Management
Limit to:
Digital preservation policies | Risk management
Digital preservation management has been broadly defined 'as the managed activities necessary for ensuring the long-term retention and continued accessibility of digital materials' (Preservation Management of Digital Materials: A Handbook). Best practice in the management of digital resources will be achieved through the successful implementation of key processes, and leaders of digital preservation programs will need to develop expertise in a variety of management tasks.
In recent years, the 'risk management' approach to managing resources over the life-cycle has developed as an important model for guiding digital preservation administrators. Essentially a preventative model, risks to records are assessed at each stage of the cycle and responses planned accordingly (Risk Management of Digital Information: A File Format Investigation).
When administering digital preservation programs, some key skills include:
Technological awareness
Digital preservation is an area characterised by a high level of uncertainty, in which experimentation and discovery are employed in the search for preservation solutions. In order to effectively operate in such an environment, a high technological awareness is essential for the digital preservation manager. Managers need to keep pace with technological change, monitor trends in thinking about digital preservation issues, maintain an awareness of international standards, and be open to explore new methods of application. Appropriate knowledge bases can be developed through accessing of internet resources, subscription to discussion lists, networking, monitoring research and projects, and participation in state-of-the-art conferences. Management decisions need to be based on an informed viewpoint, including an awareness of the technological implications and the legal and political framework within which digital preservation initiatives may operate. Those managers with a well-developed understanding of problems and issues confronting digital preservation practitioners will be best placed to deliver innovative and appropriate solutions.
Decision-making
Choices need to be made at each step of a document's life-cycle and sound decision-making is an essential skill of the digital preservation manager. As Beagrie highlights, 'Digital preservation has many parallels with traditional preservation in matters of broad principle but differs markedly at the operational level and never more so than in the wide range of decision makers who play a crucial role at various stages in the life cycle of a digital resource' (Preservation Management of Digital Materials: A Handbook). Questions such as 'Which resources will be preserved?', 'In what order?', and 'By what method?' are central to the preservation process and the best answers will stem from informed and judicious reasoning (Risk Management of Digital Information: A File Format Investigation). And, since decisions made in
the present will have ramifications for the survival of resources into the future, digital preservation managers should always be forward-looking in their approach to choices made.
Planning
Planning is another significant component in the effective management of digital preservation programs. In order to minimise threats to survival of materials, a planned, rather than haphazard, approach is required. Managers need to assess potential risks to the longevity of digital materials and set up appropriate intervention programs to overcome any hazards. Planning begins at the document's creation stage, and should incorporate the recognition and assessment of needs, setting of agendas, identification of critical paths, and establishment of infrastructures in order to put plans into effect. The huge number of digital resources potentially requiring preservation means that priority will have to be given to certain tasks, and that strategies for identifying resources requiring migration or long-term preservation be put in place. At the same time, as the nature of the future digital world is unclear, an openness of perspective is important in the implementation of any program, so that it remains adaptable and flexible enough to respond to an ever-changing environment.
Leadership
Effective digital preservation programs will benefit from inspired and purposeful leadership. Given the many stakeholders, and their changing roles in the creation and maintenance of digital records, strong and pro-active leadership will assist in building cross-sectorial alliances, fostering collaboration, and obtaining the consensus necessary for the implementation of new preservation initiatives. Negotiating a clear path through the ever-changing digital environment also calls for a focussed perspective, and it is important that managers are mindful of the short, medium and long-term results of preservation actions. Predicting future directions, foreseeing dead ends, and motivating others to join initiatives, will all aid the development of responsive preservation strategies. In addition, the fostering of commitment from collaborators and identification of opportunities for funding and sponsorship will be critical to a preservation program's success in the prevailing climate of limited budget and resource allocations.
Monitoring and accountability
The monitoring of programs is another task underpinning successful digital preservation management. Many projects are experimental in nature, and managers need to regularly examine work being undertaken, overcoming barriers to objectives and evaluating outcomes, as well as identifying achievements and areas for further work. In some cases, programs may require further refinement or adaptation to suit changing needs. The multiplicity of tasks involved in the care of digital materials means that managers need to ensure that all aspects of the preservation programs are being addressed, and that important processes such as the collection of metadata and safeguarding the authenticity of records are not overlooked. In view of the many stakeholders involved, managers must also be mindful of their accountability to the diversity of groups and parties with interests vested in the creation and preservation of digital materials. Digital preservation initiatives should be undertaken in a spirit of collaboration, and at all times should high ethical standards be maintained, including in the sharing of ideas and proper allocation of resources.
Resource and skills management
Although the costs involved with digital preservation are difficult to quantify, they are generally envisaged to be significant. In order to maximise the use of available funding and staff, the skilful allocation of resources will be another important task of the digital preservation manager. This includes human resource management. As well as addressing their own education requirements, managers need to recognise the training needs of their staff, and, where necessary, develop appropriate education programs. This is particularly important as roles and responsibilities change, and new skills are required by staff at all levels.
Indexed under this topic are resources concerning the establishment and management of digital preservation programs at a broad level. Resources pertaining to the management of specific processes are covered under the corresponding topic, and preservation managers will need to acquaint themselves with all relevant resources on PADI.
Text last updated: Mar 2002
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-

Archiving the World Wide Web
Lyman, Peter
In: Building a National Strategy for Digital Preservation: Issues in Digital Media Archiving
(Date Created: Apr 2002)
(United States of America)
- A paper in the series of six environmental scans commissioned as part of the US National Digital Information Infrastructure and Preservation Program (NDIIPP), this article examines archiving the web from several perspectives. As well as technical issues, such as those involved in defining the digital object, authenticity and provenance and the technologies needed for preservation, the article considers the roles of librarians and computer scientists in managing digital material and organisational issues such as copyright and the responsibility to preserve.
- http://www.clir.org/pubs/reports/pub106/web.html
- The collected papers are also available in PDF format via: http://www.clir.org/pubs/abstract/pub106abst.html
-
Assessing Risks to Digital Cultural Heritage with DRAMBORA
Innocenti, Perla; McHugh, Andrew; Ross, Seamus
(Date Created: Sep 2008)
- This paper delivered at CIDOC Annual Conference 2008 (Athens 5-18 September), gives an overview of the development of the Digital Repository Audit Method Based on Risk Assessment DRAMBORA) toolkit and its methodology. It describes experiences and lessons learned from a series of 18 pilot assessment programmes undertaken internationally in diverse repositories.
- http://www.cidoc2008.gr/cidoc/Documents/papers/drfile.2008-06-18.50070
58695
-

