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Digital libraries

A digital library is defined by Clifford Lynch (Chapter One of the CNI White Paper on Networked Information Discovery and Retrieval) as an "electronic information access system that offers the user a coherent view of an organized, selected, and managed body of information". Paul Duguid (Report of the Santa Fe Planning Workshop on Distributed Knowledge Work Environments) describes a digital library as "an environment to bring together collections, services, and people in support of the full life cycle of creation, dissemination, use, and preservation of data, information and knowledge".

Digital library research encompasses a broad range of issues associated with preserving access to digital information. For example, there are technological issues relating to: systems for resource discovery and information retrieval; the use of technical standards; interoperability with other systems; and methods of storage and preservation. Legal issues such as intellectual property rights and licensing mean that consideration needs to be given to methods of controlling access and ensuring authenticity of information.

Articles | Books | Events | Organisations and Websites | Online tutorial | Policies, Strategies & Guidelines | Projects and Case Studies | Bibliographies | Glossaries | Journals & Newsletters | Discussion Lists | Surveys | Tools | Evaluations

Articles

Historical 3D Culture on the Web
Gill, Tony In: RLG DigiNews (Date Created: 15 Jun 2001)
This article provides an overview of the use of three dimensional modelling and web technologies in allowing access to cultural heritage materials.
http://digitalarchive.oclc.org/da/ViewObjectMain.jsp?fileid=0000070513
:000006284476&reqid=2789#featured
Accountability and Accessibility : Ensuring the Evidence of E-governance in Australia
Cunningham, Adrian; Phillips, Margaret E. (Date Created: Aug 2005) (Australia)
This article is an updated version of a earlier article called Keeping Online Information Accessible for E-governance and E-democracy published in 2004. The article focuses on the need for government agencies and other institutions to ensure that electronic publications and organisational records are collected, managed and preserved as a means of ensuring long-term access for the benefit of e-governance and e-democracy. The article provides definitions of online publications and online records; explores the role of libraries and archives in e-government, including initiatives undertaken at the National Library of Australia and National Archives of Australia; addresses factors that contribute to the vulnerability of online information; and concludes with a list of factors that inhibit the long-term availability of online information for e-governance and e-democracy.
http://www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/00012530510612059
Aslib Proceedings, ISSN 0001-253X , vol. 57, no. 4, pp. 301-317. Available via subscription from www.emeraldinsight.com
aDORe: A Modular, Standards-Based Digital Object Repository
Balakireva, Luda; Bekaert, Jeroen; Liu, Xiaoming; Schwander, Thorsten; Van de Sompel, Herbert (Date Created: 24 Jun 2005)
Description from abstract - This paper describes the aDORe repository architecture designed and implemented for ingesting, storing, and accessing a vast collection of Digital Objects at the Research Library of the Los Alamos National Laboratory.
http://comjnl.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/abstract/48/5/514
Computer Journal, Vol. 48, no. 5, 2005. Subscription required for full text.
AONS System Documentation
Curtis, Joseph (Date Created: 29 Sep 2006) (Australia)
This is a technical document on the the system documentation for AONS (Automatic Obsolescence Notification System). AONS is a software system that provides automatic notification of digital objects in a repository that may become obsolescent by using preservation information about the file formats. The document covers the architecture, registry and repository interface, AONS core and database structure.
http://www.apsr.edu.au/publications/aons_report.pdf
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Historical The Archive as an Ecosystem
Coleman, David; Martin, Julia In: JEP - The Journal of Electronic Publishing (Date Created: Apr 2002)
This article introduces a new metaphor for the processes in managing the preservation of digital archives, that of the ecosystem, and likens the survival of data against technological change to the processes of evolutionary adaptation - "an ongoing process of selection -- of media platforms, of preservation structures, of migratory patterns " to avoid "data extinction".
http://www.press.umich.edu/jep/07-03/martin.html
Archive Ingest and Handling Test (AIHT) : Final Report
Shirky, Clay (Date Created: Jun 2005) (United States of America)
The Archive Ingest and Handling Test (AIHT) was designed to test a proposed preservation architecture. The test had two phases; phase one tested the transfer from the donating archive and data handling within local systems; phase two tested export and import between the participants. The participants of the project were the Library of Congress, Stanford University, Old Dominion University, Johns Hopkins University and Harvard University Library. A common data set, the George Mason University 9/11 archive, provided the data for the test.
http://www.digitalpreservation.gov/library/pdf/ndiipp_aiht_final_repor
t.pdf
Archive Profile : Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research (ICPSR)
Dale, Robin (Date Created: 14 Oct 2005) (United States of America)
This profile covers the Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research (ICPSR) from several perspectives. They include organisational structures, systems architecture, deposit agreements and user communities.
http://www.crl.edu/content/DigArc/DigArc2/ICPSR.pdf
Archive Profile : KB Koninklijke Bibliotheek : National Library of the Netherlands
Dale, Robin (Date Created: 20 Oct 2005) (Netherlands)
This profile covers the Koninklijke Bibliotheek's (KB) e-depot, an electronic journal archive. The organisation is examined from several perspectives including organisational structures, systems architecture, deposit agreements and user communities.
http://www.crl.edu/content/DigArc/DigArc2/KBprofile.pdf
Archive Profile : Portico : an Electronic Archiving Service
Dale, Robin (Date Created: 14 Oct 2005)
This profile covers PORTICO, a born digital scholarly E-journals archive, from several perspectives. They include organisational structures, systems architecture, deposit agreements and user communities.
http://www.crl.edu/content/DigArc/DigArc2/portico.pdf
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Historical Archiving Digital Cultural Artifacts: Organizing an Agenda for Action
Kahle, Brewster; Lyman, Peter In: D-Lib magazine (Date Created: Jul 1998)
In this article, Peter Lyman and Brewster Kahle of the Internet Archive describe the World Wide Web as a new kind of cultural artifact requiring new kinds of management techniques, giving examples of innovative approaches already on the Web. Further technical work is proposed, including developments in legal and data transmission infrastructures, technologies for digital publishing, digital libraries and archives, and time-capsule technologies.
