collection; indexing and metadata; data formats (archival, native, and derivative); format registration; storage; long-term maintenance; periodic migration; format updates and disaster recovery provisions for digital originals; and techniques for and opportunities to provide digital archive access to a broader community. The project was finalised in Spring 2007 and it was decided to make the software which was developed DAArch software version 1.0 open source.
- http://www.artic.edu/aic/depts/architecture/ddd.html
- FACADE - Future-proofing Architectural Computer-Aided DEsign
MIT Libraries
(Last Updated: Aug 2009)
(United States of America)
- This project was funded by a two year grant (October 2006 - August 2009) from the Institute of Museum and Library Services (IMLS) and the MIT Libraries to research methods and best practices to capture describe, manage, preserve and make available digital CAD models. The final report is available.
- http://facade.mit.edu/
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| Digital Television
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| GIS (Geographic Information System)
| Networked digital material
| Physical format digital material
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| Word processing documents
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