Assessing the Durability of Formats in a Digital Preservation Environment : the INFORM Methodology
Stanescu, Andreas
In: D-Lib magazine
(Date Created: Nov 2004)
- INFORM (INvestigation of FOrmats based on Risk Management) was developed at the OCLC (Online Compter Library Center) as a methodology to measure the durability of various digital formats. The methodology includes six classes of risk, including software, hardware, digital object formats, migration processes, digital archive and associated organisations. Specific risk factors are identified in each of these classes. The article also describes the methodology of the measuring process, and how formats may be compared or evaluated with respect to risks affecting their preservation.
- 10.1045/november2004-stanescu
- http://www.dlib.org/dlib/november04/stanescu/11stanescu.html
- Carrots and Sticks: Some Ideas on How to Create a Successful Institutional Repository
Ferreira, Miguel; Rodrigues, Eloy; Baptista, Ana Alice; Saraiva, Ricardo
In: D-Lib magazine
(Date Created: Jan 2008)
(Portugal)
- This article describes the institutional repository of the University of Minho, Portugal and its strategic plan to overcome slow adoption and low deposit rates.
- http://dlib.ukoln.ac.uk/dlib/january08/ferreira/01ferreira.html
-

CEDARS Summative Evaluation: Final Report, April 2001
Coutts, Margaret; Owen, John Mackenzie; Veling, Solke
(Date Created: Apr 2001)
(United Kingdom)
- A summative evaluation of the first three years of the CEDARS project, examining objectives and outcomes and aiming to provide guidance for the final extension year of the project. The report is provided as a Microsoft Word document.
- http://www.leeds.ac.uk/cedars/admin/sumeval.doc
-

Change the Metaphor : The Archive as an Ecosystem
Coleman, David; Martin, Julia
In: JEP - The Journal of Electronic Publishing
(Date Created: Apr 2002)
- This article introduces a new metaphor for the processes in managing the preservation of digital archives, that of the ecosystem, and likens the survival of data against technological change to the processes of evolutionary adaptation - "an ongoing process of selection -- of media platforms, of preservation structures, of migratory patterns " to avoid "data extinction".
- http://hdl.handle.net/2027/spo.3336451.0007.301
-

Cornell University Library Digital Preservation Policy Framework
Cornell University Library
(Date Created: Dec 2004)
(United States of America)
- This policy document covers the mandate, objectives, roles and responsibilities, activities and priorities of the Cornell University Library's preservation program.
- http://commondepository.library.cornell.edu/cul-dp-framework.pdf
-
DARE : A New Age in Academic Information Provision in the Netherlands
Van der Vaart, Lilian
(Date Created: 01 Jul 2003)
(Netherlands)
- The DARE programme (Digital Academic Repositories), which runs from 2003-2006, was instigated in the Netherlands as a joint programme between all Dutch Universities, the National Library of the Netherlands, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and the Netherlands Organisation of Scientific Research. The aim of DARE, is to “ enable universities to better fulfil their own role and responsibility in the preservation and accessibility of the academic information produced in their own institute.” This paper describes the processes and developments of the first stage of the programme (up to June 2003).
- http://www.surffoundation.nl/download/Paper_EUNIS_2003.pdf
- This paper was given at the 9th International Conference of European University Information Systems (EUNIS) in Amsterdam, 4 July, 2003
- Data Management and the Curation Continuum: How the Monash Experience is Informing Repository Relationships
Harboe-Ree, Catherine; Treloar, Andrew
(Date Created: 5 Feb 2008)
(Australia)
- This paper given at the VALA 14 th Biennial Conference, 5-7 February 2008 in Melbourne describes work undertaken at Monash University on rethinking the role of repositories in supporting data management. It introduces the concepts of the "curation continuum", "curation boundary" and division of the repository environment into 3 domains (research, collaboration and public domains).
- http://www.valaconf.org.au/vala2008/papers2008/111_Treloar_Final.pdf
- Defining File Format Obsolescence : A Risky Journey
Pearson, David; Webb, Colin
In: International Journal of Digital Curation
(Date Created: Jul 2008)
(Australia)
- This paper describes the process of defining file format obsolescence at the National Library of Australia for the AONS II project which was undertaken in conjunction with the Australian Partnership for Sustainable Repositories. File format obsolescence is a major risk for digital repositories. The project refined a software tool to help managers decide if preservation action is required.
- http://www.ijdc.net/ijdc/article/view/76/78
- Developing a Profile for a National Long-term Preservation Policy
Severiens, Thomas
(Date Created: Apr 2006)
(Germany)
- This is a 6 page English summary of a document originally published in German (140 p.), "Zur Entwicklung eines Beschreibungsprofils Langzeit-Archivierungs-Strategie fur eine nationale (National long-term Preservation Policy) - ein Beitrag aus der Sicht der Wissenschaften". It is part of a series of 7 digital preservation papers commissioned by nestor. The document mainly discusses the scope of a national long-term preservation policy.
- http://www.langzeitarchivierung.de/downloads/mat/07_summary.pdf
- nestor studies; 7
- Developing the Skills to Support eResearch
Henty, Margaret
In: Ariadne
(Date Created: Apr 2008)
(Australia)
- This article reports on a study conducted in 2007 in Australia to "identify the range and types of skills required to undertake and support eResearch; to provide information on which to base proposals for future events, training and other means of skills development; and to provide information for institutions and government for consideration in relation to formal Higher Education and vocational training options".
- http://www.ariadne.ac.uk/issue55/henty/
- Digital Archive policies and Trusted Digital Repositories
Moore, Reagan W.; Smith, MacKenzie
(Date Created: Jun 2007)
(United States of America)
- This paper describes the PLEDGE project being conducted by the MIT Libraries, the San Diego Supercomputer Center, and the University of California San Diego Libraries. This project aims to determine the set of policies that affect operational digital preservation archives and to develop standardised rules which would potentially allow for automated “trustworthiness” assessment.
- http://www.ijdc.net/ijdc/article/view/27/30
- International Journal of Digital Curation Vol 2, no 1, 2007
-