http://www.dlib.org/dlib/july98/07lyman.html
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Historical Archiving Electronic Publications: A report of the NISO/BISG Meeting, January 20, 2002
National Information Standards Organisation (NISO) (Last Updated: 02 Feb 2002)
This report from the ALA Midwinter Conference 2002, provides descriptions of three ongoing electronic archiving projects that "examine cost-effective business models for archiving, explore rights issues, and identify the needed standards". Powerpoint slides by presenters from the respective projects area available.
http://www.niso.org/news/events/niso/past/niso_bisg_rpt/
Audit and Certification of Digital Repositories : Creating a Mandate for the Digital Curation Centre (DCC)
McHugh, Andrew; Ross, Seamus In: RLG DigiNews (Date Created: 15 Oct 2005) (United Kingdom)
This article provides an introduction to audit and certification in digital repositories. Various issues are discussed including what conditions must be satisfied for a digital repository to attain trusted status, how can a repository formalise its trusted status and gaining an audit and certification mandate. The activities and initiatives of the Digital Curation Centre in regard to audit and certification are also discussed.
http://digitalarchive.oclc.org/da/ViewObject.jsp?objid=0000068925&reqi
d=375#article1
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Historical Battle to Define the Future of the Book in the Digital World
Lynch, Clifford In: First Monday (Date Created: 04 Jun 2001)
In this article, Clifford Lynch, Director of the Coalition for Networked Information (CNI), discusses the implications of electronic books (e-books), including issues of contents and rights management, and long-term preservation and access.
http://www.firstmonday.org/issues/issue6_6/lynch/index.html
Building a Digital Archive : a Dutch Experience
Horsman, Peter; Pompe, Klaartje In: RLG DigiNews (Date Created: 15 Dec 2005) (Netherlands)
This article describes a project to develop a digital repository for the long term preservation of the digital contents of the Municipal Archives of Rotterdam. The project is a collaboration between the Archives and the Netherlands Archives School. The article outlines the processes and objectives over 2 years, including the project management technique of 'time boxing'; migration of documents to XML; system design; and testing DSpace. The article ends with some observations on open source software.
http://www.rlg.org/en/page.php?Page_ID=20865#article2
Historical Building A Digital Library Of Television News
Breeding, Marshall (Date Created: Jun 2003) (United States of America)
This article is a brief overview of the processes involved in establishing a digital archive of television news videotapes at the Vanderbilt Television News Archives in the USA. The author examines some technical apects of converting and preserving the videotape into a digital format; explains the different phases of the project, such as the creation of metadata and the establishment of the digitisation process; and provides an overview of the costs and challenges facing the project.
http://www.librarytechnology.org/ltg-displaytext.pl?RC=10346
Also available in PDF version, Computers in Libraries, June 2003, Vol 23, Issue 6, ISSN 1041-7915 and by subscription online at www.ebscohost.com/
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Historical Building a National Strategy for Digital Preservation: Issues in Digital Media Archiving
Council on Library and Information Resources (CLIR) (Date Created: Apr 2002) (United States of America)
A collection of papers commissioned by the Library of Congress and the Council on Library and Information Resources as a background to developing the National Digital Information Infrastructure and Preservation Program. Topics of the papers covered "six principal areas in which the LC faces collection-management issues: large Web sites, electronic books, electronic journals, digitally recorded sound, digital film, and digital television."
http://www.clir.org/pubs/abstract/pub106abst.html
Also available in PDF format at http://www.clir.org/pubs/reports/pub106/pub106.pdf
Historical Building Digital Archives for Scientific Information
Solla, Leah In: Issues in Science and Technology Librarianship (Date Created: Nov 2002) (United States of America)
A brief article describing projects at Cornell University Library investigating digital archiving and preservation issues and the role for libraries. Projects covered include those investigating web resources (PRISM), electronic journals (Project Harvest) and similar projects in subject areas such as mathematics and physics. The aim for a common deposit system is noted.
http://www.istl.org/02-fall/article2.html
Carrots and Sticks: Some Ideas on How to Create a Successful Institutional Repository
Ferreira, Miguel; Rodrigues, Eloy; Baptista, Ana Alice; Saraiva, Ricardo In: D-Lib magazine (Date Created: Jan 2008) (Portugal)
This article describes the institutional repository of the University of Minho, Portugal and its strategic plan to overcome slow adoption and low deposit rates.
http://dlib.ukoln.ac.uk/dlib/january08/ferreira/01ferreira.html
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Historical Case for Institutional Repositories: A SPARC Position Paper
Crow, Raym (Last Updated: 2002)
A report produced by the Scholarly Publishing and Academic Resources Coalition looking at the benefits of developing Institutional Repositories to capture and preserve scholarly output. Also examined is how the trend towards the self-publishing of primary research materials changes the roles of traditional scholarly publishers, academic libraries and specific faculties.
http://www.arl.org/sparc/bm~doc/ir_final_release_102.pdf
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CEDARS: Long-term Access and Usability of Digital Resources: The Digital Preservation Conundrum
Russell, Kelly (Date Created: Dec 1998) (United Kingdom)
This article examines the meaning of the task of digital preservation, some strategies for preserving digital material, and provides background to the Cedars project.
http://www.ariadne.ac.uk/issue18/cedars/
Historical Climbing the scholarly publishing mountain with SHERPA
MacColl, John; Pinfield, Stephen In: Ariadne (Last Updated: 11 Oct 2002) (United Kingdom)
A paper discussing the UK-based SHERPA project funded to create OAI –compliant ”e-print” repositories through self-archiving in the Higher education sector and acknowledging and addressing the associated management, intellectual property rights, digital preservation and technical issues.
http://www.ariadne.ac.uk/issue33/sherpa/
Historical CoLIS3 Proceedings: Digital Libraries, Interdisciplinary Concepts Challenges and Opportunities
(Date Created: Aug 1999) (Croatia)
This page has a complete contents list of the proceedings of this conference held in DubrovniK, Croatia on 23-26 May 1999 and the full text of the preface to them. Papers presented at this conference cover a broad range of digital library issues including: evaluation, management, design, and examples of specific projects.
http://www.ffzg.hr/infoz/colis3/index.htm
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Counting the Costs of Digital Preservation : is Repository Storage Affordable?
