Listen to a selection of interviews from the Hazel de Berg collection, online through the links below in Trove:
- Max Dupain - photographer
- Margaret Olley - artist
- Harry Seidler - architect
- Sidney Nolan - artist
- Colleen McCullough - writer
- Jessie Street - activist
Find more information on these interviews, and many more on the Hazel De Burg collection news page.
Hazel de Berg (1913–1984) was the daughter of the Reverend George Holland, a Methodist minister and missionary. Born in Deniliquin, New South Wales, she spent most of her childhood in a series of country parsonages. She finished her schooling at the Methodist Ladies’ College in Sydney. She trained as a photographer at Paramount Studios and later worked in the studio of Noel Rubie. In 1941 she married Woolf de Berg, a Polish-born company director. She lived in Sydney for the rest of her life.
In the 1950s, as her three children grew older, de Berg took on new activities, such as studying radiography and Indonesian. In 1957 she first used a tape recorder when she undertook voluntary work for the Talking Book Service for the Blind. She persuaded Dame Mary Gilmore to make some introductory comments about her book Old Days, Old Ways, and this brief recording marked the beginning of her remarkable career as a recorder of life histories.
Hazel de Berg with Dame Mary Gilmore during interview, 1961, nla.cat-vn-2274309
In the next three years, encouraged by John Thompson and Douglas Stewart, she recorded about 70 poets, as well as novelists and playwrights. In 1960 she turned to artists and eventually recorded about 250 painters and sculptors. As time went on, the recordings became longer and the subject range more diverse. De Berg travelled to every state in Australia and also Britain and the United States. Most of her subjects were prominent or rising figures in their fields, but in later years she became interested in local history and carried out interviewing projects in Tamworth, Cowra and Young. She often spoke of retiring, but in fact continued to make recordings right up to the time of her death.
Although she disliked the term ‘oral history’, de Berg was the pioneer of oral history in Australia. A few other individuals, such as John Thompson, had recorded life stories, but no one else worked for so long, interviewing so many people of different occupations and backgrounds. In 27 years, she recorded 1290 Australians born between 1865 and 1953. The collection is testament to her extraordinary energy, enthusiasm, charm and perseverance.
Acquisition
The Library became aware of de Berg’s work at a fairly early stage and urged her to preserve the tapes in the Library. In 1960 she began donating the tapes and continued to do so for the rest of her life.
Hazel de Berg with her son Michael aged about 11, early 1960s, nla.cat-vn-751904
The Library funded the transcription of the recordings. In 1972 a contract was drawn up whereby the Library would pay an annual grant. It was renewed several times, but de Berg remained a free spirit, selecting most of her interviewees and organising her field trips.
Description
The de Berg Collection is described and indexed in the catalogue published by the Library in 1989. It comprises 1290 recordings and a total of 1301 tapes. The recordings vary greatly in length. The earliest were short poetry readings with a few additional comments by the writer and are often only a few minutes in duration. Later interviews were longer, but as de Berg often made two or three recordings in a single day they were not usually more than an hour or two. However, there are a few recordings that are much longer, such as John Forbes (160 minutes) Rupert Lockwood (168 minutes), Anita Aarons (186 minutes), Marjorie Tipping (222 minutes), Jack Lang (240 minutes) and Larry Lake (342 minutes).
Artists form the largest group within the de Berg Collection. They include Tom Bass, Arthur Boyd, David Boyd, John Coburn, Kevin Connor, Lawrence Daws, William Dobell, Ian Fairweather, Nora Heysen, Inge King, Lionel Lindsay, Norman Lindsay, Clement Meadmore, Sidney Nolan, Margaret Olley, John Olsen, Thea Proctor, Clifton Pugh, Norma Redpath, Andrew Sibley, Grace Cossington Smith, David Strachan, Roland Wakelin, Guy Warren, Brett Whiteley and Fred Williams.
The earliest recordings were those made with writers and they form a substantial group within the collection. Among those represented are Robert Adamson, Martin Boyd, Vincent Buckley, David Campbell, Jon Cleary, Robert Drewe, Helen Garner, Rodney Hall, A.D. Hope, Thomas Keneally, Ray Lawler, James McAuley, David Martin, Frank Moorhouse, Les Murray, Stephen Murray-Smith, Louis Nowra, Peter Porter, Leslie Rees, Katharine Susannah Prichard, Ivan Southall, Colin Thiele, Chris Wallace-Crabbe, Ric Throssell and Judah Waten.
Portrait of Hazel de Berg interviewing physicist Professor Harry Messel, 1972, nla.cat-vn-4759844
The diversity of the collection as a whole can be illustrated by singling out a few of the interviewees: Phillip Adams (broadcaster), Don Aitkin (political scientist), John Andrews (architect), Don Banks (composer), Jean Battersby (arts administrator), Kenneth Binns (librarian), R. Hanbury Brown (astrophysicist), Zoe Caldwell (actress), Arthur Calwell (politician), Ross Campbell (journalist), J.H. Carver (physicist), Andrew Fabinyi (publisher), Howard Florey (pathologist), Robert Helpmann (dancer), Jack Lang (politician), Joan Long (film director), Keith Michell (actor), David Moore (photographer), Rohan Rivett (journalist), Peter Scriven (puppeteer) Harry Seidler (architect), Jim Sharman (theatre director), Larry Sitsky (composer), Jessie Street (feminist), Russel Ward (historian), Peter Weir (film director), Bruce Williams (economist) and Roger Woodward (musician).
All the recordings have been transcribed.
Organisation
The de Berg Collection is kept together within the Oral History Collection. The collection is fully catalogued and each call number has the prefix ORAL DeB. The transcripts are also kept in the Oral History Branch. In addition, it holds the handwritten notes that de Berg made to accompany each recording.
Hazel de Berg with her tape recorder, interviewing Michael Terry, 1964, nla.cat-vn-2274473
The photographs taken by de Berg are held in the Pictures Collection (P1544/1-207). They are filed in two binders (album 900) and there is a list of the photographs in the first binder. A small number of photographs have been individually catalogued and digitised. The papers are held in the Manuscripts Collection at MS 888 and MS 2249.
Read Senior Curator Oral History and Indigenous Programs, Dr Shirleene Robinson's blog on Hazel de Berg.
Find out more about the National Portrait Gallery In their own words exhibition featuring Hazel de Berg's interviews.
References
The Hazel de Berg Recordings from the Oral History Collection of the National Library of Australia, National Library of Australia, Canberra, 1989, (with introduction by Tim Bowden).
Powell, Graeme, De Berg, Hazel Estelle (1913-1984), Australian Dictionary of Biography Online
Powell, Graeme, The Oral History Collections of the National Library of Australia, Archives and manuscripts, vol. 5, February 1974, pp. 137–42.
Ritch, Diana, My mother, Hazel de Berg, oral history pioneer, Oral History Association of Australia journal, no. 18, 1996, pp. 29–36.
First posted 2008 (revised 2019)