Digital Asset Management Systems for the Cultural and Scientific Heritage Sector
DigiCULT Consortium
(Date Created: Dec 2002)
- The second of three thematic issue papers from the Preservation and Enhancement of Cultural Heritage Unit of the Information Society Directorate General of the European Commission Digital Assett Management Systems (DAMS) and their role in the cultural and scientific heritage communities. The journal includes papers that argue the need for DAMS to create renewable resources that can be managed through their entire life cycle, as well as listing system benifits and shortcoming of DAMS in the cultural heritage community. System designers, curators, digital collection managers and exponents of digitisation consider the role of the systems in the different sectors and highlight differing understandings and expectations.
- http://www.digicult.info/downloads/thematic_issue_2_021204_low_resolut
ion.pdf
- Digital Assets for the Next Millennium
Yakel, Elizabeth
(Date Created: 2004)
- This paper briefly discusses the main models for managing digital assets, including unit based, institutional and trusted digital repositories. It also describes the need for an evolution in the way of thinking so that digital objects are regarded as digital assets, thus acknowledging their long-term value.
- 10.1108/10650750410551424
- http://iris.emeraldinsight.com/rpsv/~1183/v20n3/s3/p102
- OCLC Systems & Services, Vol. 20, no. 3, 2004, pp. 102-105, ISSN 1065-075X. Also available online via subscription.
- Digital Curation
Yakel, Elizabeth
(Date Created: 2007)
- This article discusses and defines "digital curation" as an umbrella term that includes digital preservation, data curation, electronic records management, and digital asset management.
- http://www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/10650750710831466
- Also available in PDF and from OCLC Systems & Services ISSN: 1065-075X Volume: 23 Issue: 4, 2007 pp: 335 - 340
- Digital Curation: Should we be Prepared to Face a Future Without Digital Curation?
Burnhill, Peter
(Date Created: 2004)
(United Kingdom)
- This article focuses on the Digital Curation Centre (DCC) in the UK. The main aim of the DCC is to support UK institutions to actively manage, as well as to store and preserve digital data for long-term access. Included in the article is an critical examination of issues regarding scholarly data, description of the key objectives of the centre and an overview of the DCC’s main research priorities.
- http://www.researchinformation.info/rimayjun04digitalcuration.html
- Available in Research Information, May/June 2004, Issue 11
- Digital Image Asset Management at the National Gallery of Art (US)
Dueker, Peter; Newman, Alan
In: RLG DigiNews
(Date Created: 15 Dec 2006)
(United States of America)
- This article provides an overview of the National Gallery of Art's digital asset management strategy and system.
- http://digitalarchive.oclc.org/da/ViewObjectMain.jsp?fileid=0000070511
:000006283368&reqid=7420#article2
-

Digital Library SunSITE Collection and Preservation Policy
University of California, Berkeley
In: Berkeley Digital Library SunSITE
(Date Created: 6 Jul 1996)
(United States of America)
- This paper is a discussion of the collecting levels of the Digital Library SunSITE and its preservation policy. The policy includes a description of four levels of collecting (and preserving) digital materials: archiving, serving, mirroring and linking.
- http://sunsite.berkeley.edu/Admin/oldcollection.html
- Digital Preservation Activities in the UK: Building the Infrastructure
Jones, Maggie
(Date Created: Aug 2003)
(United Kingdom)
- This article provides an overview of the developments and activities in digital preservation in the United Kingdom – from the Joint Information Systems Committee (JISC) and British Library-hosted workshop at the University of Warwick in 1995 up until the present day. Included are summaries of the Cedars and CAMiLEON projects, the JISC Continuing Access and Digital Preservation Strategy (2002-2005), the work of the British Library and the National Archives as well as the Digital Preservation Coalition.
- http://www.ifla.org/IV/ifla69/papers/129e-Jones.pdf
- This paper was given at the World Library and Information Congress: 69th IFLA General Conference and Council, 1-9 August, 2003 in Berlin
-
Digital Preservation and Deep Infrastructure
Stewart Granger
In: D-Lib magazine
(Date Created: Feb 2002)
- This article aims to explain the concept of the term 'deep infrastructure' when applied to Digital Preservation. The author presents a 'picture' of deep infrastructure, and then dissusses the various aspects. An approach that incorporates both practical and strategic methods to achieving 'deep infrastructure' are advocated.
- http://www.dlib.org/dlib/february02/granger/02granger.html#
-

Digital Preservation for Museums : Recommendations
Au Yeung, Tim
(Date Created: Oct 2004)
(Canada)
- This paper extends a section of a previous publication, Digital Preservation Best Practice for Museums. The document contains two main sections, action recommendations and broader recommendations. It also contains a checklist to help in the creation of digital preservation policies for museums.
- http://www.chin.gc.ca/English/Digital_Content/Preservation_Recommendat
ions/index.html
- Also available in PDF format via http://www.chin.gc.ca/English/Digital_Content/Preservation_Recommendations/pdf.html
- DINI Institutional Repository Certification and Beyond.
Dobratz, Susanne ; Scholze, Frank
(Date Created: Feb 2006)
(Germany)
- This paper presented at 8th Bielefeld Conference (7-9 February, Bielefeld, Germany) provides an overview of institutional repositories which support Open Access in Germany and describes the DINI Certificate 2006 which was developed by DINI, the German initiative for Networked Information.
- http://conference.ub.uni-bielefeld.de/2006/proceedings/dobratz_scholze
_final_web.pdf
- Also published in Library Hi-Tech, Vol 24, No 4, 2006, pp 583-594.
-
DPC Forum: Preservation of e-Learning Materials and Cost Models for Digital Preservation
Granger, Stewart
(Date Created: 15 Oct 2002)
(United Kingdom)
- A report and summary of the Digital Preservation Coalition's forum on the preservation of electronic learning materials and digital preservation cost models, held in London on 15th October, 2002. Links to the presentation slides (in PDF format) are available.
- http://www.dpconline.org/graphics/events/elearning.html
- Dreaming Data : The Library's Role in Supporting eResearch and Data Management
Henty, Margaret
(Date Created: Sep 2008)
(Australia)
- This paper given at the Dreaming08, ALIA Biennial Conference, 2-5 September 2008 at Alice Springs, examines the capabilities and skills required within research institutions to manage, use and re-use data as shown by the Skills for eResearch Project undertaken by APSR in 2007.
- http://conferences.alia.org.au/alia2008/pdfs/213.TT.pdf
- Electronic Records Management and Digital Preservation: Protecting the Knowledge Assets of the State Government Enterprise. Part II Economic Legal and Organizational Issues
NASCIO:Representing Chief Information Officers of the States
(Date Created: Jul 2007)
(United States of America)
- This research brief is the second in the NASCIO series highlighting key challenges and recommendations on electronic records management and digital preservation for U.S. state CIOs. This brief outlines the associated economic, legal and organisational issues.
- http://www.nascio.org/publications/documents/NASCIO-RecordsManagementP
art2.pdf
- Available for download in PDF.
- Electronic Records Management and Digital Preservation: Protecting the Knowledge Assets of the State Government Enterprise: Part I: Background, Principles and Action for State CIOs
NASCIO:Representing Chief Information Officers of the States
(Date Created: May 2007)
(United States of America)
- The first part in NASCIO series of research briefs highlighting key issues in electronic records management and making recommendations to U.S. state CIOs. This brief provides background and basic advice encouraging the creation of an electronic records management and digital preservation domain under the Enterprise Architecture program.
- http://www.nascio.org/publications/documents/NASCIO-RecordsManagement.
pdf
- Available for download in PDF
- Electronic Records Management and Digital Preservation: Protecting the Knowledge Assets of the State Government Enterprise: Part III Management Leads and Technology Follows - but Collaboration is King
NASCIO:Representing Chief Information Officers of the States
(Date Created: Oct 2007)
(United States of America)
- This research brief is the third in a series highlighting key issues for the U.S. state CIO in electronic records management and digital preservation. This brief explores the shared responsibility for management of digital assets in state government.
- http://www.nascio.org/publications/documents/NASCIO-RecordsManagementP
art3.pdf
- Available for download in PDF.
-
ePrints UK : Developing a National E-Prints Archive
Martin, Ruth
In: Ariadne
(Date Created: 2003)
(United Kingdom)
- ePrints UK is a two year project which aims to provide the higher and further education sector access to and preservation of the e-print papers available from compliant open archive repositories. This paper provides a brief overview of the ePrints UK project, including technical issues such as database development and SOAP (Simple Object Access Protocol) interfaces and non technical issues such as intellectual property rights and insufficient repositories from which to harvest records.
- http://www.ariadne.ac.uk/issue35/martin
-