Chapman, Stephen In: Journal of Digital Information (Date Created: 07 May 2003) (United States of America)
This article examines pricing associated with repository storage through a comparison of the billable storage rates for analog formats at the Harvard University Library’s to digital formats at the Online Computer Library Center, Inc. (OCLC). Two case studies are used to identify the relationship between content and medium, as well as integrity and risk management for both textual and photographic formats.
http://journals.tdl.org/jodi/article/view/jodi-113/99
Creating an Institutional Repository : LEADIRS Workbook
Barton, Mary R. ; Waters, Margaret M. (Date Created: 2005)
This extensive document covers all aspects of building institutional repositories such as planning, choosing repository software platforms, including digital preservation considerations, legal and regulatory environmental and policy development and cost modelling. Each section has associated worksheets and key questions. There are many references to case studies which are used to highlight approaches to the various issues in developing an institutional repository.
http://www.dspace.org/implement/leadirs.pdf
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Historical Creating Trading Networks of Digital Archives
Cooper, Brian; Garcia-Molina, Hector (Date Created: 2001)
This paper examines how agencies might preserve digital collections by forming and participating in peer-to-peer (P2P) trading networks. Peer-to-peer trading algorithms and a simulator, to conduct and report on trading sessions, were used to examine issues of storage and replication allowances, trading network size, and choice and reliability of trading partners. The paper is available in several formats, including text, PostScript and PDF, or may be read online by selecting "Pagewise preview".
http://dbpubs.stanford.edu:8090/pub/2001-23
The DARE Chronicle: Open Access to Research Results and Teaching Material in the Netherlands
Waaijers, Leo In: Ariadne (Date Created: Oct 2007) (Netherlands)
This article reflects on the four years and future of the DARE project which enables Dutch Higher Education and research institutions to provide easy and timely open access to research results and teaching materials.
http://www.ariadne.ac.uk/issue53/waaijers/
Historical Developing a 3D Digital Library for Spatial Data: Issues Identified and Description of Prototype
Rowe, Jeremy In: RLG DigiNews (Date Created: 15 Oct 2002)
This article describes the Partnership for Research in Spatial Modelling (PRISM) project at Arizona State University, including background on the use of three dimensional modelling in digital library settings and the prototype collection of scanned data describing such objects developed during the project.
http://digitalarchive.oclc.org/da/ViewObjectMain.jsp?fileid=0000070519
:000006289609&reqid=3550#feature1
Digital Archive Developments
Falk, Howard (Date Created: 2003)
This article provides a guide to the development of digital archives in universities, colleges, as well as national and international governmental institutions worldwide. The author provides an overview of academic digital archives in the USA and Europe; the concerns of journal publishing such as the costs of digital repositories and copyright; worldwide national initiatives and projects to preserve digital materials including activities of the British Library, Library of Congress, and the National Archives of Australia; as well as information relating to archiving software.
DOI: 10.1108/02640470310491603
http://www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/02640470310491603
Available in The Electronic Library, Vol 21, Number 4, pp. 375-379 (ISSN 02640473). Subscription is also available online at http://konstanza.emeraldinsight.com/. Available in HTML or pdf formats.
Historical Digital Archiving : What is Involved?
Flecker, Dale (Date Created: Jan 2003) (United States of America)
This article discusses the issues in archiving and preserving electronic journals, especially within a higher education context. The article is based on the results of Harvard University's study in the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation grant on electronic journal archiving.
http://www.educause.edu/ir/library/pdf/erm0316.pdf
in, Educause Review, January/February 2003
Digital Authenticity and Integrity : Digital Cultural Heritage Documents as Research Resources
Bradley, Rachel (Date Created: 2005) (United States of America)
This article presents the results of a survey conducted in 2003 on how organizations and staff view the importance of authenticity and integrity in their digital repositories. The author discusses that the survey showed that authenticity and integrity represented a low priority compared to increasing access and preserving content.
http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/portal_libraries_and_the_academy/v005/5.2
bradley.html
Portal : Libraries and the Academy, Vol. 5, no. 2 (2005), E-ISSN: 1530-7131
Digital Curation and Preservation : Defining the Research Agenda for the Next Decade : Report of the Warwick Workshop : 7- 8 November 2005
Digital Curation Centre (Date Created: 2006)
This workshop was sponsored by the British Library, the Council for the Central Laboratory of the Research Councils (CCLRC), the Digital Curation Centre (DCC) and JISC, and was held November 2005. The workshop was organised around several topics which were covered by breakout groups. The topics were Curation Services and Technologies; Drivers and Barriers (policy issues); and Data Life Cycle Management (process issues). This report brings the results of all the groups together, outlining a number of policy development topics and the common research areas.
http://www.dcc.ac.uk/training/warwick_2005/Warwick_Workshop_report.pdf
Digital Curation for Science, Digital Libraries, and Individuals
Beagrie, Neil (Date Created: Sep 2006) (United Kingdom)
This paper explores inter-disciplinary research, trends, practices and new developments in the emerging field of digital curation.
http://www.ijdc.net/ijdc/article/view/6/5
The International Journal of Digital Curation Issue 1, Vol 1 Autumn 2006 pp 3-16
Historical Digital Division is Cultural Exclusion. But Is Digital Inclusion Cultural Inclusion?