Guide to Social Science Data Preparation and Archiving
Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research (ICPSR)
(Last Updated: 2005)
- This is ICPSR's (Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research) guide to the task of preparing data for deposit in a public archive. It is mostly focused on quantitative data generated by statistical software like SPSS or SAS. Third edition 2005.
- http://www.icpsr.umich.edu/access/dataprep.pdf
- Heritage Map Digitisation : an Adventure in Applying Aspects of Digital Preservation Policy
Firth, Shirley; McGrath, Peter
(Date Created: Feb 2006)
(Australia)
- This paper describes the heritage map digitisation project at the State Library of Victoria (SLV) called the Melbourne and Metropolitan Board Maps Digitising Project. The project is used as a practical example of how the SLV's digital preservation policy was applied including image capture standards, image metadata and future proofing principles. The article also discusses challenges and outcomes of the project.
- http://www.valaconf.org.au/vala2006/papers2006/36_McGrath_Final.pdf
-
Information Preservation : Changing Roles
Arp, Charles E.; Dickman, Joseph C.
(Date Created: 2002)
- This article discusses the long-term management of electronic records and the changing role of records managers, who must now ensure that preservation and accessiblity are planned when the record is created not when data is ready to be archived. The most important characteristics of records for long term preservation- reliability, authenticity and accessibility- are discussed. The long term management of electronic records is also discussed within the context of risk analysis.
- http://www.arma.org/bookstore/productdetail.cfm?ProductID=1268
- in, Information Management Journal (1535-2897), November/December, 2002 free online to members and small charge to non-members from ARMA bookstore.
- KB e-Depot Digital Archiving Policy
Oltmans, Erik; van Wijngaarden, Hilde
(Date Created: 2006)
(Netherlands)
- This paper discusses the Koninklijke Bibliotheek's policy and ambitions for digital archiving of electronic publications. It provides an overview of the KB's e-depot repository and the requirement and potential for collaboration.
- http://www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/07378830610715464
- Also available in PDF and from Library Hi Tech ISSN 0737-8831 ; Volume: 24 Issue: 4; 2006 pp. 604-613
-
Keepers of the Crumbling Culture : What Digital Preservation Can Learn From Library History
Friedlander, Amy; Marcum, Deanna
In: D-Lib magazine
(Date Created: May 2003)
- This article uses the preservation issues of the past to illustrate contemporary preservation issues. The authors contend that some lessons learnt in managing print preservation are also generally applicable in managing digital preservation. The article also raises other consequences of new preservation technologies such as content ownership and responsibility for preservation.
- http://www.dlib.org/dlib/may03/friedlander/05friedlander.html
-
Levels of Service for Digital Repositories
LeFurgy, William G
In: D-Lib magazine
(Date Created: May 2002)
- In this article, William LeFurgy of the US National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) outlines conditions governing persistence of digital objects, such as system architecture and material specification, and suggests a model for future levels of service for digital repositories, considering three levels of tools and processes and three levels of persistence of materials.
- http://www.dlib.org/dlib/may02/lefurgy/05lefurgy.html
- The LIFE Model v1.1. Discussion Paper.
Ayris, Paul; Davies, Richard; Mcleod, Rory; Shenton, Helen; Wheatley, Paul
(Date Created: Oct 2007)
(United Kingdom)
- This discussion paper is a revision of the LIFE model which was first published in 2006. The model outlines common processes applied to digital objects during their lifecycle. Issued for public comment comments close 8 Jan 2008.
- http://eprints.ucl.ac.uk/archive/00004831/
-

Long-Term Management Issues in the Preservation of Electronic Information
Exon, Maggie
(Date Created: Nov 1995)
- Defining "long term" to be "at least several centuries", Exon discusses the issues of selection for preservation and usage, and the allocation of responsibilities for preserving digital information.
- http://www.nla.gov.au/niac/meetings/npo95me.html
- Long-term Preservation and Permanent Access: How to Ensure the Long-term Reuse Value of Your Digital Assets
van Wijngaarden, Hilde
(Date Created: 2007)
(Netherlands)
- This article stresses that Digital Asset Management should focus not only on storage and high quality retrieval of digital collections, but also on digital preservation. It describes how digital preservation has been taken up by libraries and archives with a special focus on the e-Depot at the National Library of the Netherlands (Koninklijke Bibliotheek, KB).
- http://www.palgrave-journals.com/dam/journal/v3/n2/abs/3650064a.html
- Journal of Digital Asset Management ISSN 1743-6559 (2007) 3, 102-109
-

Long-Term Preservation of Authentic Electronic Records: Findings of the InterPARES Project
International Research on Permanent Authentic Records in Electronic Systems (InterPARES)
- This page provides links to the findings of the first stage of the InterPARES project (International Research on Permanent Authentic Records in Electronic Systems) which ran from 1999 to 2001. As well as a description of the project, there are reports from the Task Forces investigating authenticity, selection, long-term preservation and policies, strategies and standards. Additional resources include a glossary, diagrams of the selection and preservation functions and a template for record analysis. The reports are in PDF format.
- http://www.interpares.org/book/index.cfm
- Managing Digital Assets : a Primer for Library and Information Technology Administration
Council on Library and Information Resources
(Date Created: Feb 2005)
(United States of America)
- These are the papers presented at a CLIR (Council on Library and Information Resources) workshop for library and information technology administrators. Includes presentations on the National Preservation Infrastructure, Curation and Dspace. Also includes a reading list on topics covered by the workshop.
- http://www.clir.org/activities/registration/feb05_managing.html
- Papers presented at the CLIR workshop for library and information technology administrators, 4-6 February, 2005.
-

Managing Digital Collections: AHDS Policies, Standards and Practices.
Beagrie, N.; Greenstein, D.; Pressler, C.
(Date Created: Dec 1998)
(United Kingdom)
- This publication, within the Managing Digital Collections series, is being revised to reflect changing technologies, emerging best practice, and experience. The AHDS has adopted a standards based approach to fulfilling its aims of preservation, access, consistency and interoperability and therefore standards form a major focus of this publication.
- http://ahds.ac.uk/collections.doc
- Mitigating Risk of Data Loss in Preservation Environments
Chadduck, Robert ; JaJa, Joseph F. ; Moore, Reagan W.
(Date Created: Apr 2005)
(United States of America)
- This paper describes approaches to minimise the risk of data loss and to preserve authenticity and integrity within a preservation environment. It describes Grid Bricks and Data Grids and uses the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) research prototype persistent archive as an example of how they are used.
- http://www.storageconference.org/2005/papers/04_moorer_risk.pdf
-

National Archives Green Paper : An Approach to the Preservation of Digital Records
Davis, Simon; Heslop, Helen; Wilson, Andrew
(Date Created: Dec 2002)
(Australia)
- This paper discusses the National Archives approach to digital preservation, specifically in relation to the Agency to Researcher Digital Preservation Project. Areas covered include the fundamental nature of digital records, problems of digital preservation, approaches to preservation such as migration and emulation and XML as an archival data format.
- Available as PDF from this URL
-
National Science Foundation Digital Government Research Program' s Role in the Long-term Preservation of Digital Materials
Larry Brandt; Sue Stendebach; Valerie Gregg
In: RLG DigiNews
(Last Updated: 15 Oct 2002)
(United States of America)
- A paper stating the current progress, ongoing development and future directions of the United States National Science Foundation’s (NSF) Digital Government Research Program. The program is working collaboratively with a number of government agencies to establish a research program that could ensure the long-term preservation of digital materials. The recommendations of a workshop in April 2002 suggesting specific research needs are also discussed.
- http://digitalarchive.oclc.org/da/ViewObjectMain.jsp?fileid=0000070513
:000006284447&reqid=2789#feature2
- NEDCC Survey and Colloquium Explore Digitization and Digital Preservation Policies and Practices
Clareson, Tom
In: RLG DigiNews
(Date Created: Feb 2006)
(United States of America)
- This is a report on a USA national survey conducted by the NEDCC (Northeast Document Conservation Center) to assess the digital preservation readiness of cultural heritage institutions. The survey was the first step in a project that ultimately aims to develop a digital preservation needs assessment methodology. Conclusions from the survey observe that most respondents are creating and collecting digital
materials, yet less than a third have policies in place that specifically address digital materials.
- http://worldcat.org/arcviewer/1/OCC/2007/08/08/0000070511/viewer/file1
629.html#article1
-
New Model Scholarship : How will it survive?
Smith, Abby
(Date Created: Mar 2003)
- This CLIR report discusses the issues in preserving digital scholarly resources. 'New model scholarship' is defined as those resources that are born digital, such as web sites, that will be of use to future researchers. The report looks at organisational approaches to preserving digital content and includes, as appendices, a review of organisational models for digital archiving and a survey of current research, practices and understanding of digital preservation in the United States.
- ISBN: 1887334998
- http://www.clir.org/pubs/abstract/pub114abst.html
- Available online as full text or PDF, or for purchase in print
- Preservation and Management Strategies for Exceptionally Large Data Formats: 'Big Data'. EH Project No. 3984. Final 1.03.
Austin, Tony; Mitcham, Jenny
(Date Created: 28 Sep 2007)
(United Kingdom)
- This is the final report of a project looking at the preservation and management strategies for large data sets such as those produced in archaeological research including LIDAR, 3D Laser Scanning, Maritime Survey and Digital Video produced during archaeological surveys.Suitability for long term preservation of such data formats is considered.
- http://ads.ahds.ac.uk/project/bigdata/final_report/bigdata_final_repor
t_1.3.pdf
-
Preservation Management: Between Policy and Practice
Koninklijke Bibliotheek
(Date Created: Apr 1999)
Reviewed by: Preservation Management: Keeping What We Have
- Conference held at the Koninklijke Bibliotheek, The Hague, 19-21 April 1999 - PDF of abstracts available from this site.
- http://www.knaw.nl/ecpa/PUBL/abstracts.pdf
-
Preservation Management: Keeping What We Have
de Lusenet, Yola
In: D-Lib magazine
(Date Created: Jun 1999)
- Review of the conference, 'Preservation Management: between policy and practice' which took place at the Koninklijke Bibliotheek in April 1999 and was organised by IFLA-PAC, the ECPA and the Koninklijke Bibliotheek.
- http://www.dlib.org/dlib/june99/06clips.html
- D-Lib Magazine Vol. 5, No. 6
- Preservation of and Permanent Access to Electronic Information Resources : a System Perspective
Hodge, Gail
(Date Created: 2005)
- This paper describes a framework for archiving and preservation called the Open Archival Information System Reference Model (OAIS RM) which can be used to evaluate requirements for local implementations. The framework includes production and creation of electronic information, acquisition and collection development, metadata for preservation, formats for preservation and preservation planning. The paper then identifies several currently available systems.
- http://portal.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=1239251.1239257&coll=GUIDE&dl=GU
IDE&CFID=683036&CFTOKEN=28991428
- Information Services & Use; ISSN 0167-5265, 2005, Vol. 25 Issue 1, p47-57. and by subscription online at www.ebscohost.com
-
Preservation Policies and Digitisation in Greek Libraries and Archives : An Investigation of Issues and Implications
Bounia, Alexandra; Gkinni, Zoitsa; Pavlogeorgatos, Gerasimos
(Date Created: Sep 2008)
(Greece)
- This paper delivered at the 2008 Annual Conference of CIDOC (Athens, September 15 – 18, 2008) presents the results of research about the current preservation status of the General State Archives and the Municipal Libraries in Greece in the context of current digitisation projects and the potential to sustainably support digitised collections.
- http://www.cidoc2008.gr/cidoc/Documents/papers/drfile.2008-06-18.31954
92503
-