Worcman, Karen In: D-Lib magazine (Date Created: Mar 2002)
This article examines "the extent to which digital technologies and the Internet can be instruments of social and cultural inclusion" and "how the use of these technologies can be linked to the preservation of the history of a particular cultural group." It also notes the impacts of digital technology on history and the collective memory of communities and the challenges in overcoming digital exclusion of economically disadvantaged groups, in the creation and preservation of digital history and of sustainable projects and resources.
http://www.dlib.org/dlib/march02/worcman/03worcman.html
Digital Libraries: Advanced Methods and Technologies, Digital Collections - Report on RCDL'2002 - the 4th All-Russian Scientific Conference, Dubna, 15-17 October 2002
Kalinichenko, Leonid A; Korenkov, Vladimir V; Shirikov, Vladislav P; Sissakian, Alexey N; Sunturenko, Oleg V In: D-Lib magazine (Date Created: Jan 2003) (Russia)
A report on the 4th All-Russian Scientific Conference on digital libraries, held in Dubna, Russia, 15-17 October, 2002. Topics included hybrid library development, creation of integrated depositories of scientific information, document representation and retrieval and digital libraries in education. Archiving and preserving materials for future access is noted.
http://www.dlib.org/dlib/january03/kalinichenko/01kalinichenko.html
Digital Library Initiatives Across Europe
Raitt, David (Date Created: Nov 2000)
A revised version of a paper presented at the 11th International Conference on New Information Technology, 18-20 August, 1999, in Taipei, Taiwan. This article, published in "Computers in Libraries" reviews current European digital library initiatives, and includes links to the various project websites.
http://www.infotoday.com/cilmag/nov00/raitt.htm
Computers in Libraries, Vol. 20, No. 10, Nov./Dec. 2000
Digital Library Manifesto
Candela, Leonardo; Castelli, Donatello; Ionnidis, Yannis; Koutrika, Georgia; Pagano, Pasquale; Ross, Seamus; Schek, Hans-Jeorg; Schuldt, Heiko (Date Created: Jan 2006)
This document aims to "set the foundations and identify the cornerstone concepts within the universe of Digital Libraries, facilitating the integration of research and proposing better ways of developing appropriate systems."
ISBN: 2912335248
http://www.delos.info/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=345&It
emid=#docs
Available as PDF from the DELOS Network http://www.delos.info/
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Digital Library SunSITE Collection and Preservation Policy
University of California, Berkeley In: Berkeley Digital Library SunSITE (Date Created: 6 Jul 1996) (United States of America)
This paper is a discussion of the collecting levels of the Digital Library SunSITE and its preservation policy. The policy includes a description of four levels of collecting (and preserving) digital materials: archiving, serving, mirroring and linking.
http://sunsite.berkeley.edu/Admin/oldcollection.html
Historical Digital Library Tool Kit
Noerr, Peter (Date Created: 1998)
This detailed paper (100 p.) is designed to help those who are contemplating setting up a digital library. It raises questions which need to be addressed before embarking on the creation of a digital library and discusses issues related to the design, creation, implementation and maintenance of a digital library.
http://www.sun.com/products-n-solutions/edu/whitepapers/digitaltoolkit
.html
Historical Digital Library: A Biography
Daniel Greenstein; Suzanne E. Thorin (Last Updated: Dec 2002) (United States of America)
A report analysing the development of academic digital libraries from their initial status as research and development projects to their current maturing status as core providers of networked access to digital surrogates and electronic resources. The report is compiled from a survey of US research libraries and case studies of several proto-digital libraries and looks at the philosophies and management environments that created the first digital libraries and the ongoing inter-library and faculty co-ordination that is driving future directions. 2nd ed. Dec 2002
ISBN: 1887334955
http://www.clir.org/pubs/abstract/pub109abst.html
acessible online in HTML and PDF formats and available as a print version for US $20 from CLIR
Digital Preservation : Architecture and Technology for Trusted Digital Repositories
Giarlo, Michael J.; Jantz, Ronald In: D-Lib magazine (Date Created: Jun 2005)
This article discusses the importance of establishing and maintaining trust and authenticity throughout the lifecycle of records within academic digital repositories. It gives an overview of technologies for enabling permanence and trust such as Persistent Identifiers, PIDs and naming conventions. The digital preservation architecture at Rutgers University Libraries digital repository is used to demonstrate this approach.
10.1045/june2005-jantz
http://www.dlib.org/dlib/june05/jantz/06jantz.html
Historical Digital Preservation : Problems and Prospects
Hedstrom, Margaret (Date Created: Mar 2001)
This paper provides an outline of the major issues that long-term preservation raises for digital libraries and describes the main technical strategies upon which digital preservation has up to now relied upon, identified as standards and migration. The author provides an assessment of emulation as a preservation strategy and notes other strategies such as 'print-to-paper', 'computer museums' and 'digital archaeology'. She also comments on some major operational models and research projects including the Open Archival Information Systems (OAIS) Reference Model, Project NEDLIM and the CEDARS Project. The article is published in issue no. 20 (March 2001) of Digital Libraries (Dijitaru toshokan).
http://www.dl.slis.tsukuba.ac.jp/DLjournal/No_20/1-hedstrom/1-hedstrom
.html
Digital Preservation in the Context of Institutional Repositories
Hockx-Yu, Helen (Date Created: 2006) (United Kingdom)
This article discusses the issues and challenges of digital preservation facing institutional repositories. The author describes the JISC digital preservation strategy and key initiatives and presents two examples, SHERPA DP and PRESERV. The author concludes that digital preservation should be made part of the repository workflow so that it is fully integrated into the information management lifecycle and not regarded as a separate process.
http://www.emeraldinsight.com/Insight/ViewContentServlet?Filename=Publ
ished/EmeraldFullTextArticle/Articles/2800400304.html
Program: electronic library and information systems, Volume 40 Number 3 2006 pp. 232-243
Digital Preservation of E-Prints
James, Hamish; Pinfield, Stephen In: D-Lib magazine (Date Created: Sep 2003)
The first part of this article discusses whether e-print repositories should preserve their contents as part of their service. The author maintains that filling e-print repositories and preserving their contents need not be mutually exclusive activities. Within this context, the technical and managerial challenges to the preservation of e-prints are discussed.
http://www.dlib.org/dlib/september03/pinfield/09pinfield.html
Historical Digital Reality II: Preserving our Electronic Heritage
NELINET (Date Created: 05 Jun 2000) (United States of America)
This page contains links to conference papers.
http://www.nelinet.net/edserv/conf/digital/dr_2000/digital.htm
Digital Repositories
Semple, Najla (Date Created: Apr 2006)
In this briefing paper digital repositories are defined, roles and responsibilities of stakeholders are discussed and there are also links to additional resources on the subject.