Preservation Risk Management for Web Resources: Virtual Remote Control in Cornell's Project Prism
Botticelli, Peter; Entlich, Richard; Kenney, Anne R; Lagoze, Carl; McGovern, Nancy Y; Payette, Sandra
In: D-Lib magazine
(Last Updated: 21 Jan 2002)
(United States of America)
- This article provides an overview of Project Prism at Cornell University, through which a non-custodial, distributed model for archiving is being explored. Among its aims is to use automated strategies to monitor and validate resource integrity, in a risk-based preservation management program.
- http://www.dlib.org/dlib/january02/kenney/01kenney.html
- D-Lib Magazine , Vol. 8, No. 1
- Preserving Digital Information at the BnF: The SPAR Project
Ledoux, Thomas
(Date Created: Aug 2008)
(France)
- This article provides an overview of the context, infrastructure and preservation elements of SPAR, the distributed and preservation system developed at the Bibliothèque nationale de France (BnF).
- http://www.ifla.org/VI/4/news/ipnn45.pdf
- International Preservation News No. 45, August 2008, pp. 25-26.
- Preserving State Government Digital Information: A Baseline Report
Burke, G. Brian; Kwon, Hyuckbin; Pardo, Theresa A.
(Date Created: 26 Jul 2006)
(United States of America)
- "This report provides a baseline for [U.S.] state government digital information preservation capabilities and activities. It includes an analysis of the results across states and territories and presents several observations on the current digital preservation environment based on CTG’s 2006 State Government Digital Information Preservation Survey."
- http://www.ctg.albany.edu/publications/reports/digital_preservation_ba
seline
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Publishing in the Knowledge Economy: Competitiveness Analysis of the UK Publishing Media Sector
Pira International
(Date Created: 2002)
(United Kingdom)
- This report is an e-commerce impact assessment of the UK publishing media commissioned by the UK Department of Trade and Industry (DTI) and co-managed by the DTI and UK Publishing Media (UKPM). Chapter 17 concerns digital media and recommends that the archiving of digital research should be organised at national level by the government. The whole report, individual chapters, or an executive summary can be downloaded in PDF.
- http://www.publishingmedia.org.uk/download/02dti_competitive_analysis.
pdf
-

Report on the Cedars Final Workshop
CEDARS Project; Day, Michael; Jones, Maggie
(Date Created: 22 Apr 2002)
(United Kingdom)
- This invitation-only workshop was the final event hosted by the Cedars project before it closed. The workshop had a focus primarily on the work of Cedars but also included the work of CAMiLEON. The purpose of the workshop was to highlight the work of Cedars over the preceding four years, to provide a forum for debate and discussion on what the project had achieved and what should happen next, and to bring together the main beneficiaries of the project (CURL librarians) with representatives from the publishing community and other key decision makers.
- http://www.leeds.ac.uk/cedars/pubconf/umist/finalWorkshopRep.html
- Risk and the Preservation Management of Digital Collections
Clifton, Gerard
(Date Created: Sep 2005)
(Australia)
- This article discusses the risks to digital materials and ways to reduce and manage these risks. The risk areas discussed include media degradation; data, files and formats issues; collection level factors, such as lack of metadata; organisational factors and external factors.
- http://www.ifla.org/VI/4/news/ipnn36.pdf
- International Preservation News No. 36, September 2005. pp. 21-23.
- Risk Carriers - The Risk Faced by Handheld Media
McLeod, Rory
(Date Created: 01 Jul 2008)
(United Kingdom)
- This paper discusses risks related to physical carriers and risk assessment and approaches to dealing with the problems at the British Library by the Digital Preservation Team.
- http://www.ifla.org/IV/ifla74/papers/084-McLeod-en.pdf
- World Library and Information Congress: 74th IFLA General Conference and Council, Quebec, 10-14 Aug 2008
-
Risk Communication Tool
ERPANET (Electronic Resources Preservation and Access Network)
(Date Created: Sep 2003)
- This brief paper is an introduction to the concepts and principles of risk mangement within the context of digital preservation. It provides an overview to help identify which digital resources are at risk in an organisation and to identify, categorise and prioritise the associated risks, to enable communication about risk areas and to stimulate risk management strategy development. It includes an example of a matrix for risk evaluation.
- http://www.erpanet.org/guidance/docs/ERPANETRiskTool.pdf
-

Risk Management for Web Resources : a Case Study on Southeast Asian Web Sites
Botticelli, Peter
In: RLG DigiNews
(Date Created: 15 Feb 2003)
- This contribution to Project Prism is a case study of 54 web sites of political and non-profit organisations in Southeast Asia. The sites were selected for their value as candidates for long term preservation. One year was spent identifying and studying risk management issues. The article discusses the problems encountered in monitoring the web sites, how the sites were monitored and the danger signs indicating content loss.
- http://worldcat.org/arcviewer/1/OCC/2007/08/08/0000070511/viewer/file5
81.html#feature2
- Risk Management Foundations for Digital Libraries: DRAMBORA (Digital Repository Audit Method Based on Risk Assessment)
Innocenti, Perla; McHugh, Andrew; Ross, Seamus; Ruusalepp, Raivo
(Date Created: 20 Sep 2007)
- This paper proposes the use of the DRAMBORA audit toolkit to ensure the digital preservation capabilities of digital libraries. The paper describes the development of the toolkit and considers its potential use in the context of digital libraries.
- http://www.delos.info/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=597&It
emid=328#programOK
- Risk Management Infokit
oint Information Systems Committee (JISC)
(United Kingdom)
- JISC infoNet has developed a risk management framework tailored to the needs of the education sector which, whilst primarily aimed at projects, can be adapted for any institutional need. infoKits are core resources, covering key frameworks and topics relating to planning and implementing information systems. These are complemented by applied infoKits which use the generic frameworks and apply them to specific types of implementation.
- http://www.jiscinfonet.ac.uk/InfoKits/risk-management
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Risk Management of Digital Information : A File Format Investigation
Arms, Caroline R.
In: RLG DigiNews
(Date Created: 15 Jun 2000)
(United States of America)
- This article is a review of the CLIR sponsored Cornell University Library study of the same name. The study concentrated on migration as a digital preservation strategy. There were seen to be three different categories of risk related to the infrastructure, file format and conversion process. Different methods and tools were applied to assess risk included workbooks, reader software and test migrations. It was found that risk could be quantified and access to the original file format specifications was crucial to evaluating risks.
- http://worldcat.org/arcviewer/1/OCC/2007/08/08/0000070513/viewer/file1
579.html#technical1
- Security of Digital Collections: The BnF Distributed Archiving & Preservation System (SPAR) Operating Safety & Reliability
Chilloh, Adoté
(Date Created: Aug 2008)
(France)
- This article describes operating safety, reliability and risk management applied to SPAR, the distributed archiving and preservation system developed at the Bibliothèque nationale de France (BnF).
- http://www.ifla.org/VI/4/news/ipnn45.pdf
- International Preservation News No. 45 August 2008 pp 21-24
- Supporting Digital Preservation and Asset Management in Institutions
Carpenter, Leona
In: Ariadne
- This article describes a JISC (Joint Information Systems Committee) program which is intended to raise awareness of digital preservation issues in the Higher and Further Education sectors of the UK. A series of eleven projects were funded, involving nineteen institutions and varying in length from six to twenty-four months. The projects will have been completed by 2007. The program is designed to foster closer integration of digital preservation and asset management and is developed around three themes - Institutional Management Support and Collaboration, Digital Preservation Assessment Tools and Institutional Repository Infrastructure Development.
- http://www.ariadne.ac.uk/issue43/carpenter/
- Survey of Digital Cultural Heritage Initiatives and Their Sustainability Concerns
Zorich, Diane M.
(Date Created: Jun 2003)
(United States of America)
- This report is based on a survey of North American Digital Cultural Heritage Initiatives (DCHIs) conducted in 2002. The purpose of the survey was to identify the scope, financing, organizational structure, and sustainability of DCHIs. Issues including preservation of digital resources and intellectual property rights are discussed.
- http://www.clir.org/pubs/reports/pub118/contents.html
- Sustainable Preservation of Digital Assets in a University
University of Glasgow
(Date Created: 11 Feb 2005)
(United Kingdom)
- This is a report of the Espida workshop held in February 2005. The aim of the workshop was to launch Espida and to create awareness of the need for sustainable digital preservaton.
- http://www.gla.ac.uk/espida/events/Initial%20workshop/espida_report_fi
nal.pdf
- Report of a workshop held on 11th February 2005 at Wolfson Medical Building, University of Glasgow
- Task Force on Digital Repository Certification
Research Libraries Group
(Last Updated: Dec 2005)
(United States of America)
- A joint task force created by RLG and NARA, as part of ongoing work with the OAIS reference model. The Task Force was charged to consult regarding standards, criteria, and mechanisms for certification, identify certifiable elements, create a standard certification process or framework, develop a certification plan and identify the conditions for revocation of certification. In 2005 the task force published a draft checklist for certifying digital repositories and invited public comment. he final report is available from the Center for Research Libraries.
- http://www.oclc.org/programs/ourwork/past/repositorycert.htm
- Towards an Open Source Repository and Preservation System: Recommendations on the Implementation of an Open Source Digital Archive and Preservation System and on Related Software Development
Blackall, Chris; Bradley, Kevin; Lei, Junran
(Date Created: Jun 2007)
- This report was commissioned by the UNESCO Memory of the World Programme Sub Committee on Technology to survey Open Source Repository and Preservation Software, to analyse existing gaps and to make recommendations for the development and packaging of an Open Source Digital Preservation System. The document defines the requirements for a digital archive and preservation system using standard hardware and describes a set of open source software that could be used to implement it.
- http://portal.unesco.org/ci/en/files/24700/11824297751towards_open_sou
rce_repository.doc/towards_open_source_repository.doc
- Available for download from http://portal.unesco.org/ci/en/ev.php-URL_ID=24700&URL_DO=DO_TOPIC&URL_SECTION=201.html
-

Towards Collection Management Guidance
Ellis Weinberger
(Date Created: 1 Jun 2000)
(United Kingdom)
- This paper contains guidelines for the modification of collection management policies to help ensure preservation of digital objects. This paper has been incorporated into the CEDARS Guide to Digital Collection Management.
- http://www.leeds.ac.uk/cedars/documents/CIW02r.htm
-

Virtual Remote Control : Building a Preservation Risk Management Toolbox for Web Resources
Buckley, Ellie; Entlich, Richard; Kehoe, William R.; Kenney, Anne R.; McGovern, Nancy Y.
In: D-Lib magazine
(Date Created: Apr 2004)
(United States of America)
- Importance of Internet archiving was brought to public attention after material archived by the Wayback Machine was accepted in the US court. Cultural institutions face legal as well as technical challenges when they attempt to archive the Internet and much of the content is therefore lost. Cornell University Library's Virtual Remote Control (VRC) initiative differs from most web archiving projects by its emphasise on monitoring websites over time, with capture being used only as a last resort. The process is envisaged to be fully automated in the future via a Toolbox software that is being developed, but at present considerable human input is necessary.
- http://www.dlib.org/dlib/april04/mcgovern/04mcgovern.html
- Why Digital Asset Management? A Case Study
Chun, Susan; Jenkins, Michael
In: RLG DigiNews
(Date Created: 15 Dec 2006)
(United States of America)
- This article looks at the Met Images Project, a 3 year digital asset management project undertaken by The Metropolitan Museum of Art.
- http://digitalarchive.oclc.org/da/ViewObjectMain.jsp?fileid=0000070511
:000006283368&reqid=7420#article1
- Your Data at Risk : Why You Should be Worried About Preserving Electronic Records
National Council on Archives
(Date Created: Sep 2005)
(United Kingdom)
- This document was launched at the Society of Archivists Conference 2005 in Norwich. It explains the main issues concerning digital preservation and its urgency, and suggests strategies to help establish a digital preservation capability. It also lists sources of further help and assistance. The document is aimed at managers and administrators.
- http://www.ncaonline.org.uk/materials/yourdataatrisk.pdf
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- Digital Preservation in the Regions : Sample Survey of Digital Preservation Preparedness and Needs of Organisations at Local and Regional Levels : An Assessment Carried out from December 2004 to March 2005
Simpson, Duncan
(Date Created: Jun 2005)
(United Kingdom)
- This report, published by the Museums, Libraries and Archives Council (MLA) and Digital Preservation Coalition (DPC), is the result of a survey of non-national museums, libraries and archives in two English regions to gauge their awareness and preparedness in handling the long-term preservation of digital material. The report indicates that awareness raising on the whole issue of digital preservation is needed, and presents 14 action points that institutions and the MLA / DPC can take to promote better practice.
- ISBN: 190374380X
- http://www.mla.gov.uk/resources/assets//M/mla_dpc_survey_pdf_6636.pdf
- A DRIVER's Guide to European Repositories: Five Studies of Important Digital Repository Related Issues and Good Practices
Waaijers, Leo; Weenink, Kasja
(Date Created: 16 Jan 2008)
(Netherlands)
- This 215 page guide is intended as a practical guide for repository managers and institutions establishing a digital repository at the local or national level. It focuses on five aspects: the business plan, intellectual property rights, storing research data, curation of data and long-time conservation of data.
- ISBN: 9789053564110
- http://dare.uva.nl/document/93898
- Also available in print from Amsterdam University Press
-