http://www.dcc.ac.uk/resource/briefing-papers/digital-repositories/
Digital Curation Centre (DCC) briefing papers
Digital Repositories Roadmap : Looking Forward
Heery, Rachel; Powell, Andy (Date Created: 07 Apr 2006) (United Kingdom)
Funded by JISC (Joint Information Systems Committee), this discussion document provides information on current practices, future plans and individual roadmaps for various types of repository material such as geospatial data, academic papers and learning material. The content of the roadmap was made by contributors from academic and research organisations in the UK.
http://www.jisc.ac.uk/uploaded_documents/rep-roadmap-v15.doc
Digital Repository Certification : a Report from Germany
Dobratz, Susanne ; Schoger, Astrid In: RLG DigiNews (Date Created: 15 Oct 2005) (Germany)
This article provides an overview of two different certification-related initiatives and approaches in Germany - the Deutsche Initiative für Netzwerkinformation (DINI) Certificate for Document and Publication Repositories and the Working Group on Trusted Repository Certification of the Network of Expertise in Long-term STOrage of Digital Resources (nestor).
http://digitalarchive.oclc.org/da/ViewObject.jsp?objid=0000068925&reqi
d=396#article3
Digital Sustainability and Digital Repositories
Bradley, Kevin (Date Created: Feb 2006)
This paper begins by describing the APSR (Australian Partnership on Sustainable Repositories), its partners and projects such as the Automatic Obsolescence Notification System (AONS) and the functional specification of the PREMIS metadata set. The paper also covers issues raised in the APSR project including data sustainability, sustainability of meaningful access to content and the organisational structure of digital sustainability.
http://www.valaconf.org.au/vala2006/papers2006/45_Bradley_Final.pdf
Paper presented at the VALA 2006 conference, 8-10 February 2006, Melbourne, Australia. A podcast of this paper is available at http://www.vala.org.au/vala2006/auth2006.htm
Historical Digitisation of Library Materials: Report of the Concertation Meeting and Workshop held in Luxembourg 14 December 1998
European Commission. Directorate General XIII-E/4. Telematics for Libraries. Ed. Marc Fresko, Applerace Ltd. (Date Created: Jan 1999) (Luxembourg)
Proceedings of a Concertation Meeting and Workshop organised by the European Commission, Directorate General XIII-E/4, Telematics for Libraries which brought together many with experience in creating digital copies of materials held in libraries. A discussion of metadata for managing digital objects is included as is a comparative study of digital preservation guidelines.
ftp://ftp.cordis.lu/pub/ist/docs/digicult/digit.pdf
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Historical Disclosing Digital Cultural Wealth: Museums and the Open Archives Initiative
Perkins, John In: Cultivate Interactive (Date Created: Feb 2002)
The Open Archives Initiative (OAI) develops and promotes technical standards to allow the creation of metadata repositories that can be further harvested and processed. This article provides a broad overview of the testing of the OAI protocol by the Consortium for the Interchange of Museum Information (CIMI), as well as noting other implementers in the museum community and directions for further research.
http://www.cultivate-int.org/issue6/cimi/
Distributed Preservation in a National Context : NDIIPP at Mid-point
Smith, Abby In: D-Lib magazine (Date Created: Jun 2006) (United States of America)
This article describes the progress of the National Digital Information Infrastructure and Preservation Program (NDIIPP) after five and a half years. The article focusses on the initiative's strategic investment in technical infrastructure, enabling infrastucture such as copyright and remaining challenges.
http://www.dlib.org/dlib/june06/smith/06smith.html
Double Bind of E-journal Collections
Fox, Robert (Date Created: 2007) (United States of America)
This article compares and contrasts the philosophies and technical underpinnings of LOCKSS and Portico, two different approaches used for e-journal archiving and preservation of born digital material.
10.1108/10650750710720739
http://www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/10650750710720739
Also available in PDF and in OCLC Systems and Services: International Library Perspectives ISSN 1065-075X Vol 23, Issue 1, 2007, pp21-29
DRIVER: Building the Network for Accessing Digital Repositories Across Europe
Feijen, Martin; Horstmann, Wolfram; Manghi, Paolo; Robinson, Mary; Russell, Rosemary In: Ariadne (Date Created: Oct 2007)
This article provides an outline of the DRIVER project, its achievements to date in supporting and enhancing access to European digital repositories.
http://www.ariadne.ac.uk/issue53/feijen-et-al/
DSpace Digital Repository Software
Pennock, Maureen (Date Created: 12 Jun 2006)
This is the first of a series of Technology Watch Papers. It provides an overview of DSpace functionality and describes some implementations of the software in various institutions around the world.
http://www.dcc.ac.uk/resource/technology-watch/dspace/
In DSpace, Ideas are Forever
Marx, Vivien (Date Created: 03 Aug 2003)
This article from the New York Times discusses DSpace and other similar archives. It describes the circumstances encouraging the growth of scholarly archiving and includes quotes from the director of M.I.T. Libraries and the Scholarly Publishing and Academic Resources Coalition. (Free registration required.)
http://www.nytimes.com/2003/08/03/edlife/03EDTECH.html?ex=1060922358&e
i=1&en=262cf6a5774edd97
New York Times, Education Life
Historical DSpace: An Institutional Repository from the MIT Libraries and Hewlett Packard Laboratories
Smith, MacKenzie In: Research and Advanced Technology for Digital Libraries: 6th European Conference, ECDL 2002, Rome, Italy, September 16-18, 2002. Proceedings
A paper presented at ECDL 2002, describing the rationale for institutional repositories, the DSpace system, and its implementation at MIT. Plans to release the system in open source to allow continued research in open scholarly communication and long-term preservation for digital materials are also discussed. The abstract is available free-of-charge online. The full article may be obtained in print form or online for a fee.
http://www.springerlink.com/openurl.asp?genre=article&issn=0302-9743&v
olume=2458&spage=543
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Historical E-Journal Archive DTD Feasibility Study
Inera Incorporated (Date Created: 05 Dec 2001)
This report, commissioned by the Harvard University Library E-Journal Archiving Project under a grant from the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation, provides recommendations for the development of a common SGML structure for representing the intellectual content of archived journal articles and examines the challenges to be faced in transforming such content. It is based on examination of DTDs from ten publishers and the experiences of organisations that have worked with multiple publishers and DTDs.
http://www.diglib.org/preserve/hadtdfs.pdf
Editor's Interview : National Digital Information Infrastructure and Preservation Program
Campbell, Laura In: RLG DigiNews (Date Created: 15 Jun 2003) (United States of America)
In this interview, Laura Campbell, Associate Librarian for Strategic Initiatives, Library of Congress, relates the development and implementation of the National Digital Information Infrastructure and Preservation Program (NDIIPP). Topics covered include funding, proposals, objectives, and stakeholders.
http://digitalarchive.oclc.org/da/ViewObjectMain.jsp?fileid=0000070513
:000006285814&reqid=1033#feature1
Eprints Digital Repository Software
Pennock, Maureen (Date Created: 25 Aug 2006)
This DCC technology watch report provides an overview of the functionality and some of the implementations of the Eprints software.
http://www.dcc.ac.uk/resource/technology-watch/eprints/
DCC technology watch report
Historical ePrints UK : Developing a National E-Prints Archive
Martin, Ruth In: Ariadne (Date Created: 2003) (United Kingdom)
ePrints UK is a two year project which aims to provide the higher and further education sector access to and preservation of the e-print papers available from compliant open archive repositories. This paper provides a brief overview of the ePrints UK project, including technical issues such as database development and SOAP (Simple Object Access Protocol) interfaces and non technical issues such as intellectual property rights and insufficient repositories from which to harvest records.
http://www.ariadne.ac.uk/issue35/martin
Eternal Bits : How Can We Preserve Digital Files and Save Our Collective Memory?
Smith, Mackenzie (Date Created: 19 Jul 2005) (United States of America)
This article outlines the problems and solutions in preserving digital information. The Dspace archiving process is discussed and examples are used to highlight various data preservation scenarios.
http://www.spectrum.ieee.org/jul05/1568
IEEE Spectrum Online, 19 July 2005
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Historical Evolution of an Institutional E-prints Archive at the University of Glasgow
Nixon, William J In: Ariadne (Date Created: 8 Jul 2002) (United Kingdom)
This article describes the progress of the e-print archive at the University of Glasgow, including the aims of the archive, decisions about implementation, metadata and presentation. The article also notes the role of the library in encouraging submissions, providing advice on copyright, and arranging deposit, conversion of formats and review of metadata quality.
http://www.ariadne.ac.uk/issue32/eprint-archives/
Exploiting "Light-weight" Protocols and Open Source Tools to Implement Digital Library Collections and Services
Xiaorong Xiang
This article demonstrates that doing new, innovative things in libraries doesn't require inventing new technologies -- all one must do is to combine existing protocols and technologies in new ways. Using a combination of protocols such as OAI-PMH and SRU, along with tools like Perl and Swish-e, Xiang and Morgan describe how they created two new library services - from abstract
http://www.dlib.org/dlib/october05/morgan/10morgan.html
Historical Exploring Charging Models for Digital Cultural Heritage
Deegan, Marilyn; Tanner, Simon In: Ariadne (Date Created: 14 Jan 2003)
This article reports on a study into the pricing practices and policies in moving from analogue to digital photographic services, as surveyed from 51 UK and European cultural institutions. While creation and distribution of digital products is considered cheaper, none of the surveyed institutions fully recovered the costs of creation, management, storage and service provision from item sales. The article also notes that the costs of digital preservation were not able to be quantified or factored into sale price.
http://www.ariadne.ac.uk/issue34/tanner/
Fedora : an Architecture for Complex Objects and Their Relationships
Lagoze, Carl ; Payette, Sandy; Shin, Edwin; Wilper, Chris (Date Created: 07 Mar 2005)
This is a draft of a submission to the Journal of Digital Libraries Special Issue on Complex Objects. The article begins by describing the features of the recently released version 2.0 of Fedora. The bulk of the paper describes in detail the Fedora architecture for representing complex digital objects, the digital object model, the components of the server architecture and the Fedora relationship model which provides a framework for describing, storing and querying relationships among the objects. The paper concludes with future plans for the Fedora Project.
http://www.arxiv.org/abs/cs.DL/0501012
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Historical Fedora Project : An Open-source Digital Object Repository Management System
Payette, Sandra; Staples, Thornton; Wayland, Ross In: D-Lib magazine (Date Created: Apr 2003) (United States of America)
The FEDORA (Flexible Extensible Digital Object and Repository Architecture) Project, comprises 3 phases, the first phase of which is aimed at developing version 1.0 of the system, described in this article. The article discusses the basic architectural model of Fedora, the software, key features and some preliminary features of phases II and III. Four case studies illustrating the various ways of implementing Fedora repositories are also included.
http://www.dlib.org/dlib/april03/staples/04staples.html
Final Report on the Initial Development of the DSpace Federation
DSpace (Date Created: 30 Jun 2004) (United States of America)
This is the DSpace Federation Project's year-end 2004 report for the Mellon Foundation. Of interest is the case studies submitted by the participating universities.
http://dspace.org/federation/mellon-dspace.pdf
Historical IASSIST 2000 : Data in the Digital Library: social, spatial, and government data services: Electronic Presentation Archive
University of Chicago (Date Created: Jun 2000) (United States of America)
Presentations at the 26th conference of the International Association for Social Science Information Services and Technology (IASSIST) related to managing, preserving and providing access to digital collections in archives and libraries.
http://www.src.uchicago.edu/datalib/ia2000/presentations/presentation.
htm
Historical ICCC/IFIP Fourth International Conference on Electronic Publishing : Electronic Publishing in the Third Millennium
Kaliningrad State University/ICCC/IFIP (Date Created: Aug 2000) (Russia)
Abstracts available.
http://www.albertina.ru/elpub2000/
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Il Retaggio Multimediale fra Hardware, Software e Politiche Culturali
Ridi, Riccardo
In this article, Riccardo Ridi highlights the risks of media degradation and technological obsolescence of both software and hardware for digital material on physical media, and the risk of continuous change for networked material. Seven principles for dealing with these risks are proposed, including adoption of standard languages and software, creation of software, hardware and emulator libraries, preference for network distribution of digital publications and institution of a distributed digital archive for networked digital publications.