Handbook for Digital Projects : A Management Tool for Preservation and Access
Sitts, Maxine K (Ed)
(Date Created: Dec 2000)
(United States of America)
- A web resource providing information on the issues surrounding the digital conversion of collection materials. With contributions from many of the School for Scanning series presenters, it provides information on project selection and management, technical and copyright considerations, digital longevity and includes commentary on the transformation in scholarly access and preservation tenets required to fully utilize and maintain digital images.
- ISBN: 0-9634685-4-5
- http://www.nedcc.org/oldnedccsite/digital/dighome.htm
- also available as a print copy.
- International Research on Permanent Authentic Records in Electronic Systems (InterPARES) 2 : Experiential, Interactive and Dynamic Records
Associazione Nazionale Archivistica Italiana
(Date Created: Aug 2008)
- This book details the findings of the InterPARES2 project. Chapters include Case and general studies in the artistic, scientific and government sectors; Records creation and maintenance; Authenticity, reliability and accuracy of digital records in the governmental sectors; Methods of appraisal and preservation; Modeling digital records creation, maintenance and preservation; Investigating the roles and requirements, manifestations and management of metadata in the creation of reliable and preservation of authentic digital entities; Structuring the relationship between records creators and preservers; terminological instruments; Bibliography and Glossary.
- http://www.interpares.org/ip2/book.cfm
- Chapters available in PDF from this website or for dowload as complet book (23 mb) or order print copy from http://www.interpares.org/ip2_book_announcement.cfm
- The International Survey of Institutional Digital Repositories
Primary Research Group
(Date Created: Nov 2007)
- This 121 page study presents data from 56 institutional digital repositories including higher education libraries from eleven countries, including the USA, Canada, Australia, Germany, South Africa, India, Turkey and other countries. It includes extensive tables and commentary describing norms and benchmarks for all aspects of repository management broken down by size and type of institution.
- ISBN: 1-57440-090-8
- http://www.primaryresearch.com/200711071-Information-Science.html
- Available for sale in print and pdf versions from this website.
-

JISC/NPO Studies on the Preservation of Electronic Materials: A Framework of Data Types and Formats, and Issues Affecting the Long Term Preservation of Digital Material
Bennett, John C.
(Last Updated: 23 May 1999)
(United Kingdom)
- This study is part of a wider program of studies funded by JISC and guided by the (UK) Digital Archive Working Group. The report attempts to develop a framework to assist in the management of the resolution of issues associated with long-term digital preservation. One of the study's recommendations is a scorecard approach to reduce the complexity of preservation decisions and to help initiate solutions.
- ISBN: 0 7123 3312 6
- http://www.ukoln.ac.uk/services/elib/papers/supporting/pdf/rept011.pdf
- British Library Research and Innovation Report No. 50
-
New Model Scholarship : How will it survive?
Smith, Abby
(Date Created: Mar 2003)
- This CLIR report discusses the issues in preserving digital scholarly resources. 'New model scholarship' is defined as those resources that are born digital, such as web sites, that will be of use to future researchers. The report looks at organisational approaches to preserving digital content and includes, as appendices, a review of organisational models for digital archiving and a survey of current research, practices and understanding of digital preservation in the United States.
- ISBN: 1887334998
- http://www.clir.org/pubs/abstract/pub114abst.html
- Available online as full text or PDF, or for purchase in print
-

Preservation Management of Digital Materials: A Handbook
Beagrie, Neil, JISC Digital Preservation Focus; Jones, Maggie, Arts and Humanities Data Service
(Regularly Updated)
(United Kingdom)
- A 145 page handbook on the preservation management of digital materials compiled by staff from the JISC Digital Preservation Focus and the Arts and Humanities Data Service. Aimed at a broad audience, it includes sections containing definitions and issues, institutional strategies, organisational activities and media and formats. It gives examples of good practice and research initiatives from around the world and makes extensive use of decision trees and checklists as a way of assisting the reader to consider the issues.
- ISBN: 0 7123 0886 5
- http://www.dpconline.org/graphics/handbook/index.html
- An order form for the revised print version is now available from this site; an online version will be made available from 2002.
-

Preserving and Sharing Statistical Material
Royal Statistical Society; UK Data Archive
(Date Created: 2002)
(United Kingdom)
- This booklet is aimed at promoting the preservation and sharing of electronic data. it also discusses what should be preserved and includes the RSS Code of Best Practice on the Preservation and Sharing of Statistical Material.
- ISBN: 0-906805-02-3
- http://www.data-archive.ac.uk/news/publications/PreservingSharing.pdf
-

Risk Management of Digital Information : A File Format Investigation
Gregory W. Lawrence, William R. Kehoe, Oya Y. Reiger, William H. Walters and Kenney R. Anne
(Date Created: Jun 2000)
(United States of America)
Reviewed by: Risk Management of Digital Information : A File Format Investigation
- This report is based on investigations by Cornell University Library with support from CLIR on the identification of risks to digital file formats during migration. A work book for risk assessment was developed, identifying risk categories, measuring risk using worksheets, matrixes and evaluation of conversion comparison software. Two migration case studies are also discussed: one for image files and one for numeric files.
- ISBN: 1-887334-78-5
- http://www.clir.org/pubs/abstract/pub93abst.html
- Available on CLIR's website or paper copy for US $20.00
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