http://www.aib.it/aib/sezioni/veneto/ridi.htm
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Implementing a Reliable Digital Object Archive
Cooper, Brian; Crespo, Arturo; Garcia-Molina, Hector (Date Created: 26 Jun 2000)
This paper describes the implementation of a prototype digital repository, the Stanford Archival Vault (SAV), intended for the long-term preservation of digital objects, their metadata and software applications. It identifies unexpected challenges in indexing and configuration of replication in digital repositories and describes the mechanisms developed to address these challenges. The paper is available in several formats, including text, PostScript and PDF, or may be read online by selecting "Pagewise preview".
http://dbpubs.stanford.edu:8090/pub/2000-28
Historical Information Ecologies: the impact of new information 'species'
Electronic Libraries Programme (Date Created: Dec 1998) (United Kingdom)
A summary of this conference, held in York in December 1998, and organised by the Electronic Libraries Programme is followed by links to some of the conference presentations. Preservation issues are included as one of the strands of this conference.
http://www.ukoln.ac.uk/services/elib/events/information-ecologies/
Ingest Guide for University Electronic Records
Glick, Kevin; Wilczek, Eliot (Date Created: 30 Sep 2005)
The Digital Collections and Archives (DCA), Tufts University and Manuscripts and Archives (MSSA) of Yale University Library have released the Ingest Guide for University Electronic Records as a draft for comment. The Guide details a step by step approach to the ingest workflows required to ensure the trustworthiness and authenticity of records when they are transferred to a preservation system. The Guide has two sections. Section A, Negotiate Submission Agreement, which details the terms and conditions of the records transfer. Section B, Transfer and Validation, deals with the transfer, validation and transformation of records. Public input and comments will be accepted until December 15, 2005.
http://dca.tufts.edu/features/nhprc/reports/3_1_draftpublic2.pdf
Comments can be sent to Kevin Glick, Yale University, kevin.glick@yale.edu or Eliot Wilczek, Tufts University, eliot.wilczek@tufts.edu
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Historical Integrating a Free Digital Resource: The Status of Making of America in Academic Library Collections
Walker, Kizer In: RLG DigiNews (Date Created: 15 Feb 2002) (United States of America)
This article presents the results of a web-based survey on the institutional use and integration of MOA (Making of America) digital materials into collections and compares these results to actual usage as shown by web usage logs. A comparison to JSTOR usage and an interview with MOA project representatives at Cornell University and the University of Michigan regarding interoperability and long-term access are included.
http://digitalarchive.oclc.org/da/ViewObjectMain.jsp?fileid=0000070519
:000006287618&reqid=1358#feature2
Historical Intellectual Property Conservancies
Bearman, David In: D-Lib magazine (Date Created: Dec 2000)
An examination of the issues and challanges relating to the building of a digital library conservancy for the long-term preservation of and free access to donated or licensed intellectual property.
http://www.dlib.org/dlib/december00/bearman/12bearman-full.html
Interoperable Fabric for Scholarly Value Chains
Bekaert, Jeroen; Lagoze, Carl; Lin, Xiaoming; Payette, Sandy; Van de Sompel, Carl; Warner, Simeon In: D-Lib magazine (Date Created: Oct 2006)
http://www.dlib.org/dlib/october06/vandesompel/10vandesompel.html
JORUM Preservation Watch Report
Stevenson, Jane (Date Created: Jul 2005) (United Kingdom)
JORUM is a free online repository service for teaching and support staff in UK Further and Higher Education Institutions. This extensive report summarises current activities, standards and recommendations relating to digital preservation, with the aim of implementing a long term preservation strategy for learning objects within the JORUM learning object repository. The report includes a discussion of international preservation initiatives, centralised and decentralised preservation models, preservation policy, preservation metadata and case studies.
http://www.jorum.ac.uk/docs/pdf/Digital_Preservation_Report.pdf
The KB e-Depot Digital Archiving Policy
Oltmans, Erik; van Wijngaarden, Hilde (Date Created: 2006) (Netherlands)
This paper discusses the Koninklijke Bibliotheek's policy and ambitions for digital archiving of electronic publications. It provides an overview of the KB's e-depot repository and the requirement and potential for collaboration.
10.1108/07378830610715464
http://www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/07378830610715464
Also available in PDF and from Library Hi Tech ISSN 0737-8831 ; Volume: 24 Issue: 4; 2006 pp. 604-613
Keeping Electronic Records Accessible : How the Federal Archives of Germany Preserves the Digital Heritage of the German Democratic Republic : a Case Study
Hanger, Andrea (Date Created: 2006) (Germany)
The author introduces this case study by generally discussing the issues for the Federal Archives of Germany in the acquisition, preservation, accessibility, authenticity and reliability of electronic records. The case study is then used to illustrate that archivists must be involved early in the record life cycle so to encourage data producers to supply complete and accurate documentation and comprehensive audit trails. The author also concludes that METS may be a good way to preserve records over the long term.
http://archiwa.gov.pl/repository/wz/VII%20Konferencja/Papers/A_Hanger_
Keeping_Electronic_Records....pdf
Paper presented at the 7th European Conference on Archives, Warsaw, 18-20 May, 2006
Historical Levels of Service for Digital Repositories
LeFurgy, William G In: D-Lib magazine (Date Created: May 2002)
In this article, William LeFurgy of the US National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) outlines conditions governing persistence of digital objects, such as system architecture and material specification, and suggests a model for future levels of service for digital repositories, considering three levels of tools and processes and three levels of persistence of materials.
http://www.dlib.org/dlib/may02/lefurgy/05lefurgy.html
Lifecycle Information for E-literature : Full Report from the LIFE Project
Ayris, P.; McLeod, R.; Wheatley, P. (Date Created: Aug 2006) (United Kingdom)
The University College London (UCL) and the British Library (BL) have completed phase 1 of the LIFE project, a JISC funded project examining the costing of digital preservation activities. The LIFE Project developed a methodology for analysing and costing the elements of a digital object's lifecycle, including preservation. It then tested and refined this methodology by applying it to a number of case studies. These include Voluntary Deposit of e-materials at the BL, Web Archiving at the BL, and commercial eJournals at UCL. The report also includes the generic LIFE preservation model which is a tool for estimating the cost of various preservation activities. The report also identifies areas for future work
http://eprints.ucl.ac.uk/archive/00001854/01/LifeProjMaster.pdf
Long-Term Preservation of Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Liegmann, Hans (Date Created: 2003) (Germany)
This paper describes Die Deutsche Bibliotek's voluntary deposit system for ETDs (electronic theses and dissertations) using NEDLIB's process model and incorporating the Reference Model for an Open Archival Information System (OAIS). Issues discussed include preservation metadata, submission and transfer processes for ETDs and trusted digital repositories.
http://edoc.hu-berlin.de/etd2003/liegmann-hans/HTML/index.html
Looking Forward by Looking Back: APSR's Contribution to Future Repository Planning in Australia
Henty, Margaret; Burton, Adrian (Date Created: 06 Feb 2008) (Australia)
This paper reviews the work of the Australian Partnership for Sustainable Repositories Project which was established in 2004 and its contribution to the management of digital information in Australia during the 4 years of the project.
http://www.valaconf.org.au/vala2008/papers2008/118_Henty_Final.pdf
Available as PDF from VALA 2008: Libraries changing spaces, virtual places Conference Program
Making Certification Real : Developing Methodology for Evaluating Repository Trustworthiness
Dale, Robin L. In: RLG DigiNews (Date Created: Oct 2005) (United States of America)
This article discusses the audit and certification tools and processes being developed by the RLG-National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) Digital Repository Certification Task Force, which has released the Audit Checklist for Certifying Digital Repositories; and the Center for Research Libraries (CRL) Audit and Certification of Digital Archives project.
http://digitalarchive.oclc.org/da/ViewObject.jsp?objid=0000068925&reqi
d=396#article3
New Metadata for Digital Libraries: State of the Art and Future Directions
Gartner, Richard (Date Created: Apr 2008) (United Kingdom)
This JISC TechWatch report (19 p.) considers the need for standardisation and integration within the Library community and the importance of metadata to simplify user access. This report argues that existing standards based on XML (including METS) should be used to produce a coherent integrated metadata strategy for digital libraries.
http://www.jisc.ac.uk/media/documents/techwatch/tsw_0801pdf.pdf
JISC Technology and Standards Watch Report TSW080. Available in PDF, Word and OpenOffice formats from http://www.jisc.ac.uk/whatwedo/services/services_techwatch/techwatch/techwatch_ic_reports2005_publ
METS : Standardized Encoding for Digital Library Objects
McDonough, Jerome P. (Date Created: Feb 2006)
Description from abstract - METS is an XML document format intended for the encoding of complex objects within digital libraries. It provides the means to record all of the descriptive, administrative, structural and behavioral metadata needed to manage and provide access to complex digital content. While it was designed to promote interoperability of digital content between digital library systems and contribute to the preservation of digital library materials, a variety of practical barriers to achieving these goals remain. However, many of these obstacles are shared by other communities of practice, such as the eLearning community working on the IMS content packaging standards and the MPEG-21 community, and the digital library community faces a unique opportunity at the moment to work closely with others to try to improve the interoperability of our content not only with our own repository systems, but those being used by others.
http://www.springerlink.com/content/1665225r3412540x/
International Journal on Digital Libraries, Volume 6, Number 2 / April, 2006. Available via subscription
Mind the Gap : Assessing Digital Preservation Needs in the UK
Sharpe, Robert; Waller, Martin (Date Created: Feb 2006) (United Kingdom)
This extensive report uses information gathered from surveys and interviews as well as existing sources of information to reveal a digital preservation 'state of the nation' . The survey covered many types of institutions including government, financial, scientific as well as archives and libraries. The report identifies the current state of practice, UK digital preservation needs and recommendations.
http://www.dpconline.org/docs/reports/uknamindthegap.pdf
Mind the Gap : Digital Preservation Needs in the UK
Jones, Maggie; Semple, Najla In: Ariadne (Date Created: Jul 2006) (United Kingdom)
This article describes the background and outcomes of the UK Needs Assessment undertaken by the Digital Preservation Coalition (DPC) and the resulting Mind the Gap report.
http://www.ariadne.ac.uk/issue48/semple-jones/
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Historical Minimum Criteria for an Archival Repository of Digital Scholarly Journals (version 1.2, May 2000)
Digital Library Federation (Last Updated: 26 Jun 2001)
This document sets out 7 minimum criteria for a digital archival repository that acts to preserve digital scholarly publications. Closely based on the Open Archival Information System Reference Model, with modification to reflect the needs of libraries, publishers and academics, it includes key research issues associated with data deposit, preservation and access.
http://www.diglib.org/preserve/criteria.htm
National Library of New Zealand - Digital Library Development Review
Ross, Seamus (Date Created: 30 Jun 2003) (New Zealand)
The National Library of New Zealand Act 2003 requires the Library to “collect, preserve and make available New Zealand’s electronic documents”. This report, produced in response to the Act, seeks to identify and recommend areas of digital library development, so that the Library can satisfactorily fulfil its statutory responsibilities. Included in the report are areas addressing the need for the establishment of a digital repository for the long-term preservation of materials, and recommendations for the Library to use its role in supporting other libraries in the areas of digital preservation.
http://www.natlib.govt.nz/files/ross_report.pdf
New NDL Digital Archive Portal "PORTA" Started Full Scale Operation
National Diet Library (Japan) In: National Diet Library Newsletter (Date Created: Dec 2007) (Japan)
This article describes PORTA the National Diet Library Digital Archive Portal which provides access to 20 types of digital Archives (as of Oct 2007) to cooperating Institutions and the National Diet Library (NDL) digital archives.
http://www.ndl.go.jp/en/publication/ndl_newsletter/158/581.html
NEDCC Survey and Colloquium Explore Digitization and Digital Preservation Policies and Practices
Clareson, Tom In: RLG DigiNews (Date Created: Feb 2006) (United States of America)
This is a report on a USA national survey